Bandwidth kuwana Network

With kwakapararira yokuwedzera kombiyuta network , shoko rokuti "bandwidth" akava anozivikanwa wose. Kana yapfuura mubereko zvainyatsokonzerwa yokungotaura, asi ikozvino zvose zvakasiyana. Kunzwisisa chii chiri mumashoko "zvakarukwa bandwidth" kunoita kuti asarudze zvakanaka iripo basa Provider (hereinafter rinoreva dzemo zvakarukwa uye Indaneti), uyewo Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nzira akamisa basa pemambure.

Tisati yakawanda yokunyatsoongorora dzidziso, funga rinoshanda ezvinhu, izvo, nhamo, kazhinji dzakatarisa Internet vanoshandisa vanogara nyika dzaimbova Soviet Union. Sezvaunoziva, kana iwe batanidza kune nomumbure mukana webasa rinobatsirwa kwavo mutero urongwa zvinoratidza nokukurumidza pamwe chivakashure "kumusoro." Somuenzaniso, "kusvika 10 MB / s", "kusvika 50 MB / s," etc.

Kutaura zvazviri, inogona kushandiswa uye kuchengetedza zvakabatana. Chimbofunga mamiriro ezvinhu pane imwe nguva mubasa Provider wacho samambure rinobatanidza munhu rinotengeswa nevaridzi. Kazhinji, rinopa zvizere kuchaja nokukurumidza. In zvinangwa zvoupfumi, Mupi kambani inoramba vawane subscribers itsva. Somugumisiro, inova dzinongoitika mamiriro ezvinhu, apo panguva iyoyowo kutanga kubatana yakawanda paIndaneti vanoshandisa. Mumwe mutero "50 MB", mumwe wechitatu ...

The chezvaizoitika - the donhwe mwero vose akataura pazasi (rangarira chivakashure "kumusoro"). Tanga panodana vasingafari nezvaiitika subscribers, nezvinetso zvakajairika pamwe pakukurukurirana uye zvichingodaro. Achipindura, kutsigira anotaurwa kuti bandwidth ishoma. Zvirokwazvo, izvi zvaizivikanwa vanoshandisa zhinji. About chii uye nei nokukurumidza rinokundwa?

Muna 1920, imwe American mutsvakurudzi Ralf Hartli zvemagetsi uye yefizikisi Garri Nikvist, achitaura nyaya mashoko kuchinjirwa muna Telegraph, akagadzira chikuru zviri date kutapurirana rikurumidze. Chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha - ndiye ukama pakati kakawanda hutachiwana uye nguva. Saka, Hartley akagadzira mutemo maererano iyo yaipedzerwa chakasvitswa umbowo Proportional nokupfuuridzirwa kakawanda akashandiswa uye nokushanda nguva. Muna 1927 godu Nyqvist akajekesa kuti zvitange mari mutengo ndeyevanyori kaviri kakawanda rinoshandiswa (zvichireva kupararira pasina kurasikirwa mashoko por chikwata nguva). Chete akapfupikisa mubasa ravo, akagadzira dzidziso muna 1940, Shannon mashoko uye pfungwa "bandwidth kubatana."

Kakawanda siyana rakashandiswa kupararira mugero mashoko anonzi "bandwidth". Kubva Shannon kwakaita theorem no inoratidza kuti kuwana kufadza nokukurumidza ivepo kuwedzera chiratidzo simba, bandwidth, kuderedza anowedzeredza ruzha. Yakawedzera nokukurumidza nokuda vachisiyanisa inzwi chiratidzo kwakaoma, sezvo apo kuwedzera kupomba zvinoderedza uwandu pa Unit nguva, uye panguva compaction Akaroromesawo nguva imwe chete iyeye anowedzera huwandu kurasikirwa muitisi. Kazhinji, kurova kwemwoyo upamhi rinowanikwa ne nzira tikafunga yasarudzwa maitikiro.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti gwara vanokwanisa kunosanganisira kwete chete zvinodiwa chiratidzo asiwo ruzha. Izvi zvingava remagetsi chipingaidzo, Zvivako zviri kondakita, kufungisisa gauss kwacho uye zvichingodaro. The mugamuchiri anogamuchira zvizere chekubuda anonongedzera uye filters kunze achida chikamu.

Tichidzokera muenzaniso: apo vakawanda subscribers nokukurumidza kusvika panogumira zvachose mashoko rukova nokupfuuridzirwa kakawanda aishandiswa Mugoveri (Manyiminya mutsetse, redhiyo kubatana, mhangura waya). Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, kuwedzera chiratidzo simba rokuchinja nokupfuuridzirwa kakawanda uye zvakatipoteredza (rinodhura sezvo zvinoda mazuvaano pamusoro midziyo), kana kuti kurambidza chekubuda mashoko kubva neimwe rinotengeswa nevaridzi riri kuitwa.