Bem Elizaveta: Biography uye pikicha

tarenda Good kuti akatakura chiedza uye nomufaro vakuru nevana, vakanga Elizaveta Merkurevna Bem (1843 - 1914).

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Bem Elizaveta akaberekwa muSt Petersburg mumhuri vatama kubva kare wechiTatar Endaurovyh mhuri avo kushandisa basa tsars Russian ari XV remakore. With mashanu gumi nemana yaaigara kuchamuka mababa muna Yaroslavl province. Kusvikira kumugumo woupenyu hwake Bem Elizaveta aida upenyu hwokumaruwa uye nevana kumaruwa. Vaiva kuramba tsime achifuridzirwa, panguva apo Elizabeth Merkuryevna akava mukuru. Panguva ino, musikana haana kurega kuenda penzura uye kuzochera pamusoro chero bepa kuti inowira pasi rwake. Familiar zano rokuti vabereki vake kupa musikana kudzidza unyanzvi entrained. The vabereki, kana mwanasikana wangu yaiva 14, akazivisa naye kuchikoro kusimudzira vemifananidzo. Vadzidzisi vake vakanga kunoshamisa vanhu - Chistyakov, Kramskoy, A. Beydman. Bem Elizaveta akapedza chikoro pazera 21 muna 1864 aine menduru yegoridhe.

muchato

Makore matatu gare gare, Liza Endaurova anoroora Ludwig Frantsevich Bem. Aiva nemakore mukuru 16, asi anokwezva kwazvo kwayo eccentricity. Zvakanga muimbi-violinist, uyo panguva iyoyo mubasa rokudzidzisa panguva St. Petersburg Conservatory. imba yavo iri nguva dzose mumhanzi akanga achiridza, uye kwete chete violin. Piyano aivawo chaanofarira chokushandisa. Marriage, iyo akapinda Bem Elizaveta, aifara. Akabereka vana vakawanda. Mhuri yaigara pamusoro Vasilevsky Island, gare gare, apo vana vakakura uye akatanga aparadzane, zvakadaro, kana pasina mhuri yose pamwe vazukuru vavo, schoolboys vakaungana rokuvagamuchira nomutsa mumusha mbuya Elizabeth Merkuryevna, uye zvakare fabulously vakaridza Stradivarius gitare kuti kamwe muridzi Beethoven, uye ndiani zvino anotamba Ludwig Frantsevich. Iye ndokuswededza kwaari vachibva Vienna.

silhouettes

In XVII remakore yakatanga craze chekawo pamwe chigero kubva akapeta pepa silhouettes ose Portraits gandiwa mifananidzo profiles. Muzana XVIII remakore yakanga chete nehasha. Vanhu vakagara manheru uye mhuri yose akacheka zvakawanda kana zvishoma kunzwisisa mufananidzo. Zvingava chaienda, kumhanya nemabhiza kana mufananidzo murume ari renguva urefu aine heti uye nomudonzvo. Nokuti ichi yaishandiswa sezvo dema uye chena uye mavara mapepa. Aifarira payo, uye Hans Christian Andersen. Dzaiva mhizha muchidzidzo ichi akanaka kuti nounyanzvi anazvo chigero. Muzana XIX remakore nenhanho kumusoro uri akasimudza Bem Elizaveta. Kubva 1875 akatanga kuita siluetti mufananidzo ari Nzira pamusoro lithography. On inokosha ingi kukwenenzverwa ibwe pamusoro rinoshandisirwa nokungwarira wakavhomorwa muenzaniso nomucheka mashoko (rakamonana bvudzi vana, minhenga shiri kruzhevtsa pamusoro mudhori madhirezi, anokunyengedzera uswa, petals maruva), ipapo chinopinda izvozvo acids, zvichiguma pashure kushandisa pendi uye zvokudhinda chakaitika hazvishamisi diki . Saka kuoma nzira kuti Elizaveta Bem silhouettes. Zvino vanogona kakawanda kudhindwa yose riparadzirwe mabhuku. Kwakatanga kuuya "Silhouettes" makadhi. Akasunungura album "Silhouettes vana" mumakore maviri. No asingasviki shanu Albums dzakabudiswa akazotevera. Vakashandisa ane anopenga mukurumbira. Vakanga rakabudiswa kwete chete muRussia, asi kunze, kunyanya muParis. Fans varo vaiva Leo NdiTolstoy uye Ilya Repin.

mifananidzo

Bem Elizaveta akaenzanisira magazini zvevana "igrushechki" uye Malyutochka kubvira 1882 ". Gare gare - a rungano "The Gomarara" ngano Krylov uye "Notes imwe Hunter" Ivan Turgenev, Chekhov, Nekrasov, Nikolai Leskov. Uye kwose kwose vakasvika kubudirira. Strict mutsoropodzi V. V. Stasov akataura nomufaro pamusoro pebasa rake. silhouettes varo vataipa yose Europe. Mumwe pashure pomumwe bhuku rayo muBerlin, Paris, London, Vienna uye kunyange mhiri kwemakungwa. Kunyange kana simba maziso (1896) uye womufananidzo vakasiya siluetti unyanzvi, zvisinei, kunoshanda kubatanidzwa kuratidzira dzakawanda, kugamuchira Medals. Saka, muna 1906 yokudhirowa yakanga paakavapa ndarama menduru muMilan.

ABC

Munguva yedu, zvakanga zvisingaiti kuti kuziva apo rokutanga reShanduro "ABC". Sezviri pachena, izvi zvakaitika kumativi pakuguma 80s. Iri basa kunoshamisa uye kurwa mwana, zvichiita kuti atarire mavara vanodhirowa, panguva imwe chete nomusoro tsamba. Nokuti tsamba "Haniel" initials, dzakapendwa muchimiro nyoka iyo akabata muswe wayo. A mufananidzo unoratidza wechiduku wamambo. Ndakanga zvemafaro wenyaya, izvo Akaperekedzwa mavara mifananidzo papeji ose. Tsamba yaiitwa manyorero initials avo, vakaita vakasiyana hwakarongwa wechitema lettering XIV - XVI emakore. Somuenzaniso, imwe tsamba rechiito. Zvinoratidza chiduku nomutengeramwa mutambi, agere pabhenji mumba achiti mashoko. With rudo kune vechiduku vadzidzi vakaita vanodhirowa pamusoro Elizaveta Bem. "ABC" chete kukwezva uye hakudereri chero vabereki vanodzidzisa mwana wavo kana mwana uyo anonyatsoongorora mufananidzo mumwe kunzwa zvinotaurwa vabereki verenga kwaari. Izvi "ABC" iri ikazobudiswazve muchimiro chipo shanduro, uye XXI remakore jira nematehwe anofukidza pamwe zvikorekedzo zvendarira. Uye pakati XX remakore mabhii ikazobudiswazve New York.

Cards nokuti Mazororo

Ichi rinokosha mutsetse pabasa rake. Open tsamba, vachera Elizaveta Bem, yokudhirowa akakwanisa kuita kwakajeka uye chisingakanganwiki. Raiva makadhi yezororo, izvo vanhu aitumirwa on Christmas kana Easter. Nemashoko anotsanangura zvakaitwa yokudhirowa pachake, achiratidza unyanzvi zvikuru. Magwaro vaisanganisira zvenyaya Easter nziyo, uyewo mashoko kubva vadetembi Russian, uye kufarira yokudhirowa, zvirevo uye mashoko. Cards akazviratidza mukutanga 1900s. Pakutanga Elizaveta Bem pamwe kubudiswa kukurukurirana munharaunda. Eugenia, uye gare gare - muSt Petersburg pamwe akasimba Richard uye IS Lapin muParis. Open tsamba vakabuda huru Shanduro maererano nezvinodiwa nguva - magazini mazana matatu. Zvinoita sokuti pane mashiripiti vana uye vari kupendwa mazai uye pussy the willow. Asi kakomana uye kasikana saka zvakanaka kuti vakangwara iyi ruvara mufananidzo anotaura mwoyo zvikuru.

Postcards nerimwe zuva

Naivowo aifarira vatengi nokuti vakanga vanoratidzwa mifananidzo kubva upenyu Russian, azere nhetembo, ushamwari uye kudziya. Vakaita womufananidzo siginicha. Uye vanonyanya kutaurwa makadhi vake vaiva vana vomumusha, uyo Elizabeth Merkuryevna vaona zvose zhizha kana iye asvika munda pedyo Yaroslavl. Avo Somuenzaniso, vachikakavadzana, tsamba yakavhurika yakanyorerwa, iyo inonzi kuti kutsamwa uye usava surly, uye kuva norugare. Pano vana vakapfeka kumwedzi zvokupfeka, izvo iye vakaunganidza. The Artist aiva guru wemabhuku vanovengwa decoration uye vakashandisa unyanzvi. Naizvozvo, unreliability kwake uchiushanyirai hazviiti. Kunyange "kunyengedzazve" akadai kadhi inova noumhizha, iyo yakavakirwa chokwadi. Saka inotapira otkrytochku akanzi "mwoyo norudaviro kumirira." Makadhi aya vakatevera tsika National nemagariro uye ngano zvinhu zvaisanganisira.

Kugadzira ndiro

Glass netsaona uye ayo kurapwa, kuenda mukoma wake Alexander pamusoro chirimwa kuti kugadzirwa rekristaro, uye ichi vepamusorosoro rwokugadzira kufarira Elizabeth Merkuryevna, uye, sezvo nguva dzose, vakauya kubudirira kwake. Chekutanga, kutarisa yakare, chinyakare Bratina, mbiya, nemikombe, migomo, akatanga kuumba. Zvadaro kare akaswedera mufananidzo. Uye ichi chaiva basa kwakabatana chepfu fluoride chiutsi. By etching girazi Artist aipfeka masiki. Uye pakarepo zvegore, akatanga kuita regirazi decor pagungano pashoo muChicago, akatambira menduru yegoridhe.

Muna 1896 zvakaitika maviri gore hwokusika basa Elizavety Merkurevny. vakadzidza All vakabvuma kwaari. Makorokoto vaibva Lva Tolstogo, Ivan Aivazovsky, Repin, Stasov, Somov, I. Zabelin, A. Maikov.

Muna 1904, Elizabeth Merkuryevna akava chirikadzi, asi vachigere kufungidzira upenyu pasina okugadzira zvinhu. Uye muna 1914, musi avaida Hondo Yenyika II, iye akafa. Munguva Soviet, mabasa ake haana vaizviti, vakaedza kukanganwa. Kusauraya unyanzvi wechokwadi, izvo akasika Elizaveta Bem. Biography izvozvo kwakasimbiswa vachifara. mabasa aro vari vapenyu uye kufadza admirers yake uye zvino kana ava makore ane zana pashure pokufa kwake.