Biography Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha. The mabhuku nhaka munyori

Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich Hazvidi pakusuma. Ichi munyori mukuru uye munyori wemitambo rinozivikanwa yose. Biography Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha munyaya ino.

Origin munyori

Bulgakov M. A. akaberekwa May 3, 1891 muKiev. Vabereki vake vakanga vakadzidza. mai vake akashanda Karachai progymnasium mudzidzisi. baba vangu vaiva mudzidzisi (asian ake anopiwa pamusoro). Ndapedza kubva Kiev Theological Academy, akashanda mairi, uyewo mune dzimwe masangano edzidzo. Muna 1893 Athanasius Bulgakov akava Kiev remunharaunda aongororwe. mabasa ake raisanganisira kusenza mabasa akanyorwa mumitauro yokumwe. Mumhuri, asi Mikaeri akanga nevana vashanu.

nguva yokudzidziswa, basa mumunda muzvipatara

Zvinofanira kuonekwa zvakadzama guru munyori sezvo Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich, Biography. Zviri misi chokuita hwake, kwete chete kubatsira vaya vanoisa kunotsvaka kwakatangira basa rake uye kuti kunzwisisa peculiarities nenyika yake yomukati. Naizvozvo isu zano here kuverenga hwakadzama Biography.

Munyori ramangwana kudzidza Alexander First jimunasiyamu. Hazvizivikanwi dzidzo muchikoro ichi chaiva kumusoro chaizvo. Muna 1909, Mr Mikhail vakapinda Kiev University, pashure iyo aifanira kuva chiremba. Muna 1914 Hondo Yenyika First.

Ndapedza kubva University muna 1916, Bulgakov akashanda mumunda muzvipatara (mu Kamenetz-Podolsk, uye pashure penguva yakati - Cherepovets). Akanga akayeuka kubva mberi muna September 1916 Bulgakov akava musoro Nikolskaya chipatara vokumaruwa riri muruwa Smolensk. Kwapera gore, muna 1917, Bulgakov akachinjirwa Vyazma. Sezvo hwagadzwa muna 1926, "Notes chiremba wechiduku" akaratidza izvi nguva hwake. The protagonist basa iri chiremba unyanzvi, hana mushandi. In aiita seasina tariro ezvinhu anoponesa varwere. The gamba atsamwa kwazvo nokuda ezvinhu akaoma nemari kudzidza vanhuwo zvavo vanogara mumisha Smolensk. Zvisinei, anoziva kuti haagoni kuchinja chinhu.

Revolution mune nhamo Bulgakov

Yekushandisa upenyu Bulgakov akamedura February chimurenga. Bulgakov akaratidza mafungiro ake kwairi wake 1923 rondedzero "Kyiv-City". Akacherechedza kuti "pakarepo uye ominously" pokuchinja "yakauya nyaya."

Panoperera yaOctober Revolution Bulgakov akasunungurwa kubva muchiuto. Iye yadzoka Kiev, izvo, zvinosuruvarisa akanga nokukurumidza inogarwa vokuGermany. Pano Mr Mikhail vakawira kupinda maelstrom of Civil War. Bulgakov aiva chiremba akanaka kwazvo, nei mabasa ake akanga vaifanira mativi. Young chiremba chero mamiriro ezvinhu akaramba akatendeka kusvikira nevatambi kuti Humanism. Zvishoma nezvishoma kukura kushatirwa mu mweya wake. Aisagona kuti urarame utsinye chena uye Petliura. Zvadaro, mashoko aya akaratidza Bulgakov kuti yokufungidzira "The White Guard" uyewo nyaya yake, "usiku panguva nhamba yechitatu," "bvuta" uye mitambo "Flight" uye "Mazuva turbines."

Bulgakov nokutendeseka akaita chiremba basa. Panguva basa, aifanira kuva unwitting uchapupu mhosva kuti dzaiitwa pakupera 1919 Vladikavkaz. Bulgakov ndisingadi kuva zvakawanda muhondo. Iye akasiya panhengo hondo Denikin kumavambo 1920

Nyaya yokutanga uye nyaya

Ndakabva ndasarudza vasisiri tsika mushonga Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov. Brief Biography ichiri kushanda sechinhu wenhau. Akatanga kunyora nyaya kuti dzakabudiswa mumapepanhau vemo. nyaya yake yokutanga Bulgakov kuvakwa mumatsutso 1919 Kuti chando yaakasika nyaya dzinoverengeka satirical, wandei nyaya. Mune mumwe wavo, rinonzi "Tribute kuti pakuyemura," Bulgakov inotiudza mumugwagwa musazonetsanazve kwakaitika Kiev panguva chimurenga uye Civil War.

Plays akasika Vladikavkaz

chena Nguva pfupi asati akasiya Vladikavkaz, relapsing fivha kurwara Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov. Brief Biography pamusoro pake nguva ino kunyanya kunoshamisa. Muchirimo 1920 arwira. Zvisinei, Red Army mauto muguta, uye Bulgakov vaisagona kwenyika, izvo wakafanana chaizvo. Zvakanga zvakakodzera sezvineiwo kuvaka ukama hurumende itsva. Akabva atanga pamwe echimurenga dare, mune Sub-Division of Arts. Bulgakov akasika zvidimbu nokuti Ingush uye Ossetian troupes. mabasa awa dzinoratidza maonero ake pamusoro chimurenga. Kusagadzikana uku kwaiva kwenguva pfupi, rakanyorwa kunyanya kurarama mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. In Bulgakov kuti yokufungidzira "Notes pamusoro hand cuffs" kunooneka nemaonero ake Vladikavkaz.

Kutamira kuMoscow, mabasa matsva

In Tiflis, uye ipapo Batumi ndisina Mikhail Bulgakov. Zvisinei, Biography yake, akatora nzira yakasiyana. Bulgakov aiziva kuti panzvimbo munyori munguva yakaoma kuti nyika - pedyo kuvanhu. Biography Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha muna 1921 kwakaratidza Kutama kuMoscow. Nyaya yake muchirimo 1922 aigara yakabudiswa pamapeji magazini nemapepanhau muguta. The essays uye satirical kabhuku airatidza chikuru zviratidzo upenyu post-echimurenga makore. The chikuru chinhu satire Bulgakov aiva "the scum of NEP" (nemamwe mazwi, idzva vapfumi-nepmen). Pano zvakafanira kuona yokufungidzira zvakadai Bulgakov somunhu "Cup Roupenyu" uye "Trillioner". Uyewo akanga nhengo aifarira evoruzhinji ane pasi azvipire tsika. Bazaar vatengesi, vagari zvaiita guta Moscow, bureaucrats nevamwe vakuru vakuru, zvisinei, Mr Mikhail uye akaona kutanga zvitsva munyika. Saka, imwe rondedzero, iye anoratidzwa unhu kuitika vatsva chiso wechikoro mukomana uyo anoenda hachizi itsva knapsack mumugwagwa.

Nyaya "The Mitambo Ine Eggs" uye zvinoitwa okugadzira zvinhu 1920

Nyaya "The Mitambo Ine Eggs" Bulgakov yakabudiswa muna 1924. It kunoitika ramangwana yokufungidzira - muna ra1928 Panguva ino migumisiro NEP vakanga pachena. Kunyanya, mararamiro kwakawedzera zvinoshamisa (ari yokufungidzira, hwakasikwa maererano Mikhail Bulgakov). Biography kumunyori asingadi zvokufungidzira hwakadzama kunyatsoziva basa rake, asi zano mabasa "The Mitambo Ine Eggs" tichiri retell mu Muchidimbu. Professor Peaches akaita zvakawanikwa zvinokosha zvinogona kubatsira zvikuru vanhu vose. Zvisinei, mumaoko anozvikudza, Semi-kuverenga vanhu, vamiririri muboka revatungamiriri idzva aifarira pasi War Communism, uye makore NEP kusimbisa nzvimbo yacho, zviri kuwanikwa njodzi. Inenge vose vanotaurwa nyaya Bulgakov, akasikwa 1920, anokundikana. Pamabasa ake, munyori anotsvaka kuratidza muverengi pfungwa yokuti vanhu haasi kugadzirira kugamuchira zvitsva nzira ukama kuti dzinobva kuremekedza ruzivo netsika, kusvikira basa rakaoma.

"Kumhanya" uye "Mazuva turbines"

In Bulgakov kuti mitambo "Flight" uye "Mazuva turbines" (1925-28 gg.) Bulgakov akaratidza kuti vakadzidza utsinye nemasimba ose, uyo akatsiva mumwe panguva Civil War. Magamba mabasa aya anowanzoramba vamiririri vanonzi "vakadzidza matsva". Chokutanga, ivo kana vakangwarira pamusoro Revolution kana akarwa naro. MA Bulgakov pachake rinoreva rukoko itsva iyi. Izvi akati nokusetsa vari rutivi nyaya vanoda "Capital mukabhuku." Mairi, akaona kuti intelligentsia itsva, "simbi". It anokwanisa, uye kutotema huni, fenicha uye kutumira, uye kuita munzvimbo X-ray. Bulgakov akacherechedza kuti anotenda kuti vachapona, angarega kunyangarika.

Kurwisa Bulgakov, Stalin Up

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich (Biography uye basa rake kusimbisa ichi) nguva dzose vakateerera sensitively zvachinjwa munzanga yeSoviet. Akanga akatsamwa kwazvo nokuda kuchakunda kusaruramisira, akanga asina chokwadi kuti kururamiswa vamwe matanho. Asi Bulgakov nguva dzose vaitenda mumunhu. Naye ainetseka uye vakakonona vatambi vake. Kutsoropodza kunonzwisiswa nezvemurume. Kurwisa Bulgakov awedzera muna 1929. Vose Mitambo ake kunge kunze kubva repertoire yacho yemitambo. Kamwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, Mr Mikhail akamanikidzwa kunyora tsamba kuti Hurumende aine chikumbiro kuenda kunze. Zvadaro, mukuru Biography Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha aizivikanwa chiitiko chinokosha. Muna 1930, Bulgakov akanga paakavapa kudaidzwa kuti Stalin pachake. Mugumisiro kukurukurirana uku kwaiva kugadzwa Mikhail Marynich kusvikira pambiru wekambani-mubatsiri panguva Moscow Art Theater. Zvakare akazviratidza yemitambo kubudiswa Mitambo ake. Kwapera nguva, iye akasika inoshandiswa pakutsigira inoshandiswa pakutsigira kuti "Vakafa Mweya" aizivikanwa munyori sezvo Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich, Biography. Upenyu hwake zvinoita kuvandudzika. Zvisinei, zvose zvakanga zvisiri nyore saka ...

Bulgakov - a munyori rinorambidzwa

Pasinei kwokunze patronage pamusoro Stalin pachaunga Soviet pashure 1927 kwakanga kusina basa kuroorwa Mikhail Bulgakov, kunze endima kubva mutambo "Mhanyai" ( "Wechinomwe Dream") muna 1932 uye shanduro Moliere kuti "kuomera" muna 1938 Case kuti Bulgakov waibatanidzwa mazita akarambidzwa vanyori.

Chiizve chinoshamisa Biography Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha? Muchidimbu udza nezvazvo hakusi nyore, nokuti upenyu hwake aizivikanwa zviitiko zvakawanda zvinokosha uye zvinofadza chokwadi. Zvinonzi, pasinei nezvinetso, munyori haana kufunga kusiya nyika yokumusha kwavo. Kunyange munguva dzakaoma zvikuru (1929-30.), It akapotsa haana kupinda pfungwa kuenda kumwe. Mune imwe yetsamba dzake Bulgakov akabvuma kuti kumwe, kunze Soviet Union, hazvibviri, nekuti vakachera kufemera kubva kwemakore gumi nerimwe.

The nganonyorwa "Tenzi Margarita"

Bulgakov muna 1933, akaedza kubudisa basa rake "The Life of Monsieur of Moliere" mu "Lives of Inoshamisa People" dzakatevedzana. Zvisinei, izvozvo vakakundikana zvakare. Pashure paizvozvo, haazovi kuedza kubudisa zvisikwa zvavo kusvikira parufu rwake. Writer zvachose akazvipira pakusikwa yokufungidzira "Tenzi Margarita". Basa iri rakanga kubudirira kwake mukuru, uyewo imwe yakanakisisa mabasa Russian uye nyika mabhuku remakore rechi20. Gumi nemaviri hwake Bulgakov akapa basa pariri. Pfungwa "Tenzi Margarita" vakauya kwaari vari ma1920 sezvo achiedza kwouzivi uye unyanzvi kududzirwa mugovanisi chokwadi. Author vaiona shanduro kundikana yokutanga chigadzirwa. Kwemakore, Mr Mikhail akaramba vodzokera vatambi, kuedza pamusoro mukurwisana itsva uye zvatinoona. Chete muna 1932 akatenga rangano kukwana basa iri, munyori rinozikamwa zvose (Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov).

Full Biography pakati Bulgakov kunosanganisira kuongorora kukosha kwebasa rake. Saka isu taurira nezvazvo.

Ukoshi zvisikwa Bulgakov

Achiratidza kuti White sangano iri achakundikana, kuti intelligentsia achaenda Mavara (the yokufungidzira "The White Guard", mutambo "Flight" uye "Mazuva turbines"), kuti voruzhinji vari pangozi, kana tsika chakakanganisika munhu achava patsika uye kodzero yokupa vamwe kuda kwake ( "mwoyo Dog"), Mr Mikhail akaita zvakawanikwa iyo waibatanidzwa hurongwa national tsika nyika yedu.

Chiizve Zvinofadza Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich? Biography, zvinonakidza zvinhu chokuita nacho, uye basa rake - yose ine chidhindo marwadzo munhu. Kunzwa uku aigara chairwo Bulgakov somutsivi tsika Russian uye nyika mabhuku. Mr Mikhail akatora chete mabhuku unoratidza kutambura chaiko magamba. Humanism yaiva pfungwa chinoumba mabasa Bulgakov. A tenzi Humanism ichi kwechokwadi pedyo uye dzinodiwa vaverengi nguva dzose.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Mumakore ake okupedzisira Bulgakov haana kunzwa kuti upenyu hwake okusika yakanga yashatiswa. Pasinei akaramba achishingaira kusika, Bulgakov mabasa anenge asvika vaverengi panguva. It akaputsa Bulgakov. Kurwara kwake hwakawedzera kuipa, zvichiita kuti mangwanani rufu. Bulgakov akafa muMoscow musi March 10, 1940 zvino Biography rakakwana Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha, asi basa rake chisingafi. emunyori zvisaririra zviri akavigwa Novodevichy Cemetery.

Biography Bulgakova Mihaila Afanasevicha, pfupiso ino, tinotarisira, kuti imi munoda kunyatsoziva nebasa rake. Mabasa Munyori uyu anonakidza uye anokosha, saka zviri zvachose inokosha iverengwe. Mikhail Bulgakov, Biography zvinhu uye izvo akadzidza pachikoro - mumwe mukuru vanyori Russian.