Ndezvipi chikuru zviri muvanhu? General evanhu

Kushandisa shoko rokuti "vanhu," kwose kwose, asi kuti nekutaura musimboti pfungwa iyi asingagoni vose. Tsanangudzo Fani iyi uye ichiratidza pfungwa dzayo anopa evanhu uye munzanga nesayenzi. ndiyo Latest sainzi iri nyaya iyi inonyanya kukosha kurema nokuti vanhu kuti ndiyo nyaya yacho yokudzidza. Kusiyana sayenzi vamwe, zvinokurudzirwa kufunga zvose zvinobvira zvinhu munzanga. Vamwe Science secrete mumwe chete dzakananga nemishonga.

Zvisinei, tichava omerera mharidzo, izvo Anotipa evanhu, sezvo munyaya ino tiri kuenda funga mubvunzo: "? Ndezvipi chikuru zvinhu kwenzanga" - uyewo vamwe chokuita zvinhu. Ivo kuchatibatsira zvikuru nokungwaririra ishande pfungwa iyi uye zvavo zvichava kubatsira kuvandudza ruzivo mumunda uyu.

Kutarira pfungwa kwenzanga

Heano mamwe mashoko kubva evanhu, kuratidza musimboti kwenzanga. Saka, sainzi ichi inokurukura pfungwa mativi maviri makuru, ukuwo, rinomiririra siyana tsika. Ngatitaurei pamusoro nomumwe oga, ukuwo dzinombotaura nevamwe zviri vanhu.

Maererano nenhau dzakaitika, upfumi chinoumba

Kurutivi yokudzidza yokutanga ndeyokuongorora munzanga tichifunga enhoroondo, zvoupfumi, Nzvimbo enyika zvinhu. Maererano neizvi rutivi vanhu vanozivikanwa se chivakwa kungogumira boka revanhu kana munharaunda.

Most kazhinji tsinga ichi vari dzinounzwa chaizvo zvakananga mhando sezvo chinyakare, muranda, feudal, uye vamwe. Ivo vanoonekwa ne zvakafanana tsika, padanho kukura ruzivo, tsika dzakanaka.

Uchifunga izvi, nhoroondo, zvoupfumi, zvinhu pachena vanhu, akaumba munharaunda imwe nyika kana kondinendi. Russian ichi, uye American, uye nyika dzokuMadokero rwevanhu, uye kumabvazuva.

Kubva pane izvi, isu muchidimbu mashoko chinogumbura tsananguro: nzanga - hurongwa zvakawanda nguva uye ndima. Chero Nguva ayo tsika uye padanho zvemichina iri kambani yakadaro.

Key zvinhu

Scientist E. Shils anotipa anoverengeka chikonzero hwaakange kuruka-kure makambani kwakavakirwa dzavo chimiro zvinhu kukurukurwa:

- kushanda sezvo chinokosha chivako (kambani iri zvisiri chinhu chikuru ino);

- ane ndima yayo zvakajeka;

- ane zita, nhoroondo inotungamirwa uye kukura;

- kupedziswa uye kuwedzera wekambani imhaka yevanhu nezviwanikwa, izvo nhengo yake (ane kusara shoma);

- sechiratidzo, nopindirana kune yaimbovapo - kuroorwa vamiririri nokuwadzana;

- pane kushanda nzvimbo utariri hurongwa;

- dzinoratidzwa zvakajairika kuti vamiririri ezvinhu tsika, dzemunharaunda, tsika kuti aumbe tsika;

- nguva Kuvapo vanhu hazvo kupfuura lifespan ane mumiririri nomumwe.

Zviri muvanhu, maererano chiremerera evanhu Russian ndeinotevera:

• nharaunda - iye anotamba basa chikuru zvinhu hwaro kuvapo uye kukura evanhu ukama;
• kuzvionera - yokugutsikana, vachibvumira kuvapo pasina zveupfumi uye vamwe voukama nevamwe munzanga;
• integrative - pamwe yose vanhu vari mubishi evanhu upenyu, kuramba uye kubereka zvizvarwa;
• ichiita mabasa akawanda - zvose paakafungisisa hunhu marongerwo (nokuti pokuita vanhu).

Ngatimbofunga mberi kune chinotevera pamuviri kwenzanga hunomirirwa Sociological tsvakurudzo.

Sociological nouzivi chinoumba

Saka, isu munotoriziva ndedzipi chikuru zvinhu wekambani maererano yemari-nenzvimbo zvinoumba pakudzidza. Inguva kufunga zvinoumba nokudzidza nyaya iyi evanhu yechipiri.

Zvinoreva vanhu yechipiri evasingatombonamati Sociological nouzivi, kana vaiona yose. Muzvidzidzo izvi mirayiridzo evanhu anobva migumisiro hunobatsira zvaanorumbidza uye kwakaita ezvirevo zviduku - nharaunda duku (mhuri, madzinza, marudzi). Kuvaka akanyatsorongwa pezvivako kubva madiki kurei. Somugumisiro, isu tiwane dzichipfekeka kubatana kwevanhu vemunharaunda.

Tichitarisa siyana masangano munzanga neizvi, inoshanda nemaonero, evanhu kunomutsa nyaya zvakasikwa - kwakabva kwenzanga, vanhuwo chinangwa ivepo. Nzanga imwe neimwe ine nhoroondo yayo kwakadaro. Nokudaro, American dzidziso "kava kutanga" anovaka pamusoro vamwe dzakavamba madzibaba. Kufunga panyaya evanhu Soviet Union Anoisa October Revolution pakati 1917

Ngatikurukurei muchidimbu zvishoma zvakataurwa mune gadziriro iri Sociological zvinobatanidzwa munzanga - chikuru munzanga boka, zvinosanganisira zvose vamwe, achivaita chikamu chake. Tikaramba mberi funga mubvunzo chii vari chikuru zvinhu munzanga.

Zviratidzo nzanga iri Sociological chechinyorwa

Mutsvakurudzi Sociological nyaya R. Koenig ibasa zvinotevera unhu kuti vanhu:

• mumwe Mararamiro evanhu;
• zveupfumi uye pfungwa kushamwaridzana kuumbwa urongwa;
• kuvapo mumagariro cohesion (siyana marudzi);
• pakururama evanhu cohesion, ndiko, Zvivako duku;
• nhoroondo pakanyorwa inotungamirwa uye kukura iyi kunyanya kongiri, vanhu;
• munzanga chokwadi - kwemasayendisiti umo ukama akasungwa vanhu.

Vamwe dzinokosha ehupfumi

Izvi zvisati zvaitika, tine akatarira zvinhu zviviri nokudzidza wemagariro evanhu munzanga, isu anotaurwa zvimwe zvigadzirwa nzanga mienzaniso. Takadzidzawo pamusoro unhu kuri kudzidza kwenzanga pamwe zveupfumi uye Sociological mumativi. Zvino, isu funga izvozvo zvakafanira kugara pane vamwe ayo zvivako inokosha. Kune vaya vari evanhu chinzvimbo kuzvionera uye kugutsikana.

Kuzvionera uye kugutsikana sezvo ehupfumi

Kare, isu zvishomanana chete anotaurwa pfuma kuzvionera pamusoro maumbirwo kwenzanga. Zvino zvakawanda nezvazvo.

The Company anokwanisa kuvapo aparadzane vamwe, kutsigira kushanda zvivako zviduku dziri chivako, uye kuzvionera. pfuma iyi, pakutanga kuona, yakati yakarideredza kuti mamiriro tichitarisa zvachose pasi pose chose zvose kwemasayendisiti nyika zvevakomana. Zvisinei, hazvina kutsausa: zvinosimbisa nyika dzakawanda vokukurukura ane zvimwe zvairatidza kuti kuzvionera anova asina pachena kudaro, asi zvichiitika werumwe rudzi.

Achirova nokusimbisa kuzvionera munzanga uko yevagari kwenyika kuvapo kwavo simba enyika mavari. Mukati nyika, pane duku Nzanga vanhu yaisanganisira panheyo akanyatsorongwa munzanga yose.

Kudzidza mberi masangano munzanga, vanoti mashoko mashoma pamusoro yokugutsikana. Yokugutsikana - imwe nyika-chaicho pfuma vanhu, ichipa mukana kuti kure vamwe vanhu zvachose. Kamwe paiva weboka basa pakati ndima nyika (kugadzirwa specialization), yokugutsikana haina kuchengetwa munyika iyoyo. Mazuva nzanga, mutsva yakavakwa muna unhu - complementarity zvoupfumi zvikonzero.

Other ehupfumi

Chinokosha chero vanhu - mitsetse yacho tsika. Pfungwa iyi zvinosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana mananara, hapana chikonzero funga kwavari sechikamu dingindira redu. Zvakakwana kutaura kuti, kwakavakirwa zvakajairika netsika, kuzvicheka-ruzivo, tsika yevanhu Cultural Society aumba. Zvinonzi pashure paumbwe akapfuma nhoroondo.

Duku munharaunda kuti vaite mabasa avo chete ino munyika iri pachavo vanhu kwavo. Ndiro kuratidzwa chikuru zvivako kuzvidzora.

mhedziso

Somunhu mhedziso kugumisa munzanga uye unhu ayo dzinokurukurwa evanhu akasiyana-siyana oushumiri. Izvi inorangarira zvoupfumi, nenzvimbo, zvenhoroondo, tsika uye zvimwewo. Modern vanhu kuonekwa kunyanya chimiro kunyika vavo vanhu. The ehupfumi kukosha vavo - kuzvionera uye kugutsikana.

Saka, tinonzwisisa nyaya chii vari chikuru zviri muvanhu, dzikaumba sechinhu kutanga. Tinovimba kuti mashoko achava kubatsira kuita kuziviswa maonero evanhu vemazuva ano.