Black-uye-White erudzi mhou: mamirire

The mukaka zvibereko mombe kunobva zvechadenga mhuka, zvinhu, zera uye zvimwewo zvakawanda. Asi kutanga - rudzi uye mavambo. On mundima Russian kwakapararira kubva pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore aiva mutema (mottled) mombe erudzi, izvo nhasi chinobatanidza kutungamirira chinzvimbo.

chitarisiko

Pakati nevamwe zvatariswa chokuita kunze mhuka, Chokwadi, ndiko chikuru ruvara. Shinda nguva dzose-chena dema-uye ruvara, inofadza chaizvo uye akapfava kuti ikabatwa. Mutete ganda unoumba zvishomanana mipendero iri muviri. The musana uye loin ndizvo chaizvo twasu mutsetse. An elongated muviri chemhuka ane panzvimbo kura dumbu yakatanga proportionally. Zamu mukombe serin'i pamwe asymmetric lobes uye chaizvo munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva shure teats. Mbabvu Strong akanunura zvakananga. Muviri uremu mhou kuri kuwedzera nokukurumidza. Aine kurema makirogiramu 35 pakuzvarwa vakura nayo anoyera 470-550 makirogiramu kuwedzera 140 masendimita Bulls yekudyidzana zvakasimba -. Uremu hwavo kubva 850 900. makirogiramu.

Features erudzi

Black-uye-White erudzi mhou rinoreva dheri, nyama saka unhu iwayo inogutsa. Mubvunzo "uye mujenya Eh mhou anopa mukaka" ndiyo huru pakuongorora dhigirii ayo. erudzi iri kuonekwa zvikuru kubudirira kwenhamba mukaka, mukaka goho dzimwe nguva kusvika makirogiramu 7,000 paminiti lactation.

Mhuka dzine nezviripo kuti dzakasiyana-siyana okunze. For mamiriro ose okunze vajaire nokukurumidza, nyore nyore kukunda kutonhora nokupisa, vane utano hwakanaka uye ari mudanga rokuzvidzivirira, ave mazhinji ari mafuro uye havana kutya kwohumwe iitike. Zvokudya vane mwero, Chikurukuru, kuti paiva nezvokudya - kufanana mafuro manyoro uye uswa uye silage. With zvose izvi features, varimi vanosarudza maberekero erudzi urwu.

mavambo

Patriotic Black-uye-White erudzi mhou akaberekwa nokuda Breeders ari 30s remakore rechimakumi maviri. Local mombe akasiyana kumatunhu Russia yakanga akayambuka Dutch mhou. Basa chaiitirwa mumatanho maviri: kutanga gadziriro VaNefirimu siyana, ipapo vari kuvandudza. The pamutemo Ushumiri of Agriculture, rudzi sezvo yakazvimirira akagamuchira chete muna 1959, pashure zvakava akakurumbira kwete nyika yedu asi kunze,-chena dema-uye mhou erudzi.

negoho

Great ukoshi nokuti parameter iri mombe maberekero nharaunda. Mukaka mafuta zviri pakati 3.2-3.9 muzana, uye yakakwirira chikumbaridzozve zvakanzi kuchengetwa mhou kuSiberia, Estonia uye Ukraine. Rutoto mumapurazi kuzvirumbidza uye isingachadiwi, dzimwe nguva inosvika 6500 makirogiramu. Vachirwira kutungamirira uye kukwikwidzana pamusoro parameters siyana, kunyora hurumende mumapurazi uye kubudirira pakati udoyu. Record mufananidzo nhasi 10,000-12,000 makirogiramu. yakawanda mukaka paminiti lactation nhasi kwakadaro kunogona kupa-chena dema-uye mhou erudzi. Zvinoitwa dzenyama negoho zviri zvakasiyana. 50 chete% goho rokuzvibaya chitunha.

Kune mhando dzakawanda erudzi urwu, kusiyaniswa zvokunze features, nokuti udoyu, zvichienderana maberekero akakwirira. On nhamba idzi zvinokanganisa okunze, padanho maberekero basa munzvimbo uye anokonzera mhando zvipfuwo.

Rora mhou of Central mudunhu Russia

Black-uye-White erudzi mhou muchikamu ichi Russia ine maitiro ayo. Iyi mhuka huru kwazvo. Mhou vane avhareji kurema 650 makirogiramu uye yakakwirira zvibereko (7500-8000 makirogiramu mafuta mukaka kugutsikana kwete asingasviki 3,6%). Bulls dzimwe nguva kusvika huremu 1000 makirogiramu. Species vakasikwa kuyambuka dzinoita vemo (Kholmogory, Yaroslavl and unto.) With German uye Dutch. Mhando Inbreed akaberekwa muna Central Russia (Moscow, nepetsinsky uye barybinsky) vakanga wakasuduruka muna 2003-2004.

Rora mhou suit dema-motley ari Urals

mhuka idzi dzinotipfuura lightweight mhando remitemo vane rinopindirana chaizvo uye vane yakati yakaoma nomuviri. Color kunyanya rikasviba mavara zvichena hukuru siyana, iri yose muviri ari runobva nenzira. Zvikurukuru kupfurikidza kuyambuka Tagil matombo pamwe chena mombe reBaltic uye akaonekwa Urals, ichi dema mottled mhou erudzi. mukaka goho siyanei zvinhu: mukuru-mafuta mukaka, richisvika kusvika 4.0% mukaka goho haagoni kunzi guru kwazvo. Kunyange dzokumaruwa mamiriro mapurazi, ivo kashoma kupfuura 5500 makirogiramu. Muna 2003, kupfurikidza kuyambutswa Holstein nzombe uye mhou dema-motley erudzi Breeders vakasikwa interbreed mhando - Ural.

Black-uye-chena mombe kuSiberia

Mugumisiro Dutch mombe ruminant Siberian pamwe chidzoke mhuka huru uye hombe achirema kusvika 560 makirogiramu. Pezvemakuriro mukaka goho anoda kubva 4500 kusvika 5000 makirogiramu, uye maberekero mapurazi mhou anogona kupa uye 8000 makirogiramu. Mukaka ane mukuru chikamu mafuta. Mhando Inbreed akasika muSiberia (Priobsky, Ilmensky) vari zvakanaka dzakashandisa Siberian mamiriro ekunze.

Nokuda majini ose Holstein mombe, kunyanya panze uye kugadzirwa mukaka vari kuva zvakafanana, ine nhema mottled mhou erudzi. Photos of mhuka dzinogona kuwanikwa mumabhuku, hazvina zvikuru zvakasiyana, nokuti hazvibviri kuti asarudze - akatunhidzwa erudzi kuSiberia uye Urals. Vose vane rakafanana chaizvo remitemo uye zvinganaka samafuta mhando Kuwedzera.

Holstein erudzi mhou

Kuvandudza dema-motley rudzi mudzimba mombe Breeders vakashandisa mubasa ravo Holsteins. Pakutanga kubva Netherlands, mhuka idzi, nokuti hwakanakisisa kwayo, dzakapararira munyika yose, kunyanya zvakakurumbira Germany kuva. Official kunyoresa rudzi yaiva 1983 muna North America. Nhasi, iye aripo 90% of uwandu chemombe akaberekwa mundima. Bumbiro Strong uye yakakwirira zvibereko kwava zviratidzo kuti yakakurumbira erudzi Holstein mhou. Black-uye-chena ruvara emhuka idzi ndiwo koshesa, asi pane vamiriri zvachose vatema uye kunyange tsvuku uye variegated ruvara. White nyora kazhinji iri nedumbu, napamusoro makumbo uye muromo muswe.

Mhou vane mapfupa akasimba, zvakanaka dzakabudirira tsandanyama uye zvakanaka vakaratidza mukaka siyana. Calyciform zamu anosiyana tinokwanisa guru. Per zuva mukaka goho inogona kusvika kupfuura 60 makirogiramu, uye kugadzirwa yokudengenyeka lactation - 8000 makirogiramu. Pamusangano nekukwirira masendimita 150 mhou vanogona kusvika kurema kg 700, nzombe - pamusoro 1100 makirogiramu. Nokupa yepamusoro mhuka zvokudya, nhamba idzi anogona kunge yakatokura. Mhuru vanoberekwa achirema 38 kusvika 47 makirogiramu. Zvinhu yevasungwa vamiririri Holsteins vanoda chaizvo, saka unofanira kutaura nyaya iyi zvikuru musoro. Havafaniri kuva mukuru mupfungwa kushivirira, asi panguva imwe chete nyoro zvikuru uye cleanly. Muchirimo, sezvo zviri zvakakwana zvokudya uswa kuti Mhou vari kungomberereka, asi munguva yechando zvakafanira kushandisa legume uswa iri zvokudya, soybean kudya uye zviyo.

Yaroslavl erudzi mhou

Rinobva muna Yaroslavl Province kubudikidza kusarudzwa omunzvimbo mombe, nokuti iro akawana zita rayo. erudzi urwu ndiyo imwe mukuru Russia, uye nhasi vakawanda ne vamwe, dzine yauinayo. mombe erudzi urwu-chena dema-uye ndiyo zvishoma akasiyana chisina kutsetseka nomuviri, yakamanikana chipfuva uye underdeveloped tsandanyama. The peculiarity pamusoro sutu yacho Yaroslavl rudzi ndihwo dema ruvara navaduku makwapa chena mumusoro, dumbu uye migumo. Mhuka dzine nomumhu, kusapfuudza masendimita 127 panguva hunooma uye uremu kashoma kupfuura 500 makirogiramu. Zvakanaka-dzakabudirira zamu vakagumisa chimiro kunopa mukuru mukaka goho - 6000 makirogiramu, namafuta zviri 4.2-5.2%.

Today Yaroslavl erudzi nokuda kwavo simba kuita hachisisiri upfumi kukosha zvakadai kare. The Vagari yayo ipfupi, asi, pasinei ichi, izvozvo kunokosha zvikuru maberekero. Saka, nokuda mhuka dzirambe dzichiberekana pamwe yaroslavok Holstein nzombe, mutsva mhando Yaroslavl erudzi - St. Michael, kuva mukuru kugadzirwa mukaka. Uyezve, mhuka idzi akasiyana precocity, upenyu hurefu, nyore kuti ajairane ezvinhu omunharaunda.

Uye private nemauto nhasi zvikuru nevakawanda-chena dema-uye mhou erudzi. Reviews vanoti varidzi vari wandei zvakanakira pamusoro zvimwe. Rutoto basa iri nguva dzose kuitwa nhasi pamwe erudzi urwu, nokupa kusika mhuka huru, pamwe dzakakwirira dziine negoho uye kugadzirisa zvose zvikanganiso ose panze.