Chii gungwa? kupatsanura yamakungwa

On pose pane gungwa 63. Havagoni kuverengwa pakati reCaspian uye Aral (ichi chikuru, asi zvakadaro gungwa - "zvizvarwa" yekare Tethys Ocean), uyewo kuGarirea Vakafa (Uyewo "gungwa" riri munhoroondo). Chii gungwa? mubvunzo uyu akapindura vaongorori kupatsanura AM Muromtseva, Yu. M. Shokalskogo, A. V. Everlinga, Krummel, N. N. Zubova. Munyaya ino, ratinoparidza muchikwata kupfuura kwakapararira yamakungwa.

Chii gungwa kwazvo; kupatsanura nyanza

The inozivikanwa zvikuru kupatsanura ndiye anoparadzira gungwa ndeve mudziva nenyanza. Anoritsanangura, tinogona musiyano 5 akasiyana mitumbi izvi remvura:

1. Pacific - 25 makungwa, pakati pavo Bering, Yellow, Japan, Philippine, Tasman, Fiji Okhotsk, East China and said.
2. Atlantic - 16 makungwa, incl reBaltic, Azovskoe, muCaribbean, Gungwa North, Mediterranean, reAegean, Black and unto ...
3. Indiyskookeanskie - makungwa 11, kusanganisira muArabhia, Red, Timor and unto.
4. Severnoledovitye - makungwa 11, kusanganisira Sea Barents, kumabvazuva kweGungwa Siberian, Gungwa Pechora, nenyanza yeLaptev, Kara, chukchi, uye vamwe.
5. Southern Ocean - Gungwa Antarctica: Amundsen, Bellingshausen, Commonwealth, Cosmonauts, etc ..

Ndezvipi Sea: zita kuparadzana penyanza

In muchikwata ichi mapoka mana pakufara;

1. Inter-chitsuwa - iri gobvu muzvitsuwa mhete izvo kudzivirira kushingaira mvura exchange penyanza: Sulawesi, etc. Javanese.
2. Intercontinental (kure negungwa) - nomumugwagwa, saka kuti kukurukura penyanza chete vashoma ndima: Red Sea, Mediterranean, muCaribbean, etc.
3. Marginal - pachena kutaura penzvimbo penyanza, dzenzvimbo, ivo vakaumba nekuti mhepo yawo. Gungwa unochinja unhu emadhaka, okunze, kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka: Japan, South China, Bering, Okhotsk nezvakadaro.
4. Domestic - zvakazara akavharwa kuonana munyanza ari panyika. Mukati pacharo akakamurwa kure negungwa (Russian dema, yellow) uye mezhmaterikovye (Red Sea, muMediterranean), uyewo voga - kwete kuonana nevamwe zvakafanana miviri mvura (Aral uye Dead) mune Semi-akanyudzwa (somuenzaniso, Azov, Baltic).

Pakugoverwa ukuru salinity yamakungwa

Mapoka aya vanopfuura kupindura mubvunzo , "Ko mvura iri mugungwa?". Pindura pano vari vaviri:

1. Acharungwa gungwa - the chikamu munyu kuvatumwa mu yomugungwa mumvura. Somuenzaniso, Gungwa Black anoreva pano.
2. Silnosolenye gungwa - the chikamu salinity remvura riri kupfuura gungwa. Sezvo muenzaniso wakajeka - Gungwa Dzvuku.

Makungwa nemvura yakachena, sezvo kuonekwa kubva kupatsanura, kwete.

Zvimwe classifications remakungwa

Chii gungwa asi? Maererano mvura tembiricha yegungwa mvura rakakamurwa dzinopisa, unozvidzora uye polar ekunze - kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba.

Maererano kwokuomerwa irregularity kwemhenderekedzo chinogona kukamurwa silnoizrezannye uye slaboizrezannye. Pano, somuenzaniso, Gungwa Sargasso handizvo tambo.

Zvibvunze kuti: "Chii chiri mugungwa?", Mumwe nomumwe wedu zvichava, uye ayo kupatsanura kunyarara, vanotyisa, kunyorova, hasha, akanaka, kudziya, chando, kure kana pedo. Scientific umwechete, kuti mukuru zvakadini, akakodzera basa tsvakurudzo date reservoirs.