Chii sirivha solder? Properties uye mifananidzo

Kuitira kuchengetedza mari, vazhinji vakaitwa nesirivha solder noruoko. Regai titsanangure zvinhu mabikirwo, kushanda ari rakapera chiwanikwa.

Kana usiri achivimba neunyanzvi, zviri nani kuti kutenga vakagadzirira akagadzirwa Pasta uye kwete kutambisa nguva iri mibvunzo kuedza.

Chii chinonzi chiwanikwa

sirivha Kwakachena - zvinyoronyoro simbi, saka hazvisi yakakodzera basa. Zvikurukuru vatenzi kushandisa musanganiswa iyo rinoumbwa zingi, nickel, aruminiyamu, mhangura uye cadmium. The solders sirivha pane sirivha zvinosanganisira zingi uye mhangura. The musono akaumba aine sezvamunoita yakadaro, vakawana simba uye yakasimba.

The yeimwe esirivha, mhangura, zingi, vane yakakwirira anokwanisa utsotso. Ivo inoshandiswa sirivha solder. Kudzora chimbadzo ayo mamiriro akagadzirirwa GOST 19746 74. Solders, giredhi sirivha nguva dzose raanotaura mirayiridzo zvigadzirwa. Solder musono, izvo inotengwa saizvozvi inotengwa yakasimba.

Solder muchiso PSrMts 37

sirivha solder waya (37 PSrMts uye Sep-25) rinoshandiswa kubatanidza hukawanika nendarira. Form wayo gadzira chinhu chinoramba jira. Zvinonzi racherwa micheka yakatsemurwa ukobvu 1.5-2 mm. The nemaburi kubatana hukawanika azara nesirivha solder, vaikwanisa withstanding zvokuimba deformation uye vibration.

makemikari anoumba

muitiro zvemichina kunobva pakushandisa sirivha solder, dzaizopiwa pokunamatidza danho. Sezvo solder anofanira kutsungirira kutonhora anosvika 600 ° C, zvinoriumba ayo: 33% cadmium, 30% sirivha, 16% zingi, 20% mhangura. Murwiyo iri nani kusimba, haagoni kukunda vibrations. Kana mari esirivha 52% of Urume musanganiswa inotengwa kukurira rimwe multistage pokunamatidza.

Main yokubikira resipi sirivha solder

Ngatiedzei kufunga sei kuti sirivha solder kumba. Pane nzira dzakawanda ayo gadzira, mumwe ane pachake nuances ayo. Kuwana chiwanikwa mari kunodiwa (madhora makumi mashanu) 1924 , uyewo shanu masendi muna 1962. Kushanda chinodiwa: Ingus, sirivha, gasi burner, chipunu.

Manufacturing esirivha solder anotanga itye inokosha simbi. Mobva nickels mari. To zvakakwana anokurudzira, musanganiswa yakazununguka pamusoro chipunu. Ya iyi kunoenderana yokupedzisira mugumisiro vaiitawo. Zvakaipira zvigadzirwa izvi kupisa makemikari hurongwa kuti aifanira solder. Zvadaro, muuki uyo pave maoko ake amene chiwanikwa rinodurura ndokuadira Ingus pasina vachiridzira mabhanzi. Pamusana solder ane 900 mharidzo. Kana pokunamatidza zvinoyerera anofanira zvinyoro, kuti tibu- unhu basa. Tenzi anochengeta uchiongorora womoto ari gasi burner kusimbisa kuwana kunyange uye yakasimba.

Technical mabasa

For hwokugadzira mapepa akashandiswa sirivha solder dzine zvikamu 80 sirivha, mhangura 16, 4 zinc. Of mubereko kwezvishongo sirivha solder, ane akafanana ndiko: 2,8 zvikamu endarira, 7 - sirivha, 0.2 - zinc. basa risati riri kuitwa nokutorera ndarira oxide firimu. Kuti vawane 10 magiramu ari solder 999 iri sirivha wakaumbwa. Brass inowedzerwa nemvura simbi, unomutsa chipunu. Pashure kunyunguduka musanganiswa rakazara pamwe zingi, kunoguma akafanana rwuchipeterwa. Uyezve akakungurusa jira unotemwa pamwe chigero uye vakaremerwa pachiyero. For zvinobudirira basa rinodiwa: chipunu, sandpaper, gasi burner, zvikero, rebates, nokuti vaiitawo chipunu. Silver solders regai nendarira, sirivha, yakachena zingi borax. Nokuti mukugadzira hwokugadzira mhinduro kuti sirivha solder 94 kana 96 ivhu. Get resimbi zvinogona panguva combustion silverware: chirukwa, ruka, brocades.

solder utsotso

Zvakanyunguduka simbi izvo zviri chikamu musanganiswa yakawanikwa iri Kukuru Mukutonga kwechiFascist sirivha solder kuti simbi. Uise gel muchoto, kugadzirira chaiyo midziyo: borax, mumwe mudziyo remvura, carbonic musanganiswa wesimbi haka Kukuru Mukutonga kwechiFascist. Chokutanga zvakafanira itye refractory uye akabva awedzera kuti musanganiswa fusible simbi. Kuita nemaoko ake yepamusoro solder, basa anofanira kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri. Chokutanga, Kukuru Mukutonga kwechiFascist abviswa Kukuru Mukutonga kwechiFascist, vakabatana simbi mvura izere mudziyo. Somugumisiro, pane akanaka solder mumate. Ivo aoma, ipapo kuzodzosera ikavhunduka, kufukidza zvisvundu. Kana simbi yanyungudika chose, izvozvo yakadururirwa chaiwo anoumba. Pashure solidification mbariro kana usina kukonekita kungoitwa matete rinoparadza. Nokuti kushandiswa dzairamba dzamabwe riri lathe pamusoro nhete waya.

Zvinoitwa Formulations unosvikirwa meltability

Ndezvipi mukaravhani solders sirivha? ehupfumi dzavo yakafanana neiya nziyo dziri muindasitiri ezvinhu. We vakawana yakakwirira brazing simba, ngura nemishonga, pasi utsotso pfungwa, yakakwirira chafariz conductivity. Panguva mashandiro, murwiyo anozadza yose nzvimbo pakati solder hukawanika, anopa kumeso uye vafuke musono. Kana uchida kuti chiratidzo PSP-72 chiwanikwa Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kubudikidza doping ari lithium utsotso zvokusvika hwemhangura ipfupi. sezvamunoita akadaro pakakodzera brazing simbi nhengo husingakwanisi nemakemikari ngura.

Kugadzirira solder mumba; zvinhu uye algorithm

Silver brazing kumba kunoda neizvi muitiro - kutendeutsa yakaumbwa simbi kuti yakasimba mamiriro. Chokutanga, zvakakosha chose uchanyauka sirivha, uye ipapo unokandirwa muna Ingus. Basa rose rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: anogadzira zvinhu zvipunu - Foundry, imwe chirungiso zvinoyerera placement ari chipunu pamusoro batch mangé, rakaumbwa, a mbishi zvinhu, kuisa iri Ingus.

Uise chipunu pamusoro pasi duku makadhibhokisi bhokisi, ipapo aiise kurei, saka iye akaputirwa pamucheto chipunu. Zvadaro qualitatively zvakakangwa makadhibhokisi machira. The mubhedha anofanira concave kuita zvinodiwa mugumisiro. solder utsotso kwacho mumba kuripo, saka vane mwoyo murefu. batch mangé Sorting rinoitwa pasi zvishongo muchikero. Tenzi vanoda anotevera zvinhu:

• zvishongo zvemagetsi pamakwande;
• 20 g sirivha chinyorwa 916 ivhu;
• sirivha chinyorwa 875 ivhu;
• sirivha wakachena (12 magiramu);
• borax;
• simbi solder;
• gasi burner

The yose batch mangé rakakamurwa yemamota vanoverengeka 18-20 magiramu. Mixed chinyorwa sirivha uye 875 ivhu. Nokuti simbi zvinoda anenge 6 magiramu kuti chinyorwa uye 42% chaiyo. Magnet iri vakachenesa pakusachena simbi.

875 mimwe atora sirivha uye mhangura nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi solder, nhamba inofanira kuva 4: 1 (makumi mashanu zvemadhora uye zvinoda sirivha matatu mhangura mari). Nokuti nekubudisa akashandisa borax ari nhamba 1 kusvika 10. Next, akaita murazvo kuchinja. Hatidi kuvakurudzira moto yakawandisa, zvichakutungamirira kune uchipfuta simbi, pane kubvunda. Pamusoro gasi burner anoiswa chipunu. In nedanho utsotso zvinosiyana sirivha ruvara, inoyerera pasi kusvikira pasi.

Uyezve Ingus wakaiswa pedo murazvo kuti vakuchidzire nayo. For yepamusoro vazvinyause kutanga akazorwa wakisi. Usarega kutonhora ari uchanyangadika uye Gloss, isakarurama nayo huchachinja hwokugadzira zvechadenga solder. Liquid simbi dzakadururwa zvishoma nezvishoma kudziyirwa Ingus. Zvadaro mvura inotonhora. Pashure zvakakwana kutonhora bhaa kurudzosa akatendeukira chimiro ichi. Asbestos kana kabhodhi unhani inogona kushandiswa 3-5 rinopisa.

Repair kuti silverware

Beautiful maketani, norwonzi, mhete, nezvikokovonho zvenyama, nezvirongo, Coasters zvakagadzirwa nesirivha yakashongedzwa upenyu hwevanhu. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, inokosha simbi zvigadzirwa kuputsa, ari kugadziriswa uye kudzorerwa. Kuti aite basa rakadaro kunodiwa sirivha solder. For 925 zvinogona kuitwa noruoko, achishandisa zano jewelers ounyanzvi. Nokuti basa unoda zvinotevera zvinhu zvokurimisa: pokunamatidza kwakajairika uye kutadza Kudzingwa solder, sirivha chinyorwa. Nyore shanduro sei kugadzirisa yakabvaruka cheni - tora mumwe mutengesi. Asi iwe unogona kukurira dambudziko uye kumba kuponesa mari. To manually soldered sirivha, unofanira tenzi algorithm zvinoitwa, kwezvinhu nzira, kudzidza zvivako nesirivha uye ayo alloys chaiko.

Rules pokunamatidza silverware

Kuita zviito izvi zvichikosha kuti mashoko pamusoro physico-namakemikari zvechadenga zvinhu. Silver utsotso pfungwa - 960 Celsius. Kubva pfungwa nemaonero jewelers iri average. Somuenzaniso, imwe utsotso mhangura zvinogoneka pa 1083ºS goridhe inonyunguduka pa 1063ºS.

Zvichienderana hurongwa vanobatanidzwa sirivha achizosiyana tembiricha yavo. Kuti zvakarurama kuziva zvechadenga chiwanikwa, zvinokwanisika kuti kushandisa michina emirayiridzo. Chichatara solders sirivha Russian kunosanganisira kutevedzana tsamba uye nhamba. Figures munguva chikamu chakanaka simbi iri solder.

Inogadzirisa sirivha chigadzirwa, unofanira kugadzira pokunamatidza simbi, kuchenesa pemvura. Silver solder rinobvumira simba, zvakasimba majoini, husingakwanisi ngura. Kana vachigadzira chishongo kushandisa solder ine dzinopfuura 70 muzana sirivha, kana pakaitwa solder namatidza.

Kumba, zvokugadzirisa duku zvishongo yakakodzera sirivha alloys, zingi, mhangura uye cadmium. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri nokuti "novices" vachava murwiyo zvinotevera: sirivha zvikamu 45, 25 - mhangura, 30 - zinc. Kubvunda zvinoriumba rinoitwa mune imwe muffle muvira zvinoda nekubudisa. The zvichiguma muvhenganiswa dzakadururwa mugomo substrate, pashure kutonhora, iri vakayambuka rinopfungaira muchina kuwana matetetete. ukobvu kwavo hazvifaniri kupfuudza 0.5 mm. Kumba pokunamatidza zvinodiwa machira ane makubhiti 1-3 mm. Home migove zvesirivha zvishongo hakungodiwi kushandisa nziyo ane cadmium. kunokonzera simbi iyi zvinetso zvakakomba zvoutano. nzvimbo pokunamatidza pachena kuti mhepo, oxides vari aumba. Kudzivirira Fani iyi, anoshandiswa kumba migove colophon (nekubudisa). Pamusoro kunyunguduka sirivha solder kunokosha kutevera yunifomu kuparadzirwa okuyerera ari kubatwa pamusoro. Kana paine mubvunzo nounyanzvi uye yokungotaura zivo pokunamatidza kwacho, zvakanakisisa kuonana nyanzvi mutengesi.

Not pachii kushandiswa mumba nziyo ane cadmium, sezvo kwemvura zvaakanga utano inokanganisa. Kuti adzivise oxidative kwacho uye dzimwe nenjodzi zvingava kushandisa ane zvinoyerera (colophon). Zvakakosha kuti noruvara richiparadzirwa pamusoro pemvura simbi.

mhedziso

Silver brazing kunoda unyanzvi kubva tenzi uye ushingi. The aida mugumisiro zvinogoneka chete kana zvakanaka vakasarudzwa zvinoyerera sirivha solder. sirivha chinyorwa hakusi akakodzera kuti musha kugadziridza, sezvo utsotso ndeyekuti kudzika kupfuura yakadzorerwa zvinhu. Not akakodzera kushanda uye nziyo ane yakaenzana sirivha yakaisvonaka uchanyauka indekisi. Izvi zvichaita kuti kuerera panguva kunyunguduka solder.