Adjuvant uye neoadjuvant mishonga

Oncological zvirwere yepasisa rokutanga nzvimbo pamusoro nhamba yevanofa munyika yose. Zvinosuruvarisa kuitika kenza haina akaderedzwa, asi akawedzera. Masayendisiti ari kuedza kuwana nzira kurapa kenza pathologies izvozvo kwazvo kukurira chirwere. Nhasi kunze 3 nzira kurwa kenza: vavhiyiwa, mishonga uye nemwaranzi mishonga. Vose chinangwa kubviswa bundu uye kwakaderedza mukana dzokororo. Kumisa kukura masero kanganisika, rinoitwa adjuvant uye neoadjuvant mishonga. Nzira idzi dzinoshandiswa kana sechinhu Integrated kurapwa, oga (pasi dzimwe pathologies oncological).

Adjuvant mishonga - zvinorevei?

Mishonga - nzira yokurapwa. Nokuti ayo Implementation anoshandiswa cytostatic yomuchipatara zvainanga kuuraya bundu masero. Varwere kazhinji kuti: adjuvant mishonga - chii? Izvi rinoreva kuita kurapwa mushure kuvhiyiwa mapoka. Zvichienderana ichi adjuvant mishonga - chiyero zvakakodzera kudzivisa pakuzadzisa kenza. Izvi mhando kurapwa rinoshandiswa anenge anomera zvose. Rinoshandiswa kuti kenza yemapapu, mazamu, dumbu, ura dzimwe nhengo. Mishonga kwakaitwa vasati uye pashure kuvhiya. Nokuti dzimwe mhando kenza (chirwere Hodgkin vake, bundu mutsvuku mugove nemiromo, ganda), ndiro chete kurapwa.

Varieties chemotherapies

All zvinodhaka mishonga ndivo cytotoxic zvatinoda. Zvavakaita inoendeswa kusingadzivisiki kuparadzwa bundu masero. Izvi zvinoitwa munzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Kazhinji, zvinodhaka kukanganisa kwetunhu cellular DNA. Somugumisiro, izvozvo anorasikirwa kukwanisa yayo kugovera. Zvaipesana DNA usage kana kushanda kuitwa nenzira embedding kupinda mudunhu nokuputsa linkages pakati nucleotides.

Mishonga zvinodhaka vane hurongwa zvakasiyana. Vamwe vavo zvakagadzirirwa pamusoro chirimwa hwaro (medicament "Vincristine"), apo vamwe ndezvaJehovha alkylating nevasori (mhinduro kana "Cyclophosphamide" Mahwendefa). Uyewo, mapoka chemotherapeutic yomuchipatara zvinosanganisira dzakananga nemishonga, anthracyclines uye Platinum zvinodhaka. Vamiririri mapoka aya - mishonga "rubomycin", "Adriamycin". Adjuvant mishonga iri kuitwa intravenous donhwe. Mafuta uye piritsi fomu vanoonekwa kuti zvishoma kubudirire, saka kashoma kushandiswa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mishonga vari dzakabatwa intraperitoneally, kureva kupinda abdominal mhango. Dzimwe nguva tinopinda rinoshandiswa kuti intra-arterial jekiseni.

Chii mishonga iri?

Kufanana zvose mamwe mishonga, adjuvant mishonga ine zvimwe zviratidzo. Asati atanga kurapwa pamwe cytotoxic vamiririri, zvakakodzera kuitisa zvizere kuzviongorora murwere. Pashure paizvozvo chiremba anoyera nengozi uye kusarudza mishonga. Pane zvinotevera zvairatidza kuti kurapwa pamwe cytostatics:

1. Hematopoietic mapundu (leukemias). With chimiro ichi kenza mishonga ndiyo chete nzira yokubata nayo mwero masero.
2. Bundu kuti tsandanyama rinenge - rhabdomyosarcoma.
3. Horionkartsinoma.
4. Wilms bundu uye Burkitt vake.
5. Akaipa neoplasm kuti zamu, dumbu uye zvinoshandiswa, zvomudumbu turakiti, Urinary turakiti, mapapu, etc. Muzviitiko izvi, adjuvant mishonga - .. Ko wokuwedzera nzira kurapwa. It rinoitwa mushure kubviswa bundu.
6. In inoperable kenza. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kurapwa pamwe cytotoxic yomuchipatara kunogona kuderedza kukura bundu. Zvakakosha kuita kuvhiya kurapwa (semuenzaniso, ovarian kenza). Uyewo, nzira iyi ingashandiswa kuti kuderedza pamwero wokuvhiya (zamu anomera). Muzviitiko izvi, kushandisa kuti neoadjuvant mishonga.
7. Palliative hanya. Kana mazhinji siyana kenza mishonga inoshandiswa aivabatsira murwere ezvinhu. Kakawanda rinoshandiswa mune vana. Uyewo rinoshandiswa sezvo palliative hanya kenza bowel, uropi kana mutsipa.

Nzira kuti mishonga

Zvinozivikanwa kuti mishonga haakurumidzi nguva dzose rishandiswe. Kazhinji, varwere kuona pamusoro boka yaivhuvhuta zviitiko kunobva kwokubatsira cytotoxic nevamiririri. Vamwe varwere vanoramba kurapwa.

Adjuvant mishonga iri kuitiswa kosi. Ya kurapwa 3 kusvika 6 mwedzi (dzimwe nguva zvakawanda). Selection Zvechokwadi pakutsvaga chiremba yakavakirwa murwere ezvinhu. Most kazhinji kuitwa mumwedzi mitanhatu vanenge 6-7 Zvinonzi mishonga. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti kakawanda murwere anogamuchira kurapwa, nani pamusana. Somuenzaniso, mishonga inogona kwemazuva 3 ose 2-4 mavhiki. Panguva kurapwa zvakafanira nokungwarira kuongorora murwere ezvinhu. Uyewo, muedzo ropa uye nechiyero mune yokumbozorora pakati vachiravana.

Contraindications kuti mishonga

Pasinei kubudirira kurapwa pamwe cytotoxic nevasori, havana nguva dzose kuvarayira. chiremba wose anoziva kuti adjuvant mishonga inobata kwete chete bundu muitiro, asiwo kune masero utano. Zvikurukuru, rinoreva leukocytes. Vamwe zvinodhaka vane migumisiro inokuvadza kumwoyo uye nemapapu. Contraindications nokuti mishonga vanoonekwa zvakakomba zvirwere itsvo chiropa. Izvi imhaka yokuti unogona kukundikana kwemiviri izvi chakanyanya guru. Uyewo mishonga haagoni kushandiswa varwere vane nhoroondo calculary cholecystitis (matombo omunduru). Contraindications kunorapwa pamwe cytotoxic zvinodhaka kuchinja zvavo ropa. Ronga dzakananga parameters iyo kurapwa hazvibviri. Idzi dzinosanganisira: asi platelet count idukusa 100 * 10⁹, kuderera mune hematocrit uye hemoglobin. Uyewo hazvibviri kuita mishonga iri varwere zvikuru asthenia syndrome. Zvinonzi sechinhu chinogamuchirika kuti kurapwa muviri uremu makirogiramu 40 kana kupfuura.

The divi Migumisiro chemotherapeutic zvinodhaka

The kwokuomerwa ari chemotherapeutic kurapwa yacho marwadzo. Kunze kwokunze kuratidzwa nemigumisiro zvinodhaka, pane kuchinja assays. Huru divi kwepasi ichaongororwa kuva kokumanikidza hematopoietic hurongwa. Izvi kazhinji zvinokanganisa leukocyte utachiona. Somugumisiro, nemigumisiro pamusoro ropa masero machena, zvirwere anotambura. Izvi kunoratidzwa vakawanda simba, havatsigiri dzakasiyana-siyana zvirwere. Chimwe divi chaizvoizvo - zviri neurotoxic anokonzerwa nemishonga. Vamwe varwere vane mwoyo, tearfulness, hope nenyonganiso. Uyewo, varwere akashuma kuda kurutsa, kurutsa uye manyoka. Side Migumisiro cytostatic yomuchipatara kunokanganisa pakuonekwa varwere. On ongororo, kwakaratidzwa alopecia (bvudzi kurasikirwa), uye ganda akacheneruka.

kenza dumbu: mishonga

Oncological pezvakaitwa mudumbu zvinochengetwa kakawanda. Kazhinji vanokurukura pahwaro polyposis kana peptic urikanwi. The chikuru kuratidzwa gastric kenza - chinhu kurwadziwa epigastric nharaunda, ukozoro pakudya zvokudya, regurgitation. In kwokutanga nzendo kenza kwacho zvakakodzera kuvhiyiwa. Icho nhengo resection, uye pakusika anastomosis pakati yegurokuro ura. Adjuvant mishonga nokuti gastric kenza rinoitwa tisina contraindications. Kunoitawo kuti vawedzere nguva ruregerero, uye DZEMUNHU DZINODZORA metastasis. Zvinosuruvarisa, mishonga cytotoxic havasi vanobudirira kwose kenza mudumbu. Rakaratidza zvakwakanakira migumisiro iri adenocarcinoma. Iyewo akaita se chiyero palliative hanya.

Adjuvant kurapa nokuda kenza yemazamu

Adjuvant mishonga iri kenza yemazamu runodikanwa chero histological siyana kenza kwacho. It rinoitwa mushure vavhiyiwa, zvisinei bhuku wokuvhiya (mastectomy kana sectoral resection yacho zamu). Izvi zvakakodzera kudzivisa kuti metastasis masero kanganisika muna node nodes uye kure zvomukati. Mune zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko, mishonga haina mutemo unoti pakurapa kenza yemazamu. Somuenzaniso, kana bundu saizi idukusa 1 masendimita uye kwete akagovera node nodes. Uyewo nokungwarira zvinofanira kushandiswa muvarwere vaduku. In premenopausal kurapwa pamwe cytotoxic zvinodhaka rinoitwa Varwere zvose kunze vane contraindications.

Anoita adjuvant mishonga kuti Border cystadenoma?

Vakadzi vakawanda vanoziva chirwere ichi ane chikofu (cystadenoma) pakati ovary. Kazhinji, paumbwe imwe benign uye kashoma anoenda kenza muitiro. Kunyange zvakadaro, pane dzimwe mhando cystadenoma, izvo pasi akaipa kushanduka. Izvi zvinosanganisira serous pamuganhu namamota uye papillary. The zviratidzo idzodzo izvi zvingava abdominal marwadzo, kumwedzi zvirwere. Zvinowanika mune pelvic Ultrasound. kuongororwa zvakarurama kunogona chete anofanira kuitwa biopsy cystadenoma. Kana paumbwe inodiwa muganhu kushanda kurapwa, uwandu iyo inoenderana murwere zera. Adjuvant mishonga rinoitwa munyika zvisingawanzoitiki zviitiko apo ngozi zvakakwirira bundu metastasis. Uyewo zviri kuratidzwa panguva kuitazve kenza rikurumidze panorumwe ovary.

Mishonga nokuti kenza yemapapu

The inonyanya kenza ndiyo kenza yemapapu. Anotora mamiriyoni evanhu pasi pose. Adjuvant mishonga iri kenza yemapapu iri dzinenge nguva dzose kuratidzwa. Zvinokosha kwete chete pashure pokuvhiyiwa, asiwo se yakazvimirira nzira iri diffuse duku muchitokisi anomera. Dzakasiyana-siyana zvinodhaka. Pakati pavo, "Tsisplastin" mishonga "Vinorelbine", "gemcitabine" uye vamwe. Mukuru chiratidzo nokuda mishonga ndiye peripheral uye nechepakati kenza yemapapu pamwe kunobatanidza thoracal node nodes. Treatment pamwe cytotoxic zvinodhaka hakuna kuitwa chete chiitiko kufoira murwere, kuvapo decompensated chirwere, kukwegura uye 4th pavaipfuura kenza kwacho.

Mishonga chokuita kuti pave metastases

Chimwe chikuru zvinangwa kwokurapa - kubvisa metastases pamwe adjuvant mishonga. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuburikidza kuitwa cytotoxic mishonga yekudyidzana kwakaderedza pangozi bundu dzokororo. Nokuda mishonga iri postoperative nguva kenza yemazamu, yemapapu, dumbu uye zvinoshandiswa pane kwakakwana kubviswa metastases mu remunharaunda node nodes. It kunoderedza ngozi chitarisiko yavo kure nhengo. Nokudaro, kurapwa kenza Cancer kunobatsira anononoka kwacho uye mune zvimwe zviitiko - mushonga zvizere.

Reviews nyanzvi uye varwere vanenge adjuvant mishonga

Maererano oncologists, mishonga chinhu nzira hasha dzokuteerera. It kwete chete anovanza rokuzvidzivirira murwere, asi havaratidzi akashivirira nevarwere. Kunyange zvakadaro, nhasi pakurapa cytotoxic zvinodhaka ane zvakawanda positives pane minuses. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti nzira kukabatanidzwa kuti tirwise nekenza mikana yokupona kuwedzera.