Chii zvekare? Mienzaniso kushandiswa pakutaura ano

Language haana rinomira achiri. Iye muviri mupenyu, pasi mitemo shingirira kukura. Vamwe akaturikidzana hwake yekudyidzana dzakachinjwa, vamwe kwaidarika vatsva. Chokwadi, sei muitiro uye kuvandudzika vanhu (kuchinja magariro mamiriro, akanyatsorongwa), uye mberi mune zvesainzi. Kwete mukana chokuita kukura paIndaneti uye computerization of vakachengeta nokuyerera mumutauro akawandisa mashoko matsva - neologisms, barbarisms neapo (kureva zviratidzo haisati Inoziva zvakazara, kazhinji zvakasiyana wokumwe kunyora mutauro). Nepo mashoko usashanda uye pfungwa ndezvaJehovha kare. Asi havana kutsakatika zvachose, nokuti ichi chinhu anononoka muitiro. Uye chero vanhu kurarama, tichiziva kuti rinoratidza Somuenzaniso, shoko rokuti "Koshanda" kana "unyanzvi chikoro", kana unyanzvi nemabasa, izvo vanoshandisa mashoko zvisingachashandi (kazhinji hazvidi tsananguro nokuti ano muverengi muchimiro mhinduro, omuzasi, zvokuwedzera), zvachose varege kufa . Kusiya kare zviratidzo zvinogona dziya pamusoro archaisms uye historicism. The okupedzisira - Mashoko anoratidza nderechinyakare mananara uye pfungwa, zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, '' s jasi "," jasi "," ngoro "," mabharani "- nhasi hapasisina ichi mhando zvipfeko, motokari nzvimbo. No serfs uye boyars. Naizvozvo, ndizvo historicism. Asi chii, zvino, ndiye archaism? Iye zvino kubva kushandisa shoko iro rinoratidza huripo Fani, pfungwa, chinhu. "LANIT" - zvakafanana matama, "minwe" - minwe, "mutsipa" - mutsipa. Asi isu hatisi kutaura. Kuti tinzwisise zviri nani pane zvekare uye chii basa rayo mumutauro uye mabhuku, ongorora, chii maonero ake.

Kwemakore anoverengeka manzwi haana kuchinja kukosha chero kunyora, asi vari iziviswe pakutaura ano zvakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, "Music", "chiratidzo". Pashure pezvose, rechi19 kusimbiswa remakore haana apo ikozvino akati, "Music", "chiratidzo". Zviri phonetically sharuka mashoko. Uye chii kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro anachronism? Shoko iri, iro apera mumwe kana kupfuura tsika. Somuenzaniso, "asingaregi mudumbu." uri Hatina kutaura imwe chikamu muviri. Kamwe shoko iri rinoreva "upenyu." Kana "munyengeri haanganzi mukomboreri" - kamwe shoko rakanga asiri kutukwa, kutukwa, uye akataura kuti munhu kukodzera muchiuto. Ndiko, shoko akasara, asi zvino kushandiswa nenzira yakasiyana chaizvo chirevo, yakasiyana zvaanoreva.

Chii zvekare lexical kana lexical risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi? Somuenzaniso, ndiani "mbavha" mu phraseologisms "Aki mbavha usiku"? Kamwe shoko iri rinoreva "mbavha", zvino kushandiswa chete sechikamu dimikira ichi, uye apo neapo. Mbavha dziripo, asi chiratidzo iri yechinyakare. Uye pano, somuenzaniso, "ruwadzano" panzvimbo "ushamwari", "varedzi" panzvimbo "wehove" zviri anyatsooneka kwatiri, sezvo chete achinja suffixes. Izvi lexical archaisms Russian shoko-inotungamirwa. Tinonzwisisa kuti "madhora" - a "mupata", "mubvunzo" - "kumbira", asi mashoko akadai sokuti "Pudding" (zvokudya, kudya) kana "mumwe zuva" (zuva risati) kare vanoda mashoko. Kunyange zvakadaro, archaisms, mashoko zvisingachashandi (kusanganisira historicism), vachibatsira recreate pfungwa yeshoko Nguva munyori. Saka, havana kutamba basa manyorero, kunyanya kana anoshandiswa kutaura kana zvinyorwa vakararama. Kazhinji kunzwisisa zvinhu zvekare, rubatsiro uye zita (somuenzaniso, chirongwa "The Other Day" uye rinowanzoshandiswa mumakore achangopfuura shoko "pfuma" iri rokuti), uye idioms, umo mune yakatopfuura zvinhu ( "shasha" - kubva " sapanosvika "- mwero urefu). Kuti tinzwisise zvinorehwa nezita, kana idioms, tinofanira kuenda chaiwo mashoko (semuenzaniso, mashoko usashanda uye zvirevo).