Chipimo chemushonga Form

The chikuru ehupfumi pamusoro yokuSpain utachiona hwakakura uye nzira kuziva.

The causative Mutumwa yokuSpain chokuita orthomyxovirus mhuri, yakatanga voga muna 1933 ne vaongorori British WS Smith, SN Andrewes, PP Laidlaw nokuda intranasal chena ferrets yakasvinwa zvinhu zvinowanikwa varwere yokuSpain.

Muna 1940, T. Fransis uye T. P. Maqill vakazvimiririra akaratidza yokuSpain utachiona, izvo zvinoverengeka zvoutachiona zvivako zvakasiyana vakazvitsaurira muna 1933, uye muna 1947 R. M. Taylor akawana haemagglutinating mumiririri - "kugozha 1233 ", so yokuSpain utachiona, asi vakasiyana nemavhairasi voga muna 1933 uye 1940. nemavhairasi ava ne tsamba echiLatin earufabheti: A, B, C uye mumwe ichikodzera sezvo yakazvimirira serotype.

Mhuri orthomyxovirus raibva yokuSpain nemavhairasi chete inozivikanwa nokuvapo rokunze goko uye RNA tigutsikane mune idenderedzwa nucleocapsid. The yokunze nemavhairasi hamvuropu glycoprotein chinosanganisira mamiriro (hemagglutinin - neyraminidazy- H uye N), achiita rwarisa uye antigenic zvivako kweutachiwana. Gene pamusoro yokuSpain utachiona inovakwa 8 mapazi eumambo chete-nezano, ari dhayamita ari idenderedzwa rwomumwoyo ribonucleoprotein (RNP) ari kuwanda 9 nm. nemavhairasi siyana A, B, C RNP antigen chisingazivi kuyambuka Inter-mhando zvavaifunga.

Zvinonzi ikozvino kuzivikanwa kuti orthomyxovirus mhuri ine genera zviviri: yokuSpain utachiona, izvo zvinosanganisira nemavhairasi A uye B, uye conditionally yokuSpain utachiona (S. Ya Gaydamovich, 1982.).

Utachiona rinomiririrwa serotypes akawanda uye antigenic dzakasiyana, iyo yakasiyana sezvamunoita hemagglutinin uye neuraminidase. utachiwana ichi hwacho zvose vanhu nemhuka. Maererano kupatsanura itsva (1980) A hemagglutinin utachiona mhando sezviverengo dzinopiwa: 1 kusvika AND uye neuraminidase kubva 1 kusvika 8. hemagglutinin 1, 2, 3, NA 1, 2 Paaiita kazhinji utachiona Munhu uye dzimwe mhando pamusoro maantigen ( H uye n1) dzakaonekwa mu nemavhairasi kuti zvirwere mhuka (mabhiza, nguruve, mombe, tsoko, imbwa, uye siyana eshiri).

Pari netsananguro yokuSpain A nemavhairasi hazvo dzinoratidza mhando hemagglutinin uye neuraminidase, uye mazita avo havasi anoenderana Nomenclature 1971 Table. 1 inoratidza zvitsva mazita hemagglutinin uye neuraminidase yokuSpain utachiona wabatwa 1980, kana tichienzanisa chete. Human haemagglutinin ASI, hemagglutinin H1 uye nguruve NSw1 zvabatanidzwa muna hemagglutinin H1, hemagglutinin uye hwevanhu NT hemagglutinin mabhiza uye yehuku (HAV Neq 2 uye 7) yekuva hemagglutinin NC. AA Smorodintsev and said (1981) anonzi pamutemo chokubatanidza yevanhu uye mhuka glycoproteins mune imwe serotype.

Chimwe mumiririri mhando yokuSpain utachiwana ane utachiwana, vamire kusvikira 1979 ari oga genus B serotypes mu utachiwana imomo. Pane antigenic dzakasiyana mukati serotype.

Rhode yokuSpain utachiwana G rinomiririra C utachiona Mavhairasi ose genus ichi chinenge kudzidza vose mhuri orthomyxovirus. WHO Expert Group (W. Dowdle, F. Davenport, N. Fukum, 1975) yaisanganisira utachiona ichi se "riine nhangemutange" mumhuri iyi. A maitiro chepfungwa Utachiona pamberi glycoprotein kuruvazhe nevamwe. Sezvo chikamu utachiwana haisi enzayemu neuraminidase, kunyange retseptororazrushayuschy enzayemu (RRE), zvakazara Otley-aspirants kubva anozivikanwa nemavhairasi neuraminidase. Utachiona ane pasi kugona kuchinjira kumamiriro Chick mudumbu masero uye siyana muchitokisi tsika. The Âmnio chicks embryo izvozvo panguva tembiricha 33 ° C kwemazuva 3-4 ose incubation, masero matsvuku eropa regai agglutinate Guinea nguruve, taita adsorbed pamusoro pechiso huku erythrocyte. Kuti udzivise nokukurumidza elution kweutachiwana pamwe erythrocyte pamusoro, zvakakodzera serological nemiedzo hemagglutination yakaiswa pa tembiricha yakaderera.

Kana A uye B nemavhairasi hwokuratidza nokuchinja antigenic nemamiriro riparadzirwe iri vivo, nokuti utachiona antigenic kushanduka asati mavara. Zvakatsaurirwa muna 1947, 1974, 1977. wanda zvakafanana.

Ashandiswa akasarudzwa chipimo chemushonga fomu (lekform) kuchakubatsira kutsungirira siyana utachiona besa. The yasarudzwa chipimo chemushonga chimiro kuchakubatsira chete kana anosarudzwa chiremba, kwete yako.