CSS-selector, uye ayo basa formatting HTML-gwaro

Kutanga Website uye akauzadzawo zvimwe zvinhu-web page iri, vose achasangana izwi akadai CSS-selector. It kunoshanda zvakarurama kuona zvose chinobatanidza HTML-faira zvakagadzirwa dzavo uye nzvimbo papeji. Kuti aite izvi, kuumba CSS-gwaro rinotaura dzimwe selectors uye avo formatting kuita: ruvara, kukura, nzvimbo uye nezvimwewo. Ose dandemutande neemhizha vanofanira kuziva uye kukwanisa zvakanaka kupinda unodikanwa pazviridzwa. Ivo vakakamurwa mhando, chikuru yatiri kukurukura pazasi.

Mhando selectors mu CSS

Zvichienderana uko chinhu rinoshandisirwa HTML-mashoko, CSS-selector inogona kureva chimwe anotevera mapoka:

• Tag selector;
• Kirasi selector;
• ID-selector;
• kupona selector.

Tag selector

It Anonziwo "mhando selector" kana "chinhu", ndicho chinonyanya nyore uye zvakafanana. Sezvo ake CSS-Gwaro mazita chinobatanidza HTML-faira, izvo isu tsanangura. Somuenzaniso, kana tinofanira kuisa mundima manyorerwo, isu kutaridzwa zvivako uye vavo tsika kuti chinhu S. {nechokumashure: x; ruvara: y; size: z}. Muchiitiko chino, ndima yose padandemutande peji yacho vachava zvakafanana (nechekumashure ruvara, rugwaro kukura, uye zvichingodaro. D.).

kirasi selector

Uye chii kana uchida kubvunza ndima yenyu yose rakasiyana nemamwe zvekunyanyisa? Kuti aite izvi, pane boka selector.

CSS-gwaro iri nyaya kuti ane Mikova zvinotevera chimiro: p.first {ruvara: x; Kukura-kwemavara: y}. Saka, isu havatsananguri ehupfumi kuti "ruvara" uye "kukura" chete kirasi yokutanga ndima.

Mune HTML-gwaro iri nyaya akapinda kirasi chizenga zita rokutanga manyorero. Classes inogona sekuda wokugadzira uchida kushandisa kuti dandemutande peji zvinhu.

Selector ID

Kazhinji pane kudiwa ndeakaita manyorero zvakarurama, somuenzaniso munhu chinhu peji, kana kuti mharidzo yavo. Pakadaro, rubatsiro runobva ID-selector. The HTML faira kurongera aida chinhu zita rinoratidza izvozvo pakati vamwe. Somuenzaniso, mamiriro okunze kuti tinoda kuisa akasiyana nemamwe manyorerwo ichava nyaya rokuremekedza.

Zvadaro vari HTML-gwaro mabasa ari Header H1 identifier, articlename kwakadaro. Uye CSS-faira, kutaridzwa manyorerwo, kuwedzera ID zita grille: #articlename {ruvara: mutema; chinyorwa-swatanudza: pakati}. Zvino Musoro yedu achava ruvara rwebhuruu uye zvakatinakira.

Mumwe nomumwe ari pamusoro mhando inogona kurondedzerwa se "iri nyore CSS-selector". Ivo rinotsanangura formatting kuti imwe parameter yacho HTML-gwaro: pamwechete kufanana (semuenzaniso, zvose ndima nyaya), rimwe boka (somuenzaniso, chete ndima yokutanga) kana imwe chinhu (somuenzaniso, nyaya musoro).

vanoti selectors

Kuwedzera pane zviri pamusoro apa, pane CSS-selectors anoti - nzira zvakaoma zvikuru kuti chikumbiro zvekunyanyisa. Kunoitawo HTML Manyorerwo zvinhu pamusoro yasarudzwa chizenga kana kukosha. Kune akasiyana siyana selector ichi:

• nokuvapo chizenga;
• panguva yayo chaiyo mutengo;
• nokuda haasaruri chizenga mutengo;
• yacho chaiyo kukosha.

Ngatikurukurei chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu zvipenyu izvi:

1. nyaya yokutanga. Formatting parinoshandiswa, kana chipo mune imwe chizenga HTML-bumbiro (zvingava S., div, Header, etc.). Kana zvisina, rinoshandisa imwe Generic ose okunze zvidavado. Somuenzaniso, nokuti okunze ane musoro (chishandiso muromo).
2. nyaya yechipiri. Wokugadzira inoshanda chete kune HTML-zvinhu zvine chaiyo machisi pamusoro chizenga tsika. Somuenzaniso, kuti chiyamuro ari dzekuvamba, apo kukosha mhando chizenga vakaenzana pasi.
3. kana yechitatu. Under pamanyorerwo zvichaita chete zvinosanganisira zvinhu zviri pandandanda tsika kuti ane mumwe shoko. Somuenzaniso, sidebar chizenga "boka" kuti zvinhu div.
4. Nyaya wechina. Style kunorondedzerwa chete vaya zvinhu HTML-Gwaro, ane chizenga kunyanya ane zvimwe kukosha, uye anotanga naye. Somuenzaniso, kushandiswa akarongwa ruvara kuti zvinhu zvose izvo Chirungu mutauro chizenga (izvo zvinogona in, en-RUS, in-au uye t. D.).

Saka, achishandisa mumwe kana mumwe, kuti CSS selector, unogona zvakanakisisa akarongwa sezvo padandemutande peji chose, uye tsanangura zvimwe zvinhu zvayo.