Dissociation kunzwisisa yeimwe

Munyaya Mupfungwa yakazara, muchikwata "dissociation" rakashandiswa physico-namakemikari mashoko, anosarudza kuti hunhu manyowa kunzwisisa yeimwe pamusoro okunze vanobatanidzwa maumbirwo yeimwe izvi. Zvikuru vakaparadzana electrolytic dissociation, naro chinorehwa chirongwa disintegration kunzwisisa yeimwe kuti ions pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu solvent mamorekuru. Uye mumwezve, zvikuru yakazvimirira zvivako, maonero dissociation ndiwo dissociation ari dzakaoma yeimwe.

The chinoratidza izvi imhaka yokuti kutsanangurwa zvizere yeimwe vane paupamhi zvakasiyana papi rakatsiga zvinhu. Heino maonero, pakutanga kwezvose, mumwe mismatch yomunyika uye kwokunze nzvimbo fuma. The nezvimedu, izvo dziri mune zvokunze bhora, zviri kwazvo havaratidzi nechokuita zvakaoma Ion nokuti kukurukura yavo inopiwa chete pachishandiswa electrostatic mauto. Somugumisiro - vari nyore zvikuru disengaged kubva nechepasi zvinhu nenzira aqueous mhinduro.

dissociation ichi yeimwe zvakaoma inonzi chepuraimari. Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa kurimwewo zvinhu. Chief pakati pavo pamire chokwadi kuti kuitika kwokunze bhora uye inoguma anenge zvachose, uye zviri zvakafanana kwacho kuti ndiye electrolytic dissociation ari dzakaoma yeimwe. Panewo imwe shanduro yaro kosi. Somuenzaniso, kana tichichenjerera munhu reversible mutoo umo mune disintegration womukati bhora, kwakadaro muitiro anonzi ari yechipiri dissociation kunzwisisa yeimwe.

A maitiro pfuma yacho yechipiri dissociation ndechokuti kuzvivako pakati chinhu zvinhu, nechepakati Ion uye ligand akapeta ezvinhu zvakanyatsoenzana. Muenzaniso yaizova akadaro kuita. Tora mhinduro iyo rine zvakaoma Ion [AG (NH3) 2] +. Kana zvakakanganisa donhwe rimwe chloride, zvinotarisirwa kunayisa hatina kuwana. Chokwadi ndechokuti, kazhinji, kuburikidza zvokuverengera mumwe chloride pamwe kwakajairika yeimwe sirivha precipitate rinowanikwa muchimiro sirivha chloride. Zvinova pachena kuti iyi nyaya, nhamba ions zviri amoniya mhinduro, muduku. Hazvina kudaro kuti kunyange kana achitaurwa nevanopinda kugadzirisa yebongozozo chloride ions, usingasii vabudirire pachiyero sirivha solubility. Kana, zvisinei, ipapo kunoguma mhinduro Wakawedzerwa potassium ions, isu tiwane precipitate zvesirivha iodide. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti ions sirivha, kunyange iri diki zvakawanda, asi zvisinei aripo mumushonga. Precipitate, kuvapo izvo zvinoratidza kuti wevasungwa chemhinduro kwakakwanira kuti vaumbe precipitate. Izvi rinotsanagurwa ndechokuti padanho solubility nesirivha iodide iri shoma zvikuru pane kuti sirivha chloride.

Maererano nomuenzaniso uyu, zvinganzi vakagumisa kuti dissociation of zvakaoma yeimwe iri mhinduro inobva mitemo vakawanda kuita zvemagetsi okunze, uye nekuti vamwe zvinogona yakarondedzerwa zvakanyatsoenzana chenguva unoratidza mwero kusagadzikana pamusoro Ion. constants ava vakasiyana chaizvo nokuti yakasiyana Ion zvivako. Chikonzero siyana ichi rinotsanagurwa ndechokuti mashoko constants zvinosanganisira kuramba ions uye mamorekuru. The mwero wevasungwa kunogona kuva akasiyana chaizvo. Naizvozvo, ivo kuona zvakasiyana-siyana kusagadzikana constants ose ari ions.

Nokuti vakadaro kutanga sezvo dissociation ari kunzwisisa yeimwe, mamirire muenzaniso randinogara mune chokwadi chokuti rezasi wevasungwa yakawanikwa panguva zvinoitwa manyowa zvigadzirwa, akatsiga zvikuru zvakaoma mukomboni pacharo Acts, saka, kukosha kusagadzikana pakati ions zvichava yakaderera. Nezvimedu iyo mhinduro kuratidza wakakwirira rakatsiga, vane ezasi tsika kugara kusagadzikana.

Kazhinji, pane anonzi nokukurumidza dissociation of zvakaoma kugadzirisa munyika chaiyo, nekuti nhamba yacho zvivako aripo mushonga zvinosiyana. Panyaya iyi, yose kusagadzikana constants vari dzaona kuburikidza vachiwedzera tsika pakati constants pakati zvivako zvose nenzira iyi mhinduro.