Mune dzimwe runyararo inogarwa chete-celled zvinenge?

Masayendisiti anodavira kuti vagari venyika rokutanga vaiva zvinenge izvi: Archaea uye utachiona. Pasinei yayo yekare mavambo, ivo pazvakawanikwa Hakasi, nokugadzirwa, Manyiminya magnification zvinhu pasi maikorosikopu (A. Leeuwenhoek). Unicellular microorganism zvinosanganisira ukuwo, kubva sero rimwe chete, mukusiyana kuti zvipuka zvine masero akawanda. nyore mamiriro akadaro ane utachiona zhinji, dzimwe notumwe uye algae. Saka, chikamu ichi - unsystematic, izvo zvinosanganisira vamiririri vanoverengeka Madzimambo mhuka.

Prokaryotes uye eukaryotes

Wokutanga haasi kunge zvakajeka vatora chimiro muchitokisi neerekitironi nezvimwe miviri, dzakadai renyukireya hamvuropu Kamudzira uye organelles. Ivo akazviratidza panyika munguva dzekare, anonzi akati kuti makore anopfuura mabhiriyoni matatu. Chechipiri - wakaratidzwa musimboti uye protoplasm muchitokisi. Maererano pfungwa, ivo kwatova makore mabhiriyoni maviri apfuura. With zvinenge zvose kunze utachiona uye archaea - yenyukireya (eukaryotic).

dzinogarisana unicellular

Vamiririri kupfuura yakawanda unicellular zvipenyu - utachiona uye archaea. Musi mubvunzo nekwavanogara, mhinduro iri nyore: kwose kwose! Kukosha tusingaoneki izvi kuti svikiro (kana - substrate) akanga akakodzera upenyu. Uye Chikurukuru - kuvapo mwando yakakwana, mvura Kuwanikwa. Panzira, kana mamiriro ezvinhu vari vanoshorwa - hapana dambudziko: vazhinji mabhakitiriya anogona kuumba spores zvinova rinokosha kuvapo, "zvomumagaba." Mune dzimwe runyararo inogarwa chete-celled utachiona? Mumhepo muvhu, nemvura, mune dzimwe zvinenge. Funga mashoko.

Muvhu

Kana isu kutaura paruzhinji runyararo inogarwa chete-celled, ivhu ane mukuru uwandu. The manyowa, chernozem nezvimwe nevhu zviri zvakanaka substrate, pane Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kuti anokosha: zvinovaka muviri, mumwe mari emura. Panewo hapana zvakananga chezuva, asi vakasununguka tembiricha, izvo kunoita rimwe-celled dzichibudirira uye muwande. Vazhinji mabhakitiriya izvi riite rokuchinja basa zvinenge vakafa, avo manyowa munzvimbo yayo constituent zvikamu - the zvisaririra zvinhu uye yeimwe. Saprophagous (vanonzi utachiona kuti kufura mapfupa) zvinobatanidzwa paumbwe rakaorera manyowa. Zvisinei, pakati zvinobatsira utachiona uye utachiona varipo. Somuenzaniso, vamiririri tetenasi uye zvanga zvine utachiona uhu, izvo zvinogona kupinda muviri zvakasiyana siyana ganda makuvaro.

In mvura

Achitaura paruzhinji runyararo inogarwa utachiona chete-celled, tisingatauri penzvimbo mvura kufukidza vakawanda mundima Nyika. Pano vashamba kubva muvhu kunyanya. Saka, mvura, kunyanya amire, uyewo muvhu, zvingava mamiriyoni utachiona (a magiramu vashomanana mvura). Community zvakakwana uye pasina nokupopota unicellular. Pakati pavo - the causative vaishandira fivha, manyoka, korera nezvimwewo zvirwere zvakakomba kuvanhu.

Mudenga

Pano Vamiririri unicellular havasi vazhinji kudaro, asi zviri inokwana. Zvinozivikanwa kuti vakawanda zvinotapukira Kutamiswa kunyanya nokuda kuenda neherikoputa mumate. In mhepo, izvi unicellular kuwa neguruva nezvimedu uye Micro-madonhwe emvura richisimuka mhepo. Masayendisiti akawana kuti mabhakitiriya anogona "kusvika kumucheto" nenzira yakafanana kuti kumiganhu pasi muchadenga. Bad vamwe unicellular uye kunzwa zviri vacuüm it, pova zvomumagaba lifeforms - spores.

On ganda uye mukati medu

Mumwe wevanhu runyararo inogarwa chete-celled zvinenge? Mukanyiwa mabhakitiriya ari ganda kwevanhu, mune dzimwe nzvimbo yaro: muhapwa, crotch, mucous membranes. Inside avhareji mugari "mupenyu" inenge mitatu makirogiramu ose mhenyu uremu mabhakitiriya. A hondo huru pakati zvipenyu (mu quantitative mashoko - mabhiriyoni), izvo zvinogona kungotariswa. Izvi kunyanya vavakidzani ushamwari, zvichiumba microflora ane utano hwakanaka. Asi pane vamwe utachiona kuti anogona kukuvadza zvikuru, uye pasi zvimwe zvirwere.