Falsification magwaro: Chikamu 327 yemutemo weCriminal Code. Kuita kuti falsification magwaro. Mhando gwaro kubiridzira

Chitsotsi riri tsotsi chiito. Chitsotsi inogona anoitwa pakanzi (kutsiva) zvose kana chero zvimwe zvinhu papepa. Funga zvakare kuti falsification magwaro.

tsananguro

Mugore Criminal Code falsification magwaro inozivikanwa rondedzero munhu zviito. Panyaya iyi, zvinorehwa rokuti "counterfeiting" haina kutaurwa Code. Chitsotsi nyanzvi se kugadzirwa bepa kushandisa chokunyepera kukopa, Copier, nezvimiro wakasuduruka zvisiri pamutemo, ndokugadzira inoratidza, vakasaina, inoratidza. Chitsotsi kunogona kuitwa nokuita padzimwe kana kuchinja kwakakwana yepakutanga, kuparadzwa anowanika rwezuva (nokuveza, rinsing, etching, zvakawanda), achiwedzera zvinyorwa zvitsva (gluing, pinza okuwedzera manotsi).

Falsification magwaro: Criminal

Chitsotsi inogona yakazvimirira kana kuva chikamu mhosva nevamwe. Muchiitiko chokutanga, Somuenzaniso, angava falsification magwaro nesarudzo uye referendamu nezvimiro. Aine maonero kuti purofiti inogona kutambwa naro, uye ipapo kutengeswa kuchengetedzeka uye mari. Kuita venhema zvokurapa bepa anorondedzera 233 nyaya weCriminal Code. Falsification magwaro yezvokurapa hunhu, nachiremba, zvitupa zvichingodaro rinobvumira kuwana mu Pharmacies marwadzo kana zvinodhaka psychotropic. Sezvo yakazvimirira mhosva anoita chitsotsi uye kutengesa nzvimbo kana makadhi nezvimwe mubhadharo kuchengetedzeka. Izvi handizvo zvose fashoni iyo falsification magwaro. Article 327 yemutemo weCriminal Code anogovera kuranga chitsotsi, gadzira kana kutengesa zvekunyepera ehurumende mibayiro, zvisimbiso, inoratidza, nezvimiro, mapepa. Chitsotsi inotsanangurwa unyanzvi. 292.

Mhando gwaro kubiridzira

Maererano-siyana nziyo, chitsotsi anogona kuva mukuru kana chaiwo. Ari kuongorora nyanzvi yokunyepedzera dzinoratidza chii chaizvo akatakurwa falsification magwaro. Article 327 yemutemo weCriminal Code ine mazita chikonzero pamusoro zvakatemwa, somuenzaniso, njere chitsotsi. Panyaya iyi, pepa kunosanganisira zvose zvakafanira mashoko, ane nguva chimiro, asi mashoko kusimuka mairi, ndivo nhema. Uyewo, pane zvinhu falsification magwaro. Article weCriminal Code, vakarondedzera mumwe kana mumwe ari mhosva, zvingasanganisira zvizere kana kukwana yokunyepera. Uyewo, pane chikamu sezvo Bogus mapepa. Vari kwakaitwa makambani havasisipo kana zvekunyepera vanhu, kwete vanopupurirwa nesangano kana nyanzvi vane kuita.

zvakawanda

Pane nzira dzakasiyana naro akaita falsification magwaro. Erasure rinonzi zvokuimba kusukwa zvikamu acho. Kazhinji, kudzimwa chokudzimisa kana tichibvisa nebanga, chipande sitiroko, tsamba, nhamba. Kana erasures yakaputsika pamusoro rukoko pabepa, mumwe mugove waro yabviswa pamwechete chinyorwa zvinhu. Zviratidzo nzira iyi vari kuchinja Gloss, ruffled fibers, rive dete pamusoro bepa, blurring kuti ingi rakachengetedzwa pamusoro wenyaya, uye zvichingodaro. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mugove vakadzima iri Masked, mvere varnished kana chinhu rakaoma. Uyewo kuvanza erasures kungava kuramba nevanga rwezuva.

etching

nzira uyu Flushing kana bleaching makemikari: oxidants, alkalis, acids. The zvinhu kunyatsobatsira kwete chete pane rugwaro kuti dzadzimwa, asi zvakananga bepa, nechekumashure afoot uye zvichingodaro. Kana kushandisa mushonga etching achava kuoneka kuchinja gwaro mavara. Kazhinji aonekwa yeyero mavara. Kuchavawo zvinooneka chiso kusaora ingi kana kudhinda kubva pamusoro, ari kunetesa nokupenya nokurova. Ekupedzisira ndiwo mugumisiro nokupfuurira kwechirwere kwemakemikari reagent asara mupepa.

mamwe manotsi

Inguva kuwedzera graphical zvinhu yoga mashoko, vatambi, tsamba ndima. Zvimwe zvinyorwa rinoitwa, kazhinji zviri ingi, zvakafanana ruvara sezvo aivapo rugwaro. Huru zvinhu ndevokunyepedzera dzakadaro protrude kusiyana manyorero Mumagazini akafanana nhengo. Tsamba angava akasiyana kukura, ukobvu. Uyezve, zvinhu chete zita vangava zvakasiyana akanyorwa, gwaro anogona kuonekwa nevanhu vakasiyana zvikuru zvikamu, inobudisa kwamira kunyora, chiso nokuputsa mitsetse, nemichina mumitsara, Pamberi nokuvatema rwezuva uye zvichingodaro.

overprint

Ndicho kwebasa rinofanira typewritten vatambi, ndima, mashoko, zvakasiyana vanotaurwa. Kazhinji, kuchinja aya akaita mune vhoriyamu duku. Zvisinei, vanogona yekudyidzana kukanganisa zvirimo. Saka, dopechatyvaya munhu nhamba, tsamba, unogona kushandura uwandu invoices, mashoko, pakutengeserana. The chinosiyanisa zvinhu ndevokunyepedzera dzakadaro protrude mismatch chinjikira zviratidzo, kusiyana kukura uye vanodhirowa yakafanana vatambi, mavara RIBBONS madhayi.

chitsividzo yenhengo

Kazhinji, nenzira yakadaro ndokugadzira zvitupa. Mapasipoti, pemipata nemamwe magwaro inotsiviwa kakawanda kupfuura mifananidzo. Zvazviri, nzira iyi inogona kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Somuenzaniso, mifananidzo inogona kutsiviwa zvachose, zvichisiya kukamuka chitambi nezvimwewo Perekleivanie kuona peeling yokumusoro rukoko fomu mufananidzo pasi uye vakakomberedza mismatch ari kugutsikana, kukura tsamba rugwaro uye mufananidzo pamusoro anodhinda bepa uye zvichingodaro. Kana multi-peji gwaro jira kuchinja zvinhu zvinogona kusiyana kukura, mumwe akavezwa mutsetse, ruvara mimvuri. Uyewo zvinoonekwa musiyano pakati ponji nzvimbo uye clip zviri kuwanda, mumba, yaitevedzana mapeji.

chitsotsi kuti vakasaina

Tampering uyewo kana iri kuitwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Zvikurukuru, rinogona simulated (vokunyepera) nderechokwadi mharidzo, nokukopa nekushandisa zvekushandisa. Nemaziso nyepera siginicha vangazivikanwa kubudikidza nzvimbo pedyo mbonje hauna vakaprofita regadziriro unobatwa pamusoro zviratidzo imwe slowdown mu kufamba (kwamira, podrisovki kungopotsera harinzwi mitsetse).

nyepera Prints

Vakawanda magwaro anofanira vanopupurirwa kubudikidza inoratidza uye zvisimbiso, iyo pane yakananga rugwaro uye zviratidzo. Reprints ndokugadzira panache, Cliche zvaAtemisi rabha uye nezvimwe, nyoro kungatonziwo kubva yepakutanga uye zvichingodaro. Kana iwe akashandisa nokuputsanya, musimboti raundi anodhinda iri tarisa zvisaririra nebandauko nekambasi. Zvichave pachena heterogeneity kuti ndizvo uye kukura tsamba, avo asymmetrical nzvimbo hama kuti spacer zvinhu. Kazhinji, nyanzvi kuzivisa kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro uye zvivakamutauro zvikanganiso zviri murugwaro tema. Kana kushandisa ikanyanya iri dzakaonekwa reflectivity tsamba, kushaya zvimwe zvinhu. Kudzivisa kuremara ichi, kushandisa perekopirovaniya nzira. Somuenzaniso, kuororwa yabviswa ne namuka zvinhu kana zai chena, uye ipapo kureva chimiro.

chitarafu

Mitemo anosimbisa kuita kuti falsification magwaro. Kunyanya, nokuti chitsotsi kuti zvitupa nezvimwe zvitupa kupa kodzero kana asingachaiti mabasa, kugadzira kune rokutengesa unotiranga ehurumende mibayiro, inoratidza, zvisimbiso, nezvimiro akapa:

• Kurambidzwa rusununguko kusvika 2 kana 3 years.
• Kusunga nokuti 6 months.

The kudzokororwa mhosva mutemo kunopa kusvika 4 makore mujeri. Kana mugari aiziva kuti gwaro raiva nyepera, uye akarishandisa, zvingaita kugadza:

• Fine kukura 200 SMIC kana kuenzana mubairo kana zvimwe variritire nguva kubva 1 kusvika 2 months.
• Rokumanikidzirwa kana kwokururamisa basa. Muchiitiko chokutanga ravo kureba - maawa 240 rechipiri - kusvika 2 years.
• Kusunga kwemwedzi mitanhatu.