Food cheni ari dziva somunhu akatsiga mararamiro

Nutrition inoita basa rinokosha chero mararamiro. Zvokudya itsime simba kuenderera mberi dzinotsanagura zvipenyu upenyu. Nokudaro, mumwe nomumwe zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza mamiriro kuumbwa cheni chikafu. Kana chaunoti navo, tinowana zvinotevera: kana trophic chikafu cheni - ndiro ukama pakati nemhuka, zvinomera, Micro-zvinenge panheyo "zvokudya - nevatengi".

The Chimiro yakareruka. Vamiririri zvinotevera kubatana zvinenge kufura yapfuura kubatana. Kazhinji, nhamba Links inosvika 3-4, uye chete kwazvo kashoma - 5. Supply Chains mumvura, kunyanya yakachena, zvakazara kuwira pasi trophic uye anogona kuva nezvezvikwata zviviri.

Types nengetani chikafu

Food cheni munharaunda dziva anogona kuva nezvezvikwata zviviri. Wokutanga rinosanganisira mafuro, wechipiri - detrital. Vose Mhando ngetani zvokudya vari rakakamurwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana siyana. First kugara vaburitsi - miti iyo zvinodya rezuva simba. On rechipiri pamwero pane chikuru vatengi - mhuka kuti upise chirimwa zvokudya. Wechitatu Danho inogarwa yechipiri vatengi - mhuka, iyo ukuparadze chete rastenieedov uye tupukanana zvikuru vatengi. In wechina vari decomposers uye consuments rechitatu kurongeka - zvikara, utachiona hwacho uye utachiona.

Painenge chikafu cheni ari dziva vari maitiro nokuti rokumusoro akaturikidzana, uye detrital - kusvikira pasi. Asi zvakajeka hazvibviri kuvaparadzanisa - ivo, kufanana zvose zvakasikwa zviri zvinodyidzana. Asi chero redunhu vakanga vasipo panguva mararamiro, nokuti hakuna Kazhinji. Mumwe trophic pamwero (chikwata) dzakawanda simba kuti wefodya zvokudya, anopedzera tirambe sevamwe upenyu.

Food cheni ari mudhamu. mienzaniso

Chero muviri mvura zviri nyore kupa muenzaniso zvikuru nyore cheni zvokudya. Funga mararamiro kweLake Baikal. Nokuda vakasiyana kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka iri mvura redunhu dzinoturwa maonero akawanda. Nekuti ivo dyidzana, zvimwe zvinoumba anogona kutsiviwa mumwe zvinhu. Trophic cheni mudziva huviri - epipelegial uye batipeligial. Wokutanga pamwero akavamba iri mumhenderekedzo yegungwa mumvura uye nokusanganisa migove akaturikidzana, kuti hunhu pasi mapazi wechipiri.

Producers (chikuru kubatana) ndiwo marudzi akasiyana algae. Konsumentami epishura anoita wokutanga hurongwa. Izvi kwakadai planktonic crustaceans makabuda huru nevatengi phytoplankton uye algae, uye ndiye zooplankton. Epishura anoshumira zvokudya chinotevera kubatana - consuments hurongwa wechipiri. boka iri zvinosanganisira macrohectopus (zooplankton) uye omul mumatanho ose kukura. Asi kana hove uchapedza chikuru chete vatengi, uyewo unoparadza vaburitsi makrogetopus. Uyewo, crustaceans aya zvokudya omul, steers, golomyankas nezvimwe hove. Kwokupedzisira chaikosha ndechokuti chisimbiso, iyo Unopisa vamiririri yapfuura chechetere.

Detrital cheni chikafu

Chero nyanza, dziva kana gungwa vaine pakadzika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana nharaunda. Detrital cheni zvokudya dziva kuti mune mvura mbiru chisingazivi kuwana chiedza chezuva. Sezvo mugadziri ndizvo zvisaririra zvinomera nemhuka mavambo. By vatengi wokutanga kurongeka ndivo crustaceans uye yakadzika gungwa hove, uyewo utachiona. Ava kazhinji detritophages consuments zvokudya wokutanga uye chechipiri kurongeka trophic zvitengeswa redunhu.

Variability mune zvinhu zvipenyu

Zvinenge zvisingaiti kuwana mutumbi mvura, munyu kana mvura yakachena, umo kubatana nerimwe chuma zvokudya chaizoshatiswa anomiririrwa marudzi mumwe chete emhuka kana zvinomera. mararamiro kwakadaro kuparara nokuti kusavapo chimwe chinhu kunoita kuti munhu chidzivaidzo simba romugove redunhu dura. Kana mumwe Link izere vanoverengeka mhando mhuka kana zvinomera, kuti hurongwa akatsiga, sezvo pasina chinoumba anotsiviwa kana vaisanganisa nomumwe. rimwe gore nhoroondo rakasiyana nhamba vanhu Annual vemo. Uye chete nemhaka-siyana kwemarudzi hapana chidzivaidzo pamusoro cheni zvokudya uye kuparadzwa zvinhu zvipenyu.