Formic acid

Formic acid (E 236, methanic acid) pakati pe monoacids (yakazara) inotanga. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaenzana, iyo chinhu chinenge chisina mvura. Kemikari inomira ye formic acid HCOOH.

Pamwe chete nemasitadhi ayo, zvinoratidzawo unhu hwealdehydes. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nechimiro chezvinhu E236.

Muzvisikwa, chinhu ichi chinowanika mumucheka, masingano, michero, njodzi dzinokonzera uye nyuchi uye mumasvosve. Formic acid yakatanga kuwanikwa uye yakatsanangurwa muzana remakore rechi17. Chinhu chacho chakawana zita rayo, nokuti chakange chakawanikwa mumasvosve.

Kazhinji, chikamu chacho chinoshandiswa senhengo ye antibacterial uye yekuchengetedza mukugadzirira kwekudya. Iko makemikari e-formic acid anononoka kuora uye kuora maitiro. Ndiko kusaka silage nemafuta zvinorapwa neiyo zvinhu zvinogara kwenguva refu. Chinhu chacho chinoshandiswawo mukurapa. Mukudaya mvere (mordant), sekudzivirira bhuni yekuchenesa ganda, apo kurwisana nyuchi nemapasititi, formic acid inoshandiswa se solvent mune zvimwe zvingaita.

Mikemikari yezvinhu zvinoratidzwa ivo pachavo zvichienderana nehutano. Maererano nehutano hweEU, nehuwandu hwehuwandu hunosvika 10%, hunotyisa, zvinopfuura 10% zvinopisa.

100% formic acid (mvura) inosangana neganda inokonzera kupisa kukuru. Izvo zvinoitika kunyange kunyange zvishomanana zvayo mumatambudziko akadaro pachivharo zvinokonzera kurwadziwa kwakanyanya. Nzvimbo inotarisana inotanga kuchenesa kutanga, sekunge yakafukidzwa nehwarfrost, inobva yava seya. Pasi penzvimbo yakatsva, mhiri mutsvuku inoumbwa. Iyo asiriya inokwanisa kukurumidza kupinda nepakati pemafuta echando, saka zvinodiwa kuti ugeze pakarepo nzvimbo yakakanganiswa.

Mhepo yakanyanyisa yakakosha inogona kukonzera kukanganisa kumhepo uye maziso. Nenguva yakajeka kupinda mukati, kunyange mune fomu yakanatswa, methanic acid inokonzera zvikuru necrotic gastroenteritis.

Muviri unokurumidzira kushandura uye kubvisa zvinhu. Zvisinei, pamwe chete neizvi, E236 uye formaldehydes, yakagadzirwa nemethanol inouraya, inokonzera zvipembenene mumutsara wemagetsi, izvo zvinotungamirira kupofu.

Mishonga yeanthrax inonzi inoumba. Kupisa nekwakanyanyisa sulfuric acid kunotungamirira pakuparara kweE236 kuH2O uye CO, iyo inoshandiswa kugadzira carbon monoxide.

Mumamiriro emabhizimisi, formic acid inowanikwa kubva sodium hydroxide uye carbon monoxide.

Nzvimbo yekubikira yezvinhu izvi ndeye 100.7, nzvimbo inopisa iri 8.25 degrees.

Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, E236 inodonha mu carbon monoxide nemvura. Maererano neuchapupu hwekuedza, methane asidi yakakwirira nesimba revhiniga. Zvisinei, nemhaka yekukwanisa kwepakutanga kukura kwekukurumidza, inoshandiswa se solvent kazhinji.

Zvinotendwa kuti E236 ibasa rakawanda kwazvo. Pakati pekuedza, zvakawanikwa kuti kugadzirwa kwemishonga yemvura yakashandiswa kushandiswa kwemahydrating reagents hakubviri.

Hazvibvumirwi kutaurirana formic acid nemhepo ine mhepo.

E236 tsvina yakakura kupfuura 99% inogona kuwanikwa kubva mumvura yakanyanyisa kuburikidza nekushandisa mapeji maviri-distillation achishandisa asiyric acid. Yokutanga distillation inobvisa huwandu hwemvura. Zvasara zvinenge zvine 77% yezvinhu. Nekudzikisa kwayo, 3 kusvika 6 nguva yakawanda ye butyric acid nenzira yesayotropic inoshandiswa inoshandiswa.

Pakuzarura chigadziko neE236, kutarisirwa kunokosha kunofanira kutorwa. Paunenge uchichengetedza formic acid kwenguva yakareba, dambudziko guru rinogona kuitika mumudziyo.