Graben - nayo ... Chii grabens, uye sei vari akaumba

Munyaya ino Ngationgororei mubvunzo chokuita zvakasikwa. Chii angabira uye sei vari aumba? Uyewo, achitarira mberi, teererai kusiyana of graben - a Horst.

Chii graben

Graben - a sagging chikamu pasi goko, iyo yakaumbwa somugumisiro tectonic mhosva uye anomira pakati vanomutswa migove.

Grabens kazhinji kuitika sezvo pamusana tensile mauto kunhivi vanomutswa munyika munzvimbo. Pasi zvinoitwa ivhu subsidence kunoitika uye Dip dombo idzodzo.

Pamwe micheto ari graben kuonekwa akareba zvikamu, izvo inoumbwa kuunganidza dzinoita itsva, dzinonzi "pamapapiro graben."

Kureba inogona kusvika makumi shoma kana mazana makiromita - pahupamhi. Kupfuura akazivisa uye anozivikanwa grabens vari East Africa. Vari chiri achitevedza madziva Tanganyika, Victoria, Nyansa. MuRussia, chikuru graben - ndiye Barguzin dhishi, wamashekeri Lake Baikal.

Munyaya yedu ino kuti rezuva pakukura graben - Valles Marineris, riri Mars. Reason Education - kuputika basa.

Chii chinonzi Horst

Horst - iri Dzinotangazve pamusoro chinogumbura zvikanganiso zviri goko, paumbwe somugumisiro tectonic kufamba.

Hama pemvura zvitatu mhando Horst:

1. Vachida - pemvura pamusoro munharaunda yose iri tilted rimwe divi.
2. Wedge - pane stepwise kuderedza pasi.
3. Yaitsigira divi - ruvhesi zvikanganiso kana zvikanganiso musiwa rumwe rutivi chete.

Horst kazhinji zvinobatana kuti kusika makomo sandara misoro. Kureba Kazhinji kunosvika navamazana, uye upamhi - makumi makiromita, kureba - zviuru zvishomanana mamita. Pachena mienzaniso ndivo Horst gomo siyana muSpain Sierra Nevada gomo siyana kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero Germany Black Forest.

Kokutanga rokuti "Horst" wakatangwa muna Geological nesayenzi muna 1873 maererano yeAustria Edward Suess. Kutaura mashoko ake, graben - negomba, Horst - chikomo.

vagadzirisane

Vagadzirisane - Linear chinjikira guru mwoyo panyika nechepasi. Kazhinji, chine dzegirini, achitora nzvimbo huru kwenharaunda.

Kune mhando mbiri vagadzirisane munyika dzine - Oceanic uye Continental.

The mugumisiro wokutanga pakuona yakaumbwa magma achibva pakadzika Pasi pamusoro penyanza pauriri. Magma pasi kumanikidzwa kusandudzira vanachandagwinyira lithospheric mahwendefa, somugumisiro izvi aumbwa muduku Oceanic goko.

Continental vagadzirisane munyika dzine vari inoumbwa nokumutsa pemvura plumes (kupisa nguo), uye kuputika basa kunoitika rive dete uye ndichisveerera pamusoro Continental goko. rifts kwakadaro kungaita kuti paumbwe imwe munyanza itsva. The East African vagadzirisane ezvinhu, kureva muna kure mudunhu, mune dzimwe nzvimbo vakaumba Oceanic goko mudiki.

Rifts, iyo yakamira kukura uye haina ikava munyanza, akadana aulacogens. Kazhinji, munzvimbo dzakadaro vakaumba deposits kuti zviwanikwa. Somuenzaniso, Devonian Donetsk Kutsauka chikuru wemarasha.

Kazhinji ibatanidzo Horst-graben - munhu aulacogene.