Gwara Way - zviri ... History of zvakawanikwa, characterization, mamiriro

In zera redu, yokubatidza nemazana dzemagetsi, vagari guta havagoni kuona hweGwara Way. Fani iyi, kunoitika muna denga yedu chete pane imwe nguva yegore, iri kuchengetwa chete kure zvikuru vanogara nzvimbo. In latitudes edu zviri kunyanya dzakanaka August. Mumakore Mumwedzi muzhizha Gwara Way hunopfuura penyika muchimiro hofori yokudenga Arch. Ichi simba, diffuse chiedza ubvise denser uye chaipenya Kutarira yakananga Scorpio uye Sagittarius, uye paler uye vakapararira - pedyo zvinyamutanhatu Andromeda uye naPerseus.

akatisiyira chakavanzika

Gwara Way - ichi chinhu chinoshamisa chakajairika, rakavanzika kuti asina azarurirwa vanhu yose tambo emakore. The rengano mazhinji avanhu rainzi zvakasiyana. Amazing sokupenya akanga asinganzwisisiki Star Bridge raipinda muparadhiso, Dear Gods Vekudenga nemashiripiti rwizi, vakatakura mukaka raMwari. Panguva iyoyo marudzi ose vaidavira kuti hweGwara Way - chinhu chitsvene. Radiance vakanamata. In rukudzo kwaari kunyange vakavaka temberi.

vanhu vashoma vanoziva chokwadi kuti yedu Christmas muti chiri ungira kunamatira vanhu vaigara pamazuva akare. Pashure pezvose, munguva dzekare vaitenda kuti hweGwara Way - ndiye akabatana wezvose, kana kuti World Tree, izvo ripen pamusoro mapazi nyeredzi. Ndokusaka pakutanga wegore kutenderera, uye yakapfekedza Christmas muti. Ndewevhu huni kutevedzera aigara zvibereko miti kudenga. Kupira uku akapa tariro nyasha vanamwari uye goho rakanaka. Saka mukuru aiva kukosha hweGwara Way madzibaba edu.

zvekungofungira nesayenzi

Chii hweGwara Way? History of kuwanikwa Fani iyi ine anenge 2000 apfuura. Plato akadana kanyika ichi chiedza musono, unobva zvomuchadenga hemisphere. Kusiyana neizvi, Anaxagoras uye Demoksid aidzidzisa kuti hweGwara Way (chinhu ruvara, tichakurukura) - kuti chiedza nyeredzi imwe mhando. Iye chindori denga usiku. Aristotle akadzidzisa kuti hweGwara Way - chinokosha chomwedzi mumhepo redu yemapuraneti pedyo-mwedzi yemandorokwati mhute.

It nevamwe zvekungofungira zhinji. Saka, weRoma Mark Manily akati kuti hweGwara Way - renyeredzi miviri duku yokudenga. Ndiye aiva pedyo chokwadi, asi kuti asimbise zvekungofungira zvavo panguva apo chete akashama ziso vakarinda denga, akanga asingakwanisi. Vanotsvakurudza All yekare vaifunga kuti hweGwara Way - ndiyo chikamu renzou.

Panovhurwa Galileo

Gwara ake muchivande Way akazarura chete muna 1610 akabva akazogadzira wokutanga teresikopu kuti Galileo Galiley uye kushandiswa. The akakurumbira musayendisiti akaona tambo, kuti hweGwara Way - kuungana chaiwo nenyeredzi, izvo kune vasina ziso akabatanidzwa kuva kuramba zvakaneta flickering nomuzariro. Garireya akanga kunyange kukwanisa kutsanangura heterogeneity yechivako chacho chehondo.

Rakanga kukonzerwa pamberi Chiitiko kwete nyeredzi masumbu vokudenga. Present ipapo, uye nerima. Tikafunga zvinhu izvi zviviri pave mufananidzo chinoshamisa zviitiko usiku.

Kuvhura William Herschel

Kudzidza hweGwara Way, uye akaramba muzana remakore rechi18. Munguva iyi ndiwo basa mutsvakurudzi Vilyam Gershel. Rinozivikanwa Munyori uye muimbi, mubasa zvaAtemisi materesikopu uye vakadzidza nesayenzi chenyeredzi. Anokosha Kuwanikwa Herschel akava zano guru zvakasikwa. Masayendisiti akaona yemapuraneti teresikopu uye dzikabereka kukarukureta avo akasiyana zvikamu dzedenga. Ongororo vakagumisa kuti hweGwara Way - rudzi Star Island, iri riri zuva redu. Herschel kunyange wakavhomora schematic urongwa buri raro. The Nhamba nyeredzi hurongwa zvakaratidzwa sezvo guyo, uye akanga yakakumbira mugari chimiro. Zuva panguva iri mukati mhete ichi yakapoteredza nyika yedu. Ndiko kuti redu renyeredzi vaiva masayendisiti ose kusvikira pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore.

ari 1920s chete vakaona chiedza basa Jacobus Kapteyn umo hweGwara Way anorondedzerwa zvizere. Panyaya iyi, munyori yakapiwa akatisiyira chitsuwa redunhu, sezvo chakafanana munhu anozivikanwa kuti panguva ino. Nhasi tinoziva kuti hweGwara Way - ndiye Galaxy, ndicho chikamu zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri, Nyika, uye avo munhu nyeredzi dziri chaioneka akashama ziso kwevanhu.

The mamiriro emapoka

With kukura sayenzi yokuongorora zvomuchadenga materesikopu kuwedzera simba uye ane simba zvikuru. Panguva iyoyo vakawanda zvakajeka chivako yaiitwa enyeredzi. Zvakazozivikanwa kuti havana kufanana mumwe. Pakati pavo vakanga zvakaipa. mamiriro avo vasina symmetry.

Vakacherechedzawo renyeredzi elliptical uye zononoka. Marudzi api aya nezvokunetseka hweGwara Way? Izvi redu renyeredzi, uye kubva mukati, kusarudza chimiro chayo kunzwisisa chaizvo. Zvisinei, masayendisiti akawana mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu. Zvino tinoziva kuti ndiyo hweGwara Way. Kutsanangura kukapiwa vaongorori kwatemwa kuti Disc ichi vane moyo yomukati.

General unhu

HweGwara Way ndorwevaya renyeredzi zononoka mhando. Saka ane hombe jumper akatisiyira ezvinhu kwakabatana pamwe rinokweva nemauto.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti hweGwara Way chakavapo anopfuura mabhiriyoni gumi makore. Ndiyo nguva apo iri boka renyeredzi rakaumbwa nyeredzi anenge mabhiriyoni 400 uye mapoka enyeredzi, pamusoro chiuru hombe kukura gaseous nebulae, amazambiringa uye makore.

Chimiro hweGwara Way kunonyatsooneka kuonekwa pamepu wezvose. Pamunenge muchikurukura zvinova pachena kuti ichi nyeredzi sumbu rimwe Disc ane dhayamita akaenzana 100 zviuru. Makore Light (rimwe gore chiedza kwakadaro makiromita gumi tiririyoni). Pakukora nyeredzi sumbu - 15 zviuru, uye kudzika -. About 8 zviuru chiedza-makore ..

How rinorema ndiyo hweGwara Way? It (tsanangudzo pakurema kwayo - wakaoma chaizvo basa) hazvibviri kuverenga. Matambudziko anoita vakatsunga vazhinji rima nyaya chisingazivi kushamwaridzana remagetsi nemwaranzi. Ndokusaka nyanzvi haagoni zvakajeka kupindura mubvunzo uyu. Asi pane mafungu Masvomhu, maererano izvo Galaxy uremu anoda kubva 500 kusvika bhiriyoni 3000 kwezuva vakawanda.

HweGwara Way rakafanana mitumbi yose yokudenga. Anoita chimurenga kumativi ayo akabatana, zvinofamba zvose. Vanodzidza nezvenyeredzi zvinoratidza kwemashifiti, zvichida hachina kurongeka zvachose kufamba kwedu renyeredzi. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nokuti mumwe nomumwe wayo nhengo nyeredzi gadziriro uye nebulae ine yayo, rakasiyana nemamwe nokukurumidza, uyewo siyana uye marudzi kutenderera.

Ndezvipi zvinobatanidza ari hweGwara Way? Musimboti uyu mabhiriji, dhisiki uye zononoka maoko, uyewo korona. Ngationgororei navo zvizere.

moyo

Chikamu ichi hweGwara Way iri muna renyeredzi Sagittarius. Chinoumba itsime isiri chafariz nemwaranzi, une mamiriyoni gumi inegumi tembiricha. Nechepakati chikamu ichi hweGwara Way ndiye chisimbiso, rinonzi "kuzvimba". Hazvina tambo rose nyeredzi, iyo zvinofamba nenzira elongated muchadenga. In dzakawanda yokudenga miviri upenyu kutenderera idzi kusvika kumugumo.

Nechepakati chikamu musimboti hweGwara Way ari supermassive dema buri. Izvi nzvimbo mugove ane uremu akaenzana uremu suns mamiriyoni matatu ane giravhiti simba. It inotenderera imwe buri dema, chete duku. Hurongwa kwakadaro kunoita zvakadaro simba regiravhiti munda kuti vari pedyo enyeredzi uye nyeredzi kuti sangano iri nzira isina kujairika.

Nhongonya hweGwara Way, pane zvimwe zvinhu. Saka, zviri kwese kuti Sumbu nyeredzi. Zvino kure pakati pavo iri kakawanda madiki pane kuti kuchengetwa arikunze dzidzo.

Chimwe dzinonakidza ndechokuti, nokucherechedza vamwe mapoka enyeredzi neerekitironi, vanoongorora nyeredzi vanoti sokupenya ravo rakajeka. Asi nokuda kwechikonzero hakusi kuoneka Gwara Way? Vamwe vanotsvakurudza kunyange vakaratidza nokufungidzira kuti kusavapo muboka redu renyeredzi neerekitironi. Zvisinei, kwakati kwatemwa kuti mune zononoka nebulae rima layer vari amazambiringa yomuchadenga guruva uye gasi. Ikoko vari hweGwara Way. Idzi huru nerima uye musapa munhu pano mucherechedzi kuona sokupenya musimboti. Kana dzidzo yakadaro hautadziswi earthlings, tinogona kuona musimboti muchimiro wakaisvonaka ellipsoid, uwandu iro kusapfuudza dhayamita ane zana kwemwedzi.

Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu vanhu vakabatsira materesikopu ano, anogona kushanda zvakananga kumatunhu ari remagetsi mwaranzi chakarondedzera. With ruzivo urwu ano, rinogona circumvent guruva nhoo, masayendisiti vaikwanisa kuona chinoumba hweGwara Way.

jumper

nhengo iyi hweGwara Way chinoyambuka nechepakati mugove uye ane kukura zviuru 27. Light-makore. Bridge ine mamiriyoni 22 tsvuku nyeredzi anoyevedza zera. Around inotungamirwa uyu gasi mhete, umo murwiyo ine guru chikamu samolecular okisijeni. Izvi zvose zvinoratidza kuti zambuko hweGwara Way ndiwo mugove umo zvikuru zvakawanda fomu nyeredzi.

dhisiki

Iri fomu pachayo hweGwara Way, riri rusingaperi rotational zvitange. Sezvineiwo, mwero izvi kunoenderana chinhambwe chikamu core. Saka, mumwoyo zviri razero. Kure kubva chinoumba muchiedza-makore zviuru zviviri kutenderera nokumhanya 250 makiromita paawa.

Chokunze divi hweGwara Way runopoteredza zvakaturikidzaniswa mabhomba rehydrogen. ukobvu wayo 1.5 zviuru chiedza makore.

At kumucheto Galaxy nyanzvi padzakacherechedza kuvapo gobvu masumbu gasi ane tembiricha 10 zviuru. Grade. Ukobvu idzodzo dzakadaro chiuru chiedza-makore mashoma.

Five zononoka maoko

Izvi zvimwe chikamu zvikamu mumwe hweGwara Way, iri zvakananga seri gasi mhete. The zononoka maoko vakayambuka enyeredzi Cygnus uye naPerseus, Orion uye Sagittarius uye Centaurus. Izvi inotungamirwa vanoiswa yazara samolecular gasi. sezvamunoita akadaro anoita ndakakanganisa vachishandisa kutenderera Galaxy mitemo.
The zononoka maoko dzinobva kuna akatisiyira chinoumba chacho. Ndivo chinhu tinoona pamwe akashama ziso, achidana chiedza kuzosunungura hweGwara Way.

The zononoka zvombo projected pane mumwe, zvichiita kuti zviome kunzwisisa mudziyo wavo. Masayendisiti zvinoratidza kuti dzisimbe aya kuumbwa nokuda kwe hweGwara Way hofori kuwedzera mafungu uye compression yomuchadenga gasi, izvo kufamba kubva chinoumba kusvika Galactic disk.

korona

HweGwara Way ane idenderedzwa denderedzwa rechiedza. Ichi korona yake. Izvi zvinosanganisira paumbwe yoga masumbu nyeredzi nemapoka enyeredzi. Uyezve, mashoko idenderedzwa denderedzwa rechiedza kukura vakadaro kuti kunosvika mhiri miganhu muboka 50 chiedza-makore.

Sechikamu korona hweGwara Way vari, sezvinoita mutemo, yakaderera guru nyeredzi uye vakwegura, uyewo zvipfupi mapoka enyeredzi anamasumbu inopisa gasi. zvinhu zvose izvi kuti kufamba elongated kutenderera kumativi musimboti, vachiita runobva kutenderera.

Pane pfungwa, maererano izvo zvinoonekwa korona waiva mugumisiro wacho Absorção de Água hweGwara Renzou diki. Maererano vanodzidza nezvenyeredzi, makore denderedzwa rechiedza anenge mabhiriyoni gumi nemaviri.

Location nyeredzi

On a mudenga risina makore usiku, hweGwara Way kunoonekwa chero pfungwa yedu. Zvisinei, Zvinoonekwa munhu inowanikwa chete chikamu Galaxy, inova nyeredzi gadziriro iri mukati Orion ruoko.

Chii hweGwara Way? Nokududza nzvimbo dzose nhengo dzayo hunowedzera zvinonzwisisika kana tikafunga nyeredzi mepu. Muchiitiko chino, zviri pachena kuti zuva inopenya panyika, riri rinenge riri Disc. Izvi zvinenge pamucheto renyeredzi, apo kure musimboti akaenzana 26-28 zviuru. Light-makore. Kufambira ari kumhanya makiromita 240 paawa, chiedza inopedzera imwe votendeuka musimboti mamiriyoni 200 makore zvekuti vose nguva chokuvapo kwayo kwave akafamba mhiri dhisiki, vakagumisa neerekitironi, matatu nguva.

Redu iri dzinonzi corotation denderedzwa. Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo kutenderera kumhanya nyeredzi maoko uye akafanana. Nokuti denderedzwa ichi kunoratidzwa yakakwirira kwevari nemwaranzi. Ndokusaka upenyu sezvo masayendisiti anodavira, chete aigona kuitika panyika, pedyo iyo panova nhamba yenyeredzi.

Izvi zvakanga redu uye Earth. It iri arikunze ari renyeredzi, iri rakanyarara waro nzvimbo. Ndokusaka Pasi ichi kwemabhiriyoni emakore, pakanga pasina yose dambudziko, izvo zvinowanzoitika zvose.

Kushurudzira remangwana

Masayendisiti zvinoratidza kuti mune ramangwana zvikuru fungidzira kudhumhana pakati hweGwara Way nemamwe mapoka enyeredzi, remasangano unova gwara rinonzi Andromeda. Asi panguva imwe chete kutaura zvakananga pamusoro chinhu hazvibviri. Izvi zvinoda ruzivo kwakakura pamusoro transverse velocities pakati extragalactic zvinhu, iyo vaongorori vanhasi hausati kuwanika.

Muna September 2014, imwe zviitiko mienzaniso yakabudiswa vezvenhau. Maererano naye, ichaitwa kwemakore mabhiriyoni mana, hweGwara Nzira Magellanic makore Sechipanji (Large uye Small), uye iye achava mumwe makore mabhiriyoni chikamu gwara rinonzi Andromeda.