Harrow disc inoratidzika, chikamu uye inofamba. Harrow disc: pfupiso, tsanangudzo, maitiro uye kuongororwa

Kutanga-kudyara ivhu rekurima hakugoni kufungidzirwa pasina tsvina-yekurima yekurima iyo inokwanisa kuita mabasa akawanda panguva imwechete: kuenzanisa ivhu remhepo, kusunungura pasi, izvo zvinodzivisa kuoma, kuputika uye kuparadzwa kwemasora. Iko kune mitatu mikuru miitiro yezvirongwa - dombo rakadzika, mesh uye dzino. Iye zvino mhando yekutanga ndiyo yakakurumbira mune zvemazuva ano zvekurima, sezvo ine zvigaro zvinobatsira, izvo zvinoderedza mari yekutsika uye kuwedzera kubatsirwa kwebasa.

Disc harrow urongwa

Izvo zvakagadziriswa nehutachivha zvinowanzobatanidza mapuranga matatu - imwe yepakati, iyo yakagadzirwa netambo yekutsvaga yekubatanidza nemitambo yekutengesa, uye maviri gareal, yakagadzirirwa zvinhu zvekushanda - disks. Disks dzine chimiro chekugadzirisa uye dzinounganidzwa zvikamu zvakasiyana - mabhatiri. Nhamba yekucheka zvikamu mubhateri rimwe inosiyana uye inogona kusvika kune gumi kana kupfuura. Mimwe mienzaniso inenge yakagadzirwa nemagetsi asingakoshi kana kuti zvinyorwa - zvose zvinodaro pane dhiri re disc richashandiswa.

Zvinhu zvakagadzika zvakagadzirirwa muzvikamu kuitira kuti zvikwanise kuenderera ndege. Mabheteri ari pakati payo uye fomu inobatanidza nenzira yehanji kuitira kuti zvigone kuchinja shanduro yekurwisa-iyo ngano pakati pekutungamirirwa kwekufamba uye madhidhi. Kwose pane imwe tsvina inogadzirirwa kubva ku 4 kana kupfuura.

Pfungwa yekushanda

Chirwere chinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa zvidimbu munzvimbo dzose dzenyika, sezvo dzinokwanisa kugadzira denga remvura yakakwirira - anenge 25-40%, uyewo ivhu nevhu rakaoma zvisingasviki 3.5 MPa uye huwandu hwemashonga ehutu hunenge 60%. Kubudirira kwepamusoro uye kusanganiswa kwezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi, maererano nenyanzvi, inotsanangurwa nemutemo wekushanda kwayo, iyo inosanganisira pane zvinotevera:

1. Inotungamirirwa netraction terekta, tsvina inodonha inopinda muvhu rakavhara kusvika pakadzika masendimita 4-14.
2. Munguva yekufamba kweiyo disks inotanga kushanduka, ivhu revhu rinowira pamusoro penzvimbo ye concave, iyo inopera, uye mushure mekuwa - inotendeuka.
3. Panguva imwe chete nekutangira kwegadziriro, mhedziso yakakosha yeinonzi incisors inotemwa nemidzi yemiti yemasora.

Panguva yekushanda, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti dzose disk dzinobata pasi zvakasimba. Chengetedza chirwere ichi usati watanga kurapwa, kuisa iyo midziyo panzvimbo yepamusoro. Kana chimwe chekucheka chikamu chisati chasvika pamusoro, ipapo hupamhi hwacho hunotariswa uye kana hwakasakara, hunoshandurwa.

Kubatsira kwema disk harrows

Kusiyana nemagetsi nemashandi emakona, disk aggregates haisi kungosunungura ivhu chete, asiwo zvishoma nekutendeuka. Mune izvi vanofanana ne diski loschilnikami. Zvimwe zvinobatsira izvo tsvina inenge ine, vashanduri vanodana:

1. Ive hupfumi hwehuturi mukugadziriswa kwenharaunda kuburikidza nekuderedza kupikisa pasi.
2. Kuderedza dambudziko rekukuvadza kune zvinhu nezvipingamupinyi - zvinotungamirira zvinongovafambisa.
3. Izvo zvakadzama zvekupinda mukati mevhu rakavhara.
4. Self-cleaning cleaning discs, iyo inobvumira kushandiswa kwemichina nemhando ipi neipi yevhu.

Iyi midziyo yakawana mukurumbira wakawanda nekuda kwekuvimbika nekubudirira kwakakura. Chikwata chakakura-chema, pamwe chete nechitsikiti chine simba, chinokwanisa kushandiswa kusvika mahekita makumi manomwe emunyika.

Mhando dzakasiyana dze disk harrows

Disc discs rinoshandiswa nehuwandu hwezviratidzo. Yokutanga yeiyi ndiyo mhando yekutengesa nedhidhiyo yekushandisa (tractor). Zvichienderana neizvi, zvakapatsanurwa kuva mushure uye kubata. Rudzi rwekutanga rwezvigadzirwa zvekurima rine muhutano hwaro hwokutsigira mavhiri, iyo iyo yose yakagadzirirwa. Zvinobatsira zvekugadzirisa iyi ndezvokuti zviri nyore kutakura. Iyo disk yakagadzika hinge inosara chete pazvinhu zvinokonzera - disks - uye zvinoenderana zvakananga nechitakata. Izvo zvinoshandiswa pane zvigadzirwa zvakadaro zvinosanganisira kuoma kwakaoma munguva yekufambisa, uyewo muhupamhi hudiki: panguva yekufambisa urongwa hunobuda pamusoro pevhu uye hunobatwa chete nehutano hwakasimba neatakiti.

Iko kunewo maikirwe akaenzana akabatanidza zvinhu zvemaviri maviri apfuura - ane mavo akatsigirwa mavhiri ekusimbisa uye ane mashizha akaenzana.

Kuenzanisa kwema disk harrow nekugadzira

Zvichienderana nechimiro chemugadziro, zvitatu zvikuru zvema diski midziyo dzakasiyana. Chokutanga chazvo chinomiririrwa ne-yose-metal frame - dzose tsvimbo, hukama hwehutano hwakabatana nehutano hwakasimba.

Mhedziso yechipiri inomiririrwa nezvigadziro zvezvikamu. Pano, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chechigadziro chinosangana nechepamusoro pechando nemakona, izvo zvinobvumira kuti kuiswa kunyore panguva yekufambisa. Uye iyi inonzi harrow dis trailed inowanzogadzirwa nekombiji ino - izvi zvinokubvumira kuderedza nzvimbo yeuniti panguva yekufambisa kune chinhu.

Rudzi rwechitatu runomiririrwa nemagadzirirwo anovaka - paanosvika kunharaunda yekugadziriswa inovaka yakaungana kubva kune dzimwe nhengo, yakafanana nemuvakisi. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti iwe ugadzire chinhu chakakura kudarika panzvimbo iyi, asi panguva imwechete hachidziviri kutakura.

Kugovana

Kazhinji tsvina dzinoshandiswa sechikamu chetambo hwakawanda hwekugadzira midziyo - mbeu, varimi, mapiro. Uye iyo inonyanya kudiwa mimwe midziyo, iyo inowanzoshandiswa nejeri doro rinorema, inoshandiswa. Izvi zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirirwa kuita basa rakasiyana-siyana:

• Smooth trample pasi pasi mushure mekuberekwa;
• Nyore yakagadzirisa zvidimbu zvakadzika uye panguva imwecheteyo isunungura zvinyorwa zvepamusoro;
• Zvipfeko zvine spikes zvinoputsa pasi guru mavhavha;
• Bhari kana mazhendi akavhara mapeji chete ehutano hwakasimbiswa.

Izvo zvigadzirwa zvinowanzoonekwa zvinowanzobhurwa uye zvakananga, nekubatsirwa kwehinge, inogadziriswa nehumuro hwemugadziro weharo. Vanogona kusungirirwa pamhando ipi zvayo yekushandisa, kusanganisira BDT (heavy disc harrow). Kubatanidzwa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemari kunogona kuderedza mari yekugadzirisa ivhu rakasvibira, kuderedza nguva yakatarwa uye kugadzirisa mhinduro yakanaka.