Hostel - chii ichi? zvichireva

"Munhu anozvarwa kusvika hostel", - rinoti rinozivikanwa aphorism. Chii yokugara rinonzi neshoko iri uye chii vari chinosiyanisa zvinhu? Ngatidzidzei zvakawanda nezvazvo.

Shoko "hostel" iri XVIII-XIX emakore

Mumazuva ekare, rokuti "munharaunda" rakashandiswa nenzira yakasiyana kupfuura anoita nhasi.

Chii? Kuti uone ichi, tarisai shoko "hostel" iri Dictionary "Forgotten uye mashoko akaoma XVIII-XIX emakore." Ichi chakasimba shanduro hostel inonzi "mano wacho kuzvibata nenzira wenzanga yakabudirira." By panzira, pfungwa iyi izwi iri yokufungidzira Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina kuti "Eugene Onegin".

Modern lexical zvinoreva shoko "hostel"

Chete Dictionary kukanganwa mashoko uye zvakaoma emakore akapfuura anotaurwa mumwe kududzirwa rokuti pasi pakudzokorora. Saka pazita iyi yekare inonzi muupenyu, muupenyu. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti dudziro iyi yaiva "akaoma musoro" uye zvishoma kugadzirisa akaramba ari XX remakore.

Saka, pamwe veMubatanidzwa simba Soviet wayo Constitution okuti "hostel" ukoshi vawana "dzemunharaunda evanhu upenyu" uye "mamiriro choupenyu hwezuva nezuva."

Kunyange zvazvo nhasi dudziro iyi kweshoko richiri kushanda, ruzhinji mutauro wokuRussia vanhu kunzwisisa pasi zita iri zvimwewo. Zvinenge akura ose uye mwana anoziva kuti muhositeri - nzvimbo pfupi vapenyu pamwe vadzidzi, vashandi, mabhizimisi vafambi uye vamwe vanhu vasina pokugara kwechigarire yavowo.

Zvinokosha kuona kuti mune chaizvo XVIII-XIX emakore nzvimbo vagari venguva duku panguva zvikoro zvedzidzo inonzi "zai".

Rakatanga pazita

Zita iri riri pakutanga Russian uye asina analogues mune mimwe mitauro necheSalvic. Saka muna wokuUkraine kureva ichi mhando pokugara akashandisa shoko "gurtozhitok" mu Belarusian - "іnternat" iri wePolish - Schronisko, uye muna Czech - ubytovna.

It akaumba rokuti "hostel" riri pamwe nemashoko maviri: ". Mhenyu" "mukuru" uye Zviya, nokuti chikonzero ichi, kana zviri pamusoro kuongorora zvakamisa hurongwa ari morpheme pakarepo kusunungura midzi mbiri: "Society" uye "Mai", zvakabatana vakataurirana interfiksom "e".

anoreva zvakafanana

Zvatakurukura zvinoreva "nharaunda yevanhu" yayo mavambo, zvakakodzera teererai kusarudzwa anoreva zvakafanana nokuti.

The inonyanya analoginen ichi izwi ndiye rokuti "dhomitari" cognate naye. Kazhinji ichi kwakafanana mashoma yaizivikanwa mumvuri uye kakawanda kwete kushandiswa zvitupa.

Somunhu analogue shoko "nharaunda yevanhu" ndechokuti zvinogona kushandisa mashoko okuti "musha" kana "kugara" - asi havagoni kuita zvizere kuritsiva nguva dzose.

Zvichienderana kuti imwe sangano anorondedzera dhomitari sezvo analogs zvinoshandiswa rokuti shoko iri "yemauto" (kuchikoro kana zvimwe zvivako zvechiuto) kana "skit" (kuchechi chechechi).

Kana imwe inofanira chazezesa, zvino sezvo anoreva zvakafanana kuti zviri bvumidzwa kushandisa emazita akadai "bako" kana "bako".

Kana isu funga shoko rinoshandiswa mupfungwa yetsika uye tsika, zvinokwanisika kusarudza anoreva zvakafanana nokuti: "upenyu hwezuva nezuva" kana "upenyu".

Features hostels

Aongorora kukosha rokuti "hostel", zvinokosha kuti tiongorore muudzame yacho zviri ichi yokugara, uyewo maonero ake, mitemo, zvokudya zviripo mutemo.

The chikuru chinoratidza dzakawanda dzimba idzi ndechokuti vanhu vanoverengeka vanogara mukamuri rimwe chete. Vakawanda Resettlement kunoitwa pasina panyaya ushamwari hwavo kana ukama hwemhuri (kunze mhuri dzokugara). Saka, mumwe ugere hostel iri nzvimbo chete-mubhedha uye mukana netariro chimbudzi, kicheni, mbatya uye zvimwe zvakafanana "tajaira".

Pasinei nzvimbo nzvimbo wemuTesitamende imwe chivakwa, iri pasi neimwe kana chikwata zvacho zvakafanana chimbudzi, yokugezera uye kicheni. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, rimwe mitambo kamuri, yokurovedza muviri, mbatya mukamuri uye raibhurari.

Kazhinji, pekugara haapi kodzero mupenyu nzvimbo, uye ayo privatization. Zvisinei, ichi rinoshanda chete kuti mitemo yacho Russian Federation. Pashure pezvose, maererano nomutemo wokuUkraine kuti privatize mukamuri muhositeri kunogona, kunyange zvakaoma chaizvo kuita saizvozvo. kurambidzwa izvi pamusoro munharaunda Russian Federation nokuti rimwe zvivako izvi ndohwavo wacho masangano (chikoro, fekitari, reuto uye zvichingodaro. P.) Uye hakusi zvaiita pfuma. Panyaya iyi, vomumuzinda dzavo vari tsika dzinenge simba, uye chero nguva anogona kudzingwa nharaunda. Nemhaka iyi inosuruvarisa chokwadi muupenyu, vakawanda dorm vanogara kuonesesa navo kwenguva pfupi pokugara uye zvachose hanya nokugara kwavo zvakanaka. Somugumisiro, paavhareji hostel (mufananidzo pazasi) anotarisa -shata chaizvo.

Kunyange zvazvo nyaya uye kufara anosiiwa mutemo uyu anosuruvarisa.

Square wokuyera mu hostels muRussia uye Ukraine

Mundima imwe neimwe State, apo pane chinhu chakadai kune "hostel", pasi dzimwe mitemo kugara navo.

Saka, maererano mitemo Russian Federation, mumwe dhomitari aivamo zvinofanira dzinounzwa kanenge 4,5 mamita ² nzvimbo.

Asi maererano Ukrainian mutemo, nzvimbo iyi zvishoma hombe - 6 mamita ² chete ugere mumba, uyewo kubvira 5 m ² muKiev.

mhando hostels

Kune mhando dzakawanda ichi yokugara. Zvose zvinoenderana sangano kuti icho ndezvaJehovha, uye kubva, akaverenga pane vagari:

• Student Residence - iyi ndiyo imwe mhando dzakawanda yekare dzimba, rwakatanga kubva Middle Ages. Kazhinji, izvi ine ari hostel makamuri vanhu 2-4 (uye dzimwe nguva zvakawanda), yakatorongedzwa ane mubhedha uye dhesiki. dorms aya anopiwa kuti nonresident vadzidzi yakazara uye chikamu-nguva siyana panguva yavo kunodzidziswa. Ndapedza chikoro chesekondari kana kudzingwa mudzidzi rwoga asunungurwa kubva hostel uye haana kodzero iyi mhenyu nzvimbo, kunyange dzidziso.
• Small-mhuri hostel - ndiwo kamuri, riri basa mhuri imwe chete kana imwe mugari. Hazvina podselyayut kunze, sezvo zvinoitika kumabasa uye mudzidzi hostel. Mukuita kudaro, nenzvimbo achiri isina zvimwe zvivako zvisingachinji privatization.
• Vashandi 'hostel - munhu dzimba kushandiswa kuti vatorwa tsvimbo imwe kambani. Pakati zvose zvinoridzwa - ndiko muduku hwomutambarakede. Kazhinji, muimba yacho hostel kurarama kubva zvina makumi maviri vashandi. Panyaya iyi, padanho kutsvinda munzvimbo idzi kunogona dzimwe nguva kuva akafanana hotera (nyeredzi maviri), kunyange iri kunze pane mutemo.

The kamuri marongerwo mhando dorms akakamurwa nechigumbuso uye koridho.

dorms uyewo vari varume, vakadzi uye vapenyu pamwe chete.

Kusiyana hostel zvaiita mufurati

Kana kubva zvatinosiita mufurati kana private imba hostel kunoratidzwa yokuti pane kugara pamwe vavasingazivi navo vane kugovana kicheni, mokugezera uye mukoridho, zvadaro zvaiita navo duku zvikuru kusiyana. Asi ivo varipo.

Chokutanga, vari dhomitari wacho ndezvevanhu kana mubhedha mumwe kana nzvimbo. In netariro furati munhu kana mhuri yose inogona wakaiswa makamuri akawanda.

Chimwe chikuru uye chinokosha kusiyana zvingangoguma vagari zvaiita Apartments yakatengwa munzvimbo chaiyo inogarwa achigara - kuti privatize nayo. Chii chinogona kuitwa pamwe mukamuri muhositeri, maererano Russian mutemo (zvinogoneka muUkraine).

Kunyange zvazvo yokugezera uye kicheni ari zvaiita Apartments vari Akagoverawo pachavo chete vanhu vashoma, kazhinji sechinokosha pamusoro magetsi neimwe "mufurati" yavo. Uyewo zvaiita kazhinji vaparadzana mumwe pamusoro burner ndiro, kicheni nemidziyo okuchengetera nharaunda. Nepo hostels kashoma kuisa vakaparadzana counter mukamuri rimwe. Kana vanhuwo kicheni, kazhinji kwenguva yakatarwa kicheni anenge gumi makamuri uye kuudza burners uye nedzimwe nenhumbi zvisingaiti ane mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro.