How kushandurira bytes kupinda megabytes uye shure?

Nhasi upenyu hwedu zvakaoma kufungidzira pasina makombiyuta. Zvinowanika kwose kwose. Shoko "ikakuruma", "byte", "megabytes" vava chikamu hwedu. Vanhuwo vanowanzoshandisa navo vasingazvizivi kunorevei uye kuti kunzwisisa mumwe.

Bits, kilobits ...

Pane tsaru anecdote. Musiyano uri pakati munhu wose uye kombiyuta nyanzvi? Wokutanga chokwadi kuti mumwe kilobyte 1000 BYTES, uye yechipiri - mu kilogram - 1024 magiramu. Uye zvinoitika vanhu kazhinji vanobvunza, uye chii, mune chokwadi, wosekwa. Zvakanaka, patichanzwisisa unobvepi tsoka kukura, uye uone sei kushandura bytes mu megabytes kana mune dzimwe dzakabatana akawanda.

Ikakuruma - zviduku chairema binary mashoko. More chaizvo, ayo uwandu. Izvi zvinoreva mashoko pamusoro mumwe maviri inoti ari chinhu. Somuenzaniso, mureza / hapana chiratidzo, wechokwadi / venhema, 1/0, uye zvichingodaro. G. Kubva Chirungu zita kunoitika rutapudzo bi nary digi T ( "binary") = wedzeredzei. Uye "ikakuruma" rinoreva chimwe digit ari binary remitemo. Muchiitiko chino, mumwe grade digit anomiririrwa somunhu razero kana mumwe, somuenzaniso sezvinoratidzwa tafura. Izvi zvinonzi "binary hurongwa nhamba."

Sezvinogona kuoneka, nhamba 0 uye 1 vane mufananidzo chete uye grade deuce ane matomu maviri - 10. Zvino masere - mana (1000).

Uye chii kilobits?

Kushandiswa kupfuura kwakapararira ino nhamba maitiro kuwanikwa zvemichina kombiyuta. Kunyanya, binary nhamba akashandiswa nokuwanda digitaalinen nendangariro.

Heuno muenzaniso. Kuwanda zvose zvinobvira kero pamusoro kero bhazi akaenzana chero nhamba mbiri mune pamwero N. Kana zvimwe - 2 ^N. Pano, N rinoreva nhamba nhonga bhazi. Ko isu kuona? Kuwanda masero ari muyeuko Chip akaenzana mumwe kana mumwe mwero 2. Zvino - kunyange kunakidza. Number 2 ¹⁰ = 1024 iri pedyo chaizvo 1000. Panguva iyoyo, zviuru kushandiswa sehwaro nokuda grade prefixes. Naizvozvo, 1024 matomu vainzi "kilobits". By Fananidzo pamwe churu giremu kana churu mita. Ndinoyeuka anecdote, kuratidzwa pamusoro.

BYTES uye matomu

Of kombiyuta sainzi anozivikanwa sezvinotevera. "BYTES" (sna. Byte) anonzi chekuchengeta Unit, uye kubudiswa digitaalinen mashoko. Rinomiririra uwandu nematomhu panguva kupatsanurwa kombiyuta. Chinhu chaiwo.

Modern makombiyuta vanoshandisa byte zvinosanganisira 8 matomu. Somugumisiro, zvingatora 256 (2 ⁸⁾ tsika dzakasiyana.

Kutendeutsa bytes kuti megabytes, chete kuita. Svomhu nokuti kirasi yechitatu: 1 kilobyte = 1024 bytes. Yeuka pamusoro February ^10? A 1 MB = 1024 KB (m. E. 2 ^{@ 20} = ^2x10 2) = 1048576 bytes.

mafomu

Kakawanda, bytes inoshandiswa makombiyuta, uye matomu - mune mashoko hutachiwana network. Kazhinji, nokuti velocity nekuyera.

Heuno muenzaniso. Ethernet samambure inopa munhu umbowo mwero iri kuwanda 10 Mbit / s 1 GB / s. More zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, sezvo mutemo, BYTES runotaurwa tsamba "B" (kana Latin «B»). "Bit" uye zvakanyorwa. The chivakashure "churu" anoratidza "K" tsamba. Zviri guru pane lowercase. A duku "K" kuchinzi zita grade chivakashure "churu", kureva March ¹⁰ = 1000. Zvino funga zvakadzama mubvunzo inotevera.

Binary uye grade prefixes

How kushandurira bytes kupinda megabytes, zvakawanda kana zvishoma yakajeka. Mukutanga 1999, rinozivikanwa sangano IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) muhombodo wokufambisa binary chivakashure kuti aumbe akawanda zviumbu uwandu mashoko. Chikonzero ichi chaiva nhamba napedyo 1024 uye 1000. Saizvozvowo, kwakajairika grade prefixes akashandisa SI ezvinhu, binary akasiyana chete nokutsiva yokupedzisira mabhii mu "bi" (kubva muchiLatin binarius - binary). Zvinoita sezvinoratidzwa tafura pazasi.

Mureza nevamwe nyika zhinji, asi akapinda mazita anoshandiswa zvishoma kakawanda, kunyanya kunyora uye nomuromo - anenge kumbobvira. How kuwana nokuda cacophony. Pamwe izvozvo. Uchibvuma kuti kilobits zvinoita zvinofadza pane kibibit uye megabytes nani kupfuura mebibytes.

Kushandura bytes kupinda megabytes zvakajeka. Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose. Saka kure, pane nzira mbiri kuti paumbwe multiples info. Kuti mubvunzo kunyanya kuvhiringidza ndiwo zvingani vari 1 megabyte pamusoro bytes.

The rokutanga kusvika

.. In the chivakashure "churu," "Mega," etc. anoshandiswa senzira binary nokuda zvinotevera nyaya:

• The faira maneja nezvimwe Software panguva rakapfupikiswa faira saizi marongero. Somuenzaniso, purogiramu inoshuma kuti zvinyorwa saizi iri 10 MB. The klassiske nzira uchatamisa bytes mu megabytes, funga kukura izvo akaenzana 10485760 bytes. The faira mamaneja ichangopfuura zviitiko asangana mureza dimensioning - kushandisa rakapfupikiswa binary prefixes, zvakadai MiB (MiB).
• Manufacturers anongoitika kuwana ndangariro, nokupenya ndangariro makadhi, mavhidhiyo ndangariro.
• CD-ROM vhoriyamu anopiwa chete binary megabytes.

The wechipiri kusvika

Pano inonyaradza anoshandiswa ari grade zvinotevera nyaya:

• Hard uye Manyiminya Zvifambiso. Inzwi ravo vatungamirire grade megabytes. Kunze: CD, ane vanokwanisa unoratidzwa binary.
• Informal kutaurirana. Panyaya iyi, zvinokosheswa nehasha vakagumisa. Somuenzaniso, bhuku vanenge mamiriyoni 10 bytes kuti faira chingataurwa kuti "anoyera" 10 megabytes. Chii tinoona pano? Panyaya iyi, iyo bytes mu megabytes Kutamiswa handizvo zvachose, asi kutaurirana kuri kuitika.
• Pakunzi telecommunication chokuita nokukurumidza. Somuenzaniso, tora 100BASE-TX mureza. Mariri 100 Mbit / s date zvazvingava anoenderana mamiriyoni chaizvo 100 matomu / s. Ngatimboonai zvimwe "nimble" remubatanidzwa ane 10 Gbit / s (10GBASE-X mureza). Yakafanana chaizvo 10 bhiriyoni matomu / s. Ndizvozvo. Uye kwete zvishoma zvikuru kana zvishoma.

Asi aine-padiki matatu floppy disks 1.44 MB (rangarira avo?) Aiva kunyange kunakidza. Kukwanisa kwavo unoratidzwa binary-coded grade megabytes. It rakagadzirirwa sezvinotevera. Mumwe "megabytes" akadaro akanga akaenzana 1000 KiB, riri inenge 0,977 MiB, asi panguva imwe chete 1 KiB equaled 1024 bytes.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pane musiyano pakati izvi zviviri zvokusarudza pasi inomunyaradza. Paaiva nyaya kilobytes haina kupfuudza 2.4%, ipapo nokuda megabyte iri 4.9% kusvika GB kare - 7.4%, uye nokuda terabyte - anenge 10%. Zvechokwadi, kwete nyasha binary mapato. E. "kuba" Vagadziri edu bytes. Somuenzaniso, kutenga chakaoma nemotokari inokwana 1 TB. Sezvo munhu adzidza kombiyuta sainzi, imi sevatsvene kudavira kuti pane 1099511627776 bytes. Uye zvinoitika - "chete" 1000000000000. Kureva, iwe "akarumwa chose" anopfuura mabhiriyoni 99,5 bytes (anenge 98 GB). A mugove kana zvishoma? Nehasha - kubva renguva urefu mafirimu 40 kusvika 200, zvichienderana format. Hapana akati chii? E., sezvo zvakanyorwa pamusoro, chegumi.