JSC "SeAZ": kare, zvinogadzirwa

JSC "SeAZ" (SeAZ) ndicho chikamu chikuru ouinjiniya kambani iri Moscow mudunhu. Kambani specialized kweShanduro muwiricheya sidecars, motokari duku "Oka" uye kupembedza nhengo. Nhasi, ari conveyor anomiswa, uye kambani akataura kusauka.

hwaro

History SeAZ inotanga muna 1939. Musi waJuly 7, vanhu Commissariat pamusoro zvokuimba okugadzira asarudza kuronga muguta Serpukhov mudhudhudhu kugadzirwa. Sezvo firimu nzvimbo okudhindira akaratidza zvakaoma kujeri pamusana yevana, vakazochinja akura zvakazara pamwero chirimwa.

Vachiita Director Potapov chirimwa uye Chief injiniya Kovalenko akarairwa kutora varambe Implementation purogiramu "rokuvakazve" basa uye ngaateme hwokugadzira mapepa mukati memazuva mashanu. Hurumende vakakumbira gore kubereka kusvika 15,000 duku-misha midhudhudhu, kurimwa haana vakapakata chero yakakodzera midziyo kana vakadzidziswa vashandi.

Zvisinei, muna 1940 motley chikwata zvinosanganisira akawanda rakabvongodzwa kuyaruka, ndakakwanisa kuunganidza kunovhenekwa ane experimental batch mangé pamusoro midhudhudhu MZL ngaatevedzane maviri motokari. By June 1941, kambani yakabereka 180 vamapoka midhudhudhu kare A8 yokutevedzera pamwe mana-injini. Pakuzadzisa pagadzirwe munharaunda iyi kwavatadzisa hondo.

makore hondo

Muna October 1941, mukuru simba uye nhamba yevashandi unyanzvi akabviswa kune Urals. Part of kugadzirwa hwakatamisirwa muguta Tyumen, chechipiri - muna Izhevsk. At itsva nzvimbo yave vakarongeka mauto mudhudhudhu gungano mienzaniso AM-600, uyewo nyaya mamwe kudzivirira zvigadzirwa. Mushure vaNazi akarambwa Moscow, muna December 1941 musi SeAZ mukombe rakarongwa yokugadzirisa midhudhudhu nokuda hondo.

patani chikoro

Muna 1943, State Committee Kudzivirira akasarudza kudzorera motopromyshlennost. Industry centre akazivisa Serpukhov. Pano kuti sangano iri Central Design Bureau of mudhudhudhu takatumwa vakakurumbira vagadziri kubva Izhevsk: IG Gusakov, kwavatumwa Mamai IY Nikiforov I. V. Ponyatovsky, S. Safonov, V. I. Lozhkin, G. A. Veyner uye V. M. Crow.

By 1946, pahwaro SeAZ vakaumba simba magadzirirwo experimental pakati. Kusvikira 1951, kambani unoshanda sezvo mutyairi wendege kugadzirwa CDB.

Kubva midhudhudhu kuti microcar

Zvinosiririsa nhaka rokupedzisira hondo yaiva vazhinji vakaremara. Kuderedza dambudziko ravo uye kuvabatsira mune rokuchinjwa uye kusangana kupinda vanhu, Central Clinical Hospital muna 1951 dzakabudirira uye rakatangwa kupinda kugadzirwa mavhiri matatu ngoro S1L.

Kubvira panguva iyoyo, huru zvigadzirwa SeAZ vave motokari kuti rokuchinjwa vakaremara. Sidecars Design inongogara kuitwa akavandudzika. Muna 1957, nyanzvi kugadzirwa S3L wokuenzanisira ine injini kupfuura simba, uye muna 1958 akatanga guru-ungano-mutsetse kugadzirwa mana mavhiri ngoro C3A.

Kubvira muna 1970, chirimwa unobereka microcar S3D ane zvose-metal monocoque muviri, urwo rwakatora kusvikira kusunungurwa 1995. Total kubvira 1953 kusvika 1995 yakabereka 572 000 sidecars siyana akatevedzana uye kugadziriswa.

Kuwedzera motokari wevakaremara, muti unobereka mutengi nhumbi:

• Zvevana bikes "The Moth", "Crumb" uye "Hummingbird";
• Trailers nokuti mutakurwi motokari;
• nehana absorbers nokuti rinorema midhudhudhu Irbit Motor Plant uye Kyiv.

Kugadzirwa mota

The vaunganidza Zvakaitika kugadzirwa mana nemavhiri sidecars akazova kwazvo chishandiso kukura kugadzirwa "motokari diki". Mune wokutanga hafu 80s. CDB SeAZ akakudziridza uye kugadzirwa prototypes vane mari tsindirana motokari, izvo akazopiwa zita "Oka".

Order of Minister of motokari indasitiri V. N. Polyakova kubva 25.04.1982, wechiduku zvikwata vagadziri of Volga uye Kama Automobile Plant, uyewo Serpukhov Motor Plant, mhosva pamwe kukura motokari akaitwa mukirasi kwazvo duku. Active kuita majaya vagadziri vachitora SeAZ: N. D. Rakov, A. P. Popov, N. A. Pavlov, SM rustle AN Galanin achitungamirirwa Deputy Chief injiniya kureva Ivenskogo.

25.06.1985, USSR Council of Vashumiri akapa simba kugadzirira mukuru mavhoriyumu paungano kunozivikanwa "duku motokari" AvtoVAZ mafekitari, KamAZ uye SeAZ. Serpuhovchane rwendo rinonyatsooneka gadziridzo wekambani nhoroondo. A nezvacho pagadzirwe 10,000 motokari gore negore nemhaka rwakafara pamwe, kuva Volga motokari uye "Giproavtoprom".

Production powertrain uye kudzinga pamberi mavhiri akarayira Vaz, kugadzirwa dzakabatana uye guru chassis punching - KamAZa zvinomera. Anoteya zvikuru ano rwokugadzira zvinogadzirisa, kusanganisira pakusikwa kugona nokuda priming kubudikidza cataphoretic deposition ari pendi kugadzira uye Welding marobhoti vari Mutumbi kusanduka zvaitika dzaFord. KweDzimba itsva kugadzirwa uye okutarisira-mhuri kwakavakirwa, rokuvakazve kare zvirimwa.

Zviri nguva

Check SeAZ rokuvakazve akanga ari mutsva mamiriro ezvoupfumi kuti kugadzirisa, hwokuratidza hyperinflation, kushaya achishandisa kudzivirira emakambani mukuru kuderera mukurima. Rinoshandurwa kunokosha chirimwa panguva iyi, hwokugadzira uye zvinhu rutsigiro AvtoVAZ, achapedzisa vavakezve uye kuronga vanobudisa kugadzirwa mumotokari ano. Zvisinei, vari pamusika kugadzikana, Anonyanyowanika kushandiswa ita mutengano, kugadzirwa hauna unoratidzwa, uye zvakanga maturo.

Nemishonga basa, nesimba kwakaita chikwata kuna 3000 zvidimbu kukura motokari kurimwa muna 1996 kusvika mamiriyoni 18 muna 2001 uye kusvika zororo-kunyange kushanda muna 2000. In Mumatsutso 1999, boka raunganidza 50,000th motokari, 4.09.2002 gore - zana kuzviuru. The zvoupfumi ra2008 vasanyanya ari dzemari kambani. 22.02.2009 pamusoro SeAZ akatanga kusauka zvekufamba. The anosuruvarisa kutapwa motokari vaRafa. Nhasi photos SeAZ anokonzera kuora mwoyo, asi kana chinhu chiri chipatapata kushanda upenyu.