KuChelyabinsk: nhamba uye unhu vagari

KuChelyabinsk - moyo Eurasia. guta rino maindasitiri anozivikanwa nguva siyana. Zvino, zvichida, hazvisi kwayo yakanaka nguva, asi zvinofadza kuti vanhu vayo uye nhoroondo. Tiudzei vanhu muna kuChelyabinsk chii, chii chinoshamisa vanhu ava neguta.

History of ugari

KuChelyabinsk Nhoroondo yacho yakatanga kusvika 1736, apo panzvimbo Bashkir mumusha wakaradzikwa nhare kudzivirira nomugwagwa kubva Trans-Urals kuna Orenburg. Zvishoma nezvishoma, Castle akava guru remauto muzinda pano kugadzirisa Cossacks, vanoshingaira mubasa nyika upenyu. Kunyanya, muna 1812 hondo kuChelyabinsk Cossacks akaratidza rebei heroism. Muzana remakore rechi19 guta anorarama upenyu hwakadzikama pakati County. Izvi kusvikira kusvikira pedo neguta kuwana ndarama-kubereka tsinga. Izvi akaparirwa munhu chaiyo "goridhe nhokwe", uye zvakaguma guru guta karwizi vagari vatsva.

Zvishoma nezvishoma, kuChelyabinsk, ane nhamba iri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, kuva chikuru zvoupfumi muzinda mudunhu. Izvi kugadzira njanji, guta akazarura manufactory uye zvokutengeserana dzimba. Kuwanda vagari iri kukura nokukurumidza. Wechipiri sezvo inotambudza nguva muupenyu kweguta kwakaitika 40s, kana pane kuzarurwa mashoma guru maindasitiri mabhizimisi. Mune 50s remakore rechi20, guta riri modernized, izvozvo akazarura pano zvikoro mashoma. Pakazopera yaitonga Soviet Union kuChelyabinsk yakabereka zvinopfuura hafu esimbi munyika, yakawanda pombi uye mugwagwa mota. Perestroika kumwedzi zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti chikamu kugadzirwa vakaurawa, asi 2000, mamiriro ezvinhu ari zvishoma nani.

Climate uye zvakatipoteredza

Guta kuChelyabinsk, kukura yatiri kukurukura, iri munzvimbo yacho Continental okunze. It kunoratidzwa chando chakanyanyisa uye kupisa muchirimo. Paavhareji chando lämpömittari ikasawira kubvisa madhigirii 17, uye vanomutsirwa +16 muzhizha. The guta inowira mwero kunonaya, kunze chaizvo muupenyu.

Asi ikoroji guta kunosiya zvakawanda anodikamwa. Vakawanda maindasitiri emakambani zvikuru kusvibisa mhepo. KuChelyabinsk chairwo chepfungwa nzvimbo - ndiro kusvuta nenyere. Ecological ezvinhu rinoita kumbonyanya yokuwanda zvirwere zvakasiyana mune vanhu, uye upenyu anotarisirwa mupfupi National avhareji (Makore 70).

uwandu hwevanhu emuchina

Vanenge kubva panheyo dzaro chaipo kuChelyabinsk, vanhu kwakanga dzaona nguva dzose, aigara pasi vagari okuverengwa. Muna 1795 maigara 2.6 zviuru. Man. Muna 1882, kwaiva 7,7 zviuru kuChelyabinsk, uye pashure pemakore 15 -. Anenge 15 zviuru. By 1905 yevanhu veguta yakapetwa kaviri, kunyange pashure pamakore 10 asvika dimikira 67,3 zviuru. Muna 1939, zvichikonzerwa kwemaindasitiri, guta rakakura 273 zviuru vagari. Muna 1976, kuChelyabinsk aiva pakati pamaguta. Panguva perestroika nguva paiva zvishomanana kuderera kwenhamba kuChelyabinsk, asi mamiriro ezvinhu anenge richaparadzwa kure nokukurumidza. Muna 1994, kuChelyabinsk, uyo vakawanda vakatanga kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, yaisanganisira vanhu mamiriyoni 1.15 pamusoro. Chimwe chiitiko kuderedza uwandu vagari rakanyoreswa munguva kubvira 2002 kusvika 2007. Munguva ichangopfuura, vanhu vanenge 10 zviuru gore vari yebhasera kuChelyabinsk. Nokuti 2016 muguta musha mamiriyoni 1.19 kuChelyabinsk.

Demographics

KuChelyabinsk, nezvakawanda uye hwevanhu arambe achirema ndiyo soro munharaunda, chinhu chikuru zveupfumi uye mumaindasitiri nepakati Urals District. Pano pa mativi kiromita vanhu pfuurei 2,2 zviuru, riri akafanana maguta akadai Omsk uye Kazan. Sex akaparadzirwa pakati vagere muguta rinoenderana parameters-Russian zvose: 1, vanhurume zvawanikwa 1,1 mukadzi. Sezvo 2011 kuChelyabinsk pakati pamaguta, apo kuberekwa mwero mberi (kunyange chete zvishoma) kufa. kwouwandu hwevanhu huri kunyanya vanotama kuuya nerimwe gore pano vanenge zviuru 2,5 vanhu nevamwe kumatunhu. Zvisinei, apo pane dambudziko ane kuchembera vemo uye wevanotungamirira mutoro pamusoro kushanda zera vagari zvakakwirira zvikuru.

Economy uye basa

KuChelyabinsk, uwandu maindasitiri emakambani iyo inopa kutsiga upfumi, nhasi unobereka 60% wokuRussia zingi, 40% kuti pombi uye 6% nesimbi-roll. Yakadzikama mashandiro akaitwa akadai metallurgia, tarakita, wokudhinda-nokuchengetedza zvinomera, vanoverengeka youinjiniya zvinomera, vakawanda mukugadzira zvokudya mabhora anobvumira nekaupenyu yakakwirira basa. Urovha kuChelyabinsk anenge 2%. Pano pane kuperevedza mabasa kuti vanachiremba vane dzidzo yepamusoro, asi nokuda vamiririri yebhuruu-chipika sika ikoko anogara kushanda kusarudza kubva.

The administrative weboka guta uye yevagari kuparadzirwa

KuChelyabinsk, yevagari iyo nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana zvikuru, rakakamurwa nomwe administrative maruwa. Dangwe uye inogarwa nzvimbo - Central. Saka, kamwe ndakaenda munhoroondo kugarwa. Akavakazve zvivako kuti vane mapurani ukoshi, anoiswa huru vanovengwa evanhu yokufaranuka uye kwezvivako. Chikamu ichi reguta ndicho nomukurumbira nemafurati pano zvikuru dzinodhura. emakambani Large vakapiwa zita maviri yaiona zviyero: Trubozavodskomu uye metallurgia munzvimbo. Buildings anowanzoramba kwete itsva. nzvimbo Soviet rechipiri zvikuru nomukurumbira pashure pakati. Pane chakanaka kwezvivako, uye hwevanhu arambe achirema zvakakwirira zvikuru.

Kuwanda nzvimbo muguta kuChelyabinsk anotevera:

• KuKalinin - 222.011.
• Kurchatov - 219.883.
• Leninsky - 190.541.
• Steel - 139 102.
• Soviet - 137.884.
• Traktorozavod - 182.689.
• Central - 99.884.

Maguta akawanda vava kushingaira akavaka nezvivakwa varefu, kwete kunzvenga uye kuChelyabinsk. Population kubudikidza mumatunhu nhasi zvinosiyana zvikuru nokuda pakatanga kumativi matsva. Kurchatov uye kuKalinin okutarisira dzakabatana une kuvakwa. In imba yokutanga yakavakwa nezvekumwe avhareji kukosha, uye wechipiri - rechimanjemanje zvinodhura dzimba.