"Kunzi Alania" - National Park, Russia: Photo uye tsananguro

Munyaya ino, tinoda kukuudza pamusoro nzvimbo yakanaka Ossetia inonzi "kunzi Alania". National Park hwagadzwa muna 1998, uye kubvira chikwata chake handiregi mabasa avo, rine vakawanda mirayiridzo.

History of Park

"Kunzi Alania" - national Park kusikirwa kuti achengetedze yakasiyana dzinongoitika zvivako zviri North Ossetia. Kuwedzera kune zvakatipoteredza mashandiro ari kuchengeterwa ndiwo mabasa chinoshingaira inodzidzisa uye zvesayenzi. Chimwe chikuru mabasa vashandi of Park - ndiko kusikwa ezvinhu zvakanaka toerisme kukura munharaunda iyi.

Pokugadzwa munhu National Park munharaunda iyi yakamutswa kakawanda kubva mashanu. Danho rokutanga akatorwa mu mirayiridzo iyi yaiva sangano rokutanga kuchengeterwa "Tseyskoe", iri Piedmont wongoramba. Naizvozvo, sezvo imwe chinamatidzwa vo Jagplase dzakatangwa: "Turmon", "Mahchesky", "Saur", "Zmeyskaya Nicholas", "Zamankulsky". Uye muna 1967, North Ossetian Reserve (state) rave vakarongeka asi.

On kudiwa nesangano iri paki rakanga raitwa zvikuru zvakawanda hurukuro madenderedzwa siyana uye pamwero yakasiyana-siyana. Yakanga chisarudzo zvakakodzera chete zvayo pakagadzwa yakanga yakasainwa muna 1998. Maererano naye, "kunzi Alania" - National Park, izvo aiitisa kutsvakurudza, dzidzo uye basa zvakatipoteredza. Mukati kuchengeterwa iri zvakakwana vakawanda tsika uye nhoroondo sezvivako.

nzvimbo

National Park kweRussia "kunzi Alania" iri nechokumusoro yakatenuka nechepakati chikamu eCaucasus. Kumativi ose rakakomberedzwa nharaunda kwezviitiko pamatunhu anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. Unogona kuwana ikoko chete chete gomo mugwagwa mumwe, achipfuura mumupata kanjoni Ahsinta Urukh River. "Kunzi Alania" - National Park, riri munzvimbo yemakomo munharaunda. Shoma kukwirira munyika yake - 1,100 metres pamusoro pegungwa uye kufadza ndiyo 4646 meters (mugomo Uilpata). The zvachose nzvimbo kuchengeterwa ndiyo 54926 hectares.

South paki nyika muganhu pamwe Georgia pamusoro Main Caucasus Range, uye kumavirira - kuna Kabardino-Balkan hunhu kuchengeterwa, anomhanyira pamwe rokumabvazuva muganhu North Ossetian Reserve.

On munharaunda "kunzi Alania" yakaiswa kusiyaniswa kudzivirira hurumende kwakavakirwa dzakaitika, tsika, dzinongoitika, zveupfumi uye nezvimwewo zvinhu. The paka rakakamurwa kuva zvinotevera: chinangwa zvoupfumi, kuchengeteka, vavashandire, inokosha kudzivirirwa uye kuchengetedzwa.

okunze

Ari mukati makomo ari North Caucasus pane chinokosha gomo ekunze. It kunoratidzwa refu chando chakanyanyisa uye pfupi inotonhorera yechirimo. Uyezve, pane wehunyambiri zonation siyana microclimates. Kunokonzera kukwira, rezasi mhepo tembiricha uye mumhepo kumanikidzwa, uye maererano kunowedzera uwandu uye mwero kunayisa. Okunze kuti "kunzi Alania" unozvidzora Continental. Zvinonzi hunodzorwa kunonaya muchirimo uye chirimo. Spurs anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri, canyons uye intermountain nembiya, uyewo rezuva nemwaranzi yekudyidzana omesa mukuru riparadzirwe, iyo inosvitsa kuvapo siyana Micro-okunze.

With nokuwedzera kureba nemwaranzi kubudikidza paavhareji gumi muzana ose 1,000 mamita.

rubatsiro

National Park "kunzi Alania" (mufananidzo rakapiwa munyaya) ndiye heterogeneous ndima. Reserve pasi dzakaoma gadziriro ine anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri, izvo dzakaparadzaniswa yakamanikana canyons uye mipata gomo nzizi, vashoma Woody uye herbaceous zvinomera. Masango akafukidza 21 chete% yendima, asi Nemiriwo - vanenge 75%. On nharaunda anomira kubva mumapoka matatu anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Gomo vatiitire substantially noku mumwe noruremekedzo kuchamhembe-kumadokero kusvika zasi-kumabvazuva.

In rwezasi nharaunda iri chikuru pavo - chikuru Watershed, rinopfuurira mberi rwokumusoro, uye shure nayo - matombo muhomba.

chengetedza rwizi

Urukh River Nde gang of chengetedza. The kupfuura ayo rechibharo - Nargidon, Songutidon, Bilyagidon. Enzizi kunyanya chikafu mazitombo echando. Mupaki mune zvinopfuura 70 nenzizi nehova. Asi Lake Reserve vashomashoma, vane glacial mavambo. The kupfuura nomukurumbira vavo: Mikelay uye Fastgaskoe.

uswa

Chii kunakidza, "kunzi Alania" (National Park)? Description of kuchengeterwa raisazova kwakakwana kana kutaura mashoko mashomanana pamusoro rezvinomera. Nokuti nharaunda iyi, dzinoratidzwa dzemakomo wongoramba. Kune vari zvakanaka kumiririrwa siyana gomo vanoondoroka, AZHUTHA omujunipa, nemipaini uye masango Birch, Beech uye hornbeam plantings, nechomujinga uye subalpine Mafuro. Kazhinji, masango kufukidza vanenge cheshanu mundima. Vakafukidza anenge zvose mawere. Zvino mipata alder ichikura. On hwokumusoro mujinga mapoka maduku anokura masango Beech. Asi sezvo inotsiviwa Birch rakareba uye maples. Kumaodzanyemba dzakatenuka akafukidzwa pomuouki uye Hazel.

Above musango bhandi vari subalpine Mafuro apo kukura zviyo: Calamagrostis trostnikovidnogo, fescue, Timoti. Kazhinji, nemiti paki chinosanganisira anopfuura chiuru mhando zvinomera siyana. Pano unogona kuwana anenge 200 endemic mhando kuCaucasus, munewo avo kuti zvinowanika chete mu North Ossetia. Munguva kuchengeterwa mune chete anopfuura 70 marudzi miti. Kana nemiti mumakomo vanokura omujunipa, barberry, buckthorn, nezvikara ndokumuka.

Mupaki pane zvinopfuura 130 mhando notumwe, pakati ndiyo inonyanya dzakawanda boletus, chena, Aspen, russula uye boletus.

"Kunzi Alania" (National Park): mhuka

The fauna of the kuchengeterwa riri akapfuma chaizvo uye yakasiyana-siyana, nokuda kuvapo nharaunda dzakasiyana. The paka anenge akanyorwa 34 chete mhando mhuka, ramakagadzwa kupfuura kunakidza ndivo East-Caucasian chamois uye Tours. Asi mumasango vakavhengana vari kumusha shava mabheya, dzomusango nemhara nondo. Duku zvikara ari kuchengeterwa anogona kunzi sezvo negava uye the marten. Uyewo ermine upenyu iri ibwe scree. In nyoro Deciduous masango pane shrews.

No zvishoma akapfuma uye nyika shiri paki. In yose, mune 116 eshiri, pakati pavo pane vamiririri kuchamhembe kwemarudzi kuti kupinda pano kubva taiga: bullfinch, crossbill, zizi, blackbird. Uyewo mupaki musha shiri fauna of European, muMediterranean uye Central Asia. munhu kusiyana kwakadaro zvipenyu nokuda nenzvimbo mamiriro ezvinhu eCaucasus. Zviri musha neshiri, kunyange vaya vaiuya pano munguva iri Ice Age uye kuumbwa kubvira ipapo vakawanda subspecies.

Asi zvinokambaira havasi sezvo yakawanda mupaki. Hevano anogara zvose zvitatu marudzi.

Activities mudonzvo

Park vashandi vari kuita kwete chete basa kwesayenzi, asi dzidzo, uye izvi kunosanganisira chikoro, pre-kuchikoro, yechipiri uye kunyange dzidzo zvinobvira. Kuti abatsire mudonzvo kuchengeterwa akasikwa, rimwe boka akazvipira kuchengetedza "kunzi Alania" National Park, vane nhengo kubatsira kuronga marudzi ose zviitiko uye mabasa kusimudza vazive vanhu nemasangano matambudziko mudunhu. To vashandi ari kuchengeterwa pane dambudziko kwete chete kuchengetedza uye nokuwedzera nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka, asiwo ruzivo-rinoti mabasa nevamwe vanhu.

Zvinosuruvarisa kudaro yakawanda basa vashandi havagoni kuwana, saka vari kuedza kuyera mauto kuti abatsire vazvipira.

dzinongoitika zvinokwezva

Mupaki pane dzakawanda dzinongoitika zvinokwezva. Mumwe wavo anoti Glacier Karagum anofukidza nzvimbo yose mumitsetse Uilpata rwokumusoro. nzvimbo Its kunopfuura 35 makiromita dzakaenzana. A chepfungwa rechando ndechokuti ichidzika zvakanaka pazasi ose Caucasian mumupata mazitombo echando.

panzvimbo imwe epilogue

Kushanyira mupaki iri zvaisambobvumirwa nevokunze. Zvisinei, dare anogamuchira zvikumbiro kutungamirirwa Tours ichiitwa chete imwe nzvimbo. Uyewo zviripo kuyeuka kuti paki iri munharaunda pamuganhu, asi nokuti zvachose akadzivirira kunyange tichitaura pamuganhu kuzvidzora. Kazhinji, zvakakodzera kusimbisa incredible mutengo kunobva esayenzi maonero, "kunzi Alania" (National Park). Muchidimbu munguva pfupi nyaya hazvibviri kukuudzai sei nyika akapfuma Reserve, izvo zvinogona kunzi parera Ossetia.