Kunzvimbo Russian upfumi, enzvimbo: rondedzero, unhu

Russia - chikuru States kondinendi Eurasian, anopindura nechekuchamhembe Asia uye Eastern Europe. Nepariri, izvozvo rakava kutanga munyika pakati penyika. Uwandu vomuSouth - vanhu mamiriyoni 146. Maererano chehurumende - wenyika-dzeparamende zvokuvhoterwa; batana mamiriro. Zita pamutemo munyika - mashoko Russian Federation (RF). Capital - guta Moscow.

Mutungamiri kuitika pamusoro mamiriro ndiye Vladimir Putin. The yepamutemo mari kunozivikanwa sezvo Russian Ruble. Nyika iri chaipo mapazi 11 nguva zvikamu. Russia vabatane dzakawanda inoverengeka marudzi, madzinza uye tsika. vanhu vose vari vashandi nyanzvi kubva mhizha kuti vanamuzvinabhizimisi. Heino inonakidza nevanhu mune simba. On nharaunda unogona kuona migwagwa yakawanda uye zvakanakira siyana netsika inoratidza kuremekedza vanhu munhoroondo yacho.

Geographical kumatunhu Russia

Russian nzvimbo - vanopfuura mamiriyoni 17 tsoka dzakaenzana. ? km. Rine wakarebesa nemhenderekedzo pakati pemarudzi enyika.

Extreme pfungwa:

• In rwokumusoro - M Cheliuskin (Peninsula Tajmyr) ..
• Kumabvazuva - pamusoro-mu Ratmanova (Bering Strait).
• In rwezasi - rakanga Bazardyuzyu (riri pamuganhu Dagestan).
• In kumavirira, zvikuru pfungwa iri muna Kaliningrad mudunhu.

Russia conditionally ndokuparadzanisa pakati penhindi maviri nyika - Europe uye Asia. muganhu uyu wakaisirwa Mountains Ural. Izvi zviviri zviri gogonera iri size: reEuropean chikamu anopindura 25% of nzvimbo, apo Asian - 75%. nzvimbo Russian nenzvimbo yakakura chikamu Asian, iyo anowanzonzi Siberia uye kuFar East.

Kana isu patsanura Russia iri nzira kuzorodzwa, ndiko, orographic nzira, tinogona kusiyanisa 6 nenzvimbo dziri nyika.

Western Siberia

It anomiririra West Siberian Plain, mumwe pamapani kupfuura munyika. Zvayaiva muGungwa Kara kusvikira Kazakh Semi-mumarenje of Altai uye Urals kusvikira kurwizi. Yenisei. Total bani nzvimbo - Street mamiriyoni 2,5. ? km. West mudunhu Russia kunoratidzwa zvishoma pakakwirira kuchinja. Ivo dzinosiyana munzvimbo kuwanda 100-200 M pamusoro pegungwa. On miganhu kumabvazuva achisimuka 300 m. The nharaunda iri munharaunda yakati nomumachakwi. Kubva vose kuSiberia nharaunda nyika kumaodzanyemba Russia akararama-muna kwazvo, apo vamwe ndiyo zvamazvirokwazvo kwete akakodzera kana kuti upenyu kana kuti bhizimisi.

Eastern Siberia

Chimwe nharaunda kweSiberia, zvikuru iyo anotora Central Siberian Plateau. Riri kusvika rwezasi West Siberian Plain. On Mafuro kumabvazuva uye vokumadokero takapoteredzwa gomo neeSultan of Eastern Sayan, Transbaikalia uye Baikal nharaunda. Avhareji kureba nharaunda - 600-700 m, rakatumbuka anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri nenzvimbo dzakakwirira. The soro rwenze - Viljujsky pano vanosvika nekukwirira 1500-1700 mamita yakakwirira -. Kamen, nekukwirira 1701 M yacho inogona kunzi nzvimbo zvakajairika yose permafrost .. Kukuru rwizi ezvinhu anomiririrwa kunyanya nenzizi gomo.

Far East

A zviduku enzvimbo munharaunda Russia, akapa yePacific nemhenderekedzo. Muzvikamu 3 zvikamu: huru - chete muganhu; peninsular - Peninsula Kamchatka; chitsuwa - Kuril Islands. Ane índico pamwero, kuvimba nayo nenzvimbo zvechadenga nharaunda. Somuenzaniso, kuchamhembe chikamu East Far iri mu kweArctic Circle. Nechokumaodzanyemba yeRussia chando anopa nzira nzvimbo permafrost, uye ipapo - the achinaya mvura. Zvakawanda nharaunda chinomiririrwa neeSultan gomo uye zvikomo. Ndizvo chikamu zvizivikanwe nemichina mapazi. Kunyanya kubva Kamchatka Peninsula. It anonzi kwazvo kushingaira zvizivikanwe nemichina nharaunda. Kuwedzera anoputika, kakawanda chakajairika - pemvura anoputika, zvichikonzera Tsunami mafungu. In rwezasi taiga iri hunodzorwa vamiririri subtropical kasvisto. Kufanana nevamwe kumatunhu Russia, nzvimbo - nzvimbo yakakwirira mwando nokuda napedyo kusvikira penyanza.

Kumaodzanyemba gomo kudunhu Russia

The yose kumaodzanyemba uye nechokumabvazuva Russia straddles kumuganhu makomo. In rwezasi-kumabvazuva vari akapa Caucasus gomo hurongwa Altai uye Sayan, Baikal anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri. ECaucasus Makomo mudiki. inotungamirwa yavo haisati yapera, uye vanofanira 'kukura "chinhu. The yakakwirira muhomba mukati 5000 M yakakwirira Caucasus -. Elbrus. Dzimwe nzvimbo enzvimbo yeRussia ndivo kupfuura ngozi. Panewo zvakakomba dzoga aigona kuva Madhaka, avalanches, kudengenyeka uye dombo Falls.

Ural

In nharaunda iyi inosanganisira rwizi uye seri pamwe chete zita. The Mountains Ural ruoko kubva kurutivi rwezasi kusvikira kurutivi rwokumusoro, vanopfuura 2 000 km kubva kumaodzanyemba kusvika kumabvazuva - vaifanira kubva 150? Km. Pachishandiswa landforms dzavo, nzvimbo iri akakamurwa huru nharaunda Russia: North, South, Central, polar uye subpolar. Mountains Ural kuchikosha kukanganisa okunze yose wehurumende. Ivo kuva "chinodzivirira", uye musapotse kutonhora Oceanic mhepo makore paruwa, nokudaro pave Continental mhando okunze yose munharaunda. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, mwaka siyana, uye munzvimbo Falls zvakawanda kunayisa kumadokero kupfuura kumabvazuva. .. nzizi dzakawanda, vanopfuura zviuru 6 madhamu - Major hydrological hurongwa

Russian bani

East European Plain (Russian) ndiyo imwe guru panyika. Kumatunhu Russia iri kure shure kwake kwenguva yakareba. zita rake rechipiri - Russian - akanga nokuti vakawanda chikamu chiri mukati miganhu mamiriro chete zita. Size - ba vanenge mamiriyoni 4. ? km. Mukati kumuganhu nyika riri pamusoro kweGungwa reCaspian kusvika kweArctic Ocean, yaiva kumadokero kumuganhu hurumende kusvika Mountains Ural kumabvazuva. Plain Zvinoshamisa yunifomu, zvemo. Average kukwirira hazvirevi kusapfuudza kureba mamita 200 pamusoro pegungwa. 6 vanosarudzirwa pabani kwakadzikira kubva 310-340 indekisi m. Nharaunda ino kuchinja zvikuru anthropogenic.

Socio-upfumi zoning

Maererano socio-upfumi zoning govera 11 kumatunhu pedyo miganhu administrative dzakabatana. nharaunda yoga anokudzwa nzvimbo, nhoroondo background, zvekuvaka mukana uye kukura imwe indasitiri zvekutepfenyura. nharaunda All 11 dzakaparadzaniswa rimwezve kuchiitwa - vanopinda maviri makro kumatunhu, Western uye Eastern. In Western makro nharaunda 7 rinosanganisira nzvimbo East - 4.

• Kumatunhu wokumusoro Russia. Chimwe chezvinhu inoona nezvenjodzi guru kumatunhu reEurope chikamu. Inoitwa Vologda, Arkhangelsk uye Murmansk kumatunhu, Republic of yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia uye Komi. Uye ichi zvinosanganisira Nenets zvionera District. Pakazosvika North chikamu mamiriro anoreva Primorsky munharaunda Russia, riri kudiwa pakati vashanyi.
• Central nharaunda. Chinosanganisira guru uye kumatunhu rinotevera 12 Federation.
• Central Black Earth upfumi nharaunda. Zvayaiva kumaodzanyemba Central, mumwe worudzi ruduku kukura, inoitwa 5 nzvimbo.
• Kwakadziva kumadokero zvoupfumi nharaunda. Inoitwa 4 enyika uye yeUnited guta - St. Petersburg.
• East-Siberian nharaunda. A chikuru upfumi kudunhu Russia. It zvinosanganisira nhengo dzaro muRepublic 3: Buryatia, Khakassia uye vokuTuva, asi Irkutsk nharaunda, kuti Trans-Baikal uye Krasnoyarsk Territory.
• Far Eastern District. Kudeuka nzvimbo nharaunda mune zvemari weRussia. Zvinosanganisira 9 administrative vanotongwa Russian Federation.
• North-Caucasian nharaunda. Kunyange zvazvo nharaunda iri mupfupi asi rinosanganisira vazhinji administrative masangano - 10. zvokuvhoterwa itsva iyi, kushingaira vachirwira kwavo rusununguko.
• Volga-Vyatka upfumi nharaunda. Nharaunda iri zvachose mukati munyika uye haana kwokunze miganhu. Zvinosanganisira: Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia uye Kirov kumatunhu, Mordovia uye Mari El.
• Volga upfumi dunhu. It inoumbwa 8 vanotongwa Federation.
• Ural zvoupfumi dunhu. Zvinosanganisira Perm, 4 nzvimbo, 2 chinoda - Bashkortostan uye Udmurtia.
• Uchinyora dzine Russia, yokupedzisira anganzi pasi kwazvo kure - Kaliningrad nharaunda.