Lymphoma ye mediastinum - chii ichocho? Zviratidzo, Kuongororwa

Zvinosuruvarisa, nekuda kwekudengenyeka kwehupenyu hwemagariro evanhu vanorwara nekenza, iri kuwedzera kupfuura zuva rose. Pane zvakawanda zvinorwarisa matumbo . Vanokwanisa kukura mune nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana, vachivhiringidza kushanda kwavo kwemazuva ose. Muchirapa pane chinhu chakadai se mediastinum. Inobatanidza nhengo dzose dziri mubhokisi. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, chirwere chinowanzoitika chechirwere chinonzi lymphoma ye mediastinum. Chii chinonzi neoplasm? Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kuitika kwaro, zviratidzo zvepfungwa uye kufungidzira?

Kufanana nemakumbo ose ekenza, lymphoma yakakamurwa kuva mamwe marudzi, ine zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekukura. Zvichienderana nekuoma kwechiremera chacho, vanachiremba vanokura maitiro chaiwo ekurapa. Zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa, zvinosuruvarisa, hazvinyaradzi zvachose - izvi zvose zvinoenderana nenguva yakatarisa kuongororwa kwe lymphoma. Kukurumidza kuongororwa kunoitwa, zviri nani mikana yekuwanazve. Mamiriro ekuregererwa muvarwere anogona kugara kubva kumakore maviri kana kupfuura. Zvisinei, munhu anofanira kunzwisisa kuti panguva ino chirwere chacho hachibvi, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvose zvinyorwa zvechiremba aripo anoitwa zvakanyatsoita kuti kuderedzwa kwekudzoka kwekudzoka zvakare.

Lymphoma ye medi mediinum: chii ichocho?

Zvechokwadi, zvakaoma kwazvo kuti munhuwo zvake anzwisise izwi rechiremba, saka ngatiedze kutsanangura zvose zviri mumutauro wakajeka.

Lymphoma ine tumarara yekenza ine maitiro akaipa. Inowedzera mu lymphatic system, nekuda kweizvi, chironda chinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo ipi neipi. Muchiitiko ichi, tumarara ye mediastinum inokanganisa nhengo, iyo miganhu kune rumwe rutivi ndiyo mhinzwa, kune imwe - mutsara.

Ichi chirwere chinoratidzirwa chisina kudzora masero ekuparadzanisa. Mushure mokuchinja, vanova vasina kufa, izvo zvinotungamirira pakuunganidza kwavo nekugadzira dumbu. Sezvo lymphatic system inosanganisira yakawanda yezvitsvuku nemidziyo inosanganiswa nhengo dzose, neoplasm, inokura nokukurumidza, inopararira zvakasununguka mumuviri wose, ichigadzira zvitsva zvitsva.

Apo nguva isinganzwisisiki mune imwe chirwere chechipatara chirwere ichimirira rufu. Apo dzimwe zviratidzo zvinowanikwa, murwere anorayirwa kuongororwa kwemanhamba uye anoita sarudzo, panguva iyo inowanzoshandiswa computed tomography.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunyange mushure mekusimbiswa kwekuongororwa, pasina mamiriro ezvinhu iwe unofanira kukanda mapfumo pasi nekumira kurwira hupenyu.

Kurongwa

Mazita emaronda emukenza, sekutonga, ndeawo maitiro. Mumwe nomumwe wavo akaparadzaniswa kuva mhando dzakasiyana uye mapoka. Chokutanga chezvose, zviremara zvepakutanga uye zvechipiri zvakasarudzwa. Rudzi rwekutanga rwechirapu runotangira kubva mumatumbu ejecha, rechipiri rinosanganisira mastases.

Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa kunzwisisa kwe "Lymphoma ye mediastinum". Izvi zvinorevei? Rudzi urwu rwekenza rinonziwo lymphadenopathy. Kupatsanurana kuva mapoka kunoitika maererano nemhando yezvisikwa kubva kwairi yakagadzirwa. Inogona kuva thymus gland, moyo, pleura uye nezvimwe zvakadaro.

Symptomatic of the disease

Zviratidzo zve mediastinal lymphoma zvakafanana nenzira dzakawanda kune dzimwe mhando dzezviremara zvinotyisa. Iko kushaya simba, kuneta zvakaneta, kushushikana, kurutsa, kuperevedza kwefema. Zvisinei, panewo zviratidzo izvo zvinongoratidzwa chete zvechirwere ichi. Chokutanga pane zvose, kuratidzika kwekudzivirira munzvimbo dzaine lymph nodes: pasi pe cheekbones (pamutsipa), mumupuranga, pasi pemakumbo kana mudumbu. Kuzvikudza kwakadaro hakusi pamwe nekunzwa kunorwadza.

Zviratidzo zve mediastinal lymphoma zvinowanzoratidzwa nekuderera kunorema kuyerwa. Sezvo lymphatic system inodzivirira muviri kubva pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvirwere, kusashanda kwebasa rayo kunogona kutungamirira kusina kukwana kutonhora kunokwira 37-37.5 degrees. Mune varwere vakawanda usiku, pane kuwedzerwa kukuru.

Zvikonzero Zvinokosha

Mukurwisana ne-lymphoma, zvinotevera zvinokanganisa chiitiko chakanaka:

• Zera reboka revarwere. Mukuru wacho munhu, kunyanya kunetseka kwaanoita mukurapa.
• Chikamu che lymphoma ye mediastinum, iyo chirwere chacho chakawanikwa.
• Kukura kwemuviri uye nzvimbo yacho.
• Kugadzikana kwezvirwere zvemuviri.
• Nhamba yezvipembenene zvinonzi metastases.

Kucherechedza simba rechirwere kwemakore gumi, masayendisiti akagumisa kuti iyo yakakura-celled lymphoma inowanikwa mumavambo ekutanga inopa mukana wekupera 90%, asi nekubudirira kwemastastase, chiyero ichi chinowira zvakanyanya kusvika 20%.

Muboka rekutengesa kune vanhu kwete vezera remakore, asi avo avo vakatambura mamwe marudzi ezvirwere zvepachikafu, kunyanya, kushandisa chemotherapy. Lymphoma inowanzoonekwawo kune avo vari pedyo zvikuru nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokuvadza, somuenzaniso, pesticidhe.

Kuziva

Mhinduro yakanaka yekurapa haigoni kungoona nguva yakakodzera yekutura, asiwo pakugadzirisa kukwanise kworudzi rwayo. Izvo chete ipapo tinogona kutaura pamusoro pemishonga.

Kushungurudzika kwe-lymphoma kunogona kuitika kuna chiremba pane kudzivirira kudzivirira. Muchiitiko ichi, nyanzvi inosarudza imwe yekuongorora. Panguva ino, inonyanya kukosha inonzi compography tomography. Kuvonga iwe unogona kunyatsoongorora chiremera, ona kuputika kweputi. Inokurudzirwawo kuita biopsy. Iyi nzira ichabvumira kuziva rudzi rwe lymphoma ne 100% yakarurama.

Kana kunyunyuta kwechiremba kuchigadziriswa, zvino iwe unofanirwa kupa hutambo hwemutsipa wepelinha. Kuongorora uku kucharatidza kuti kupararira kwakapararira sei. Inokurudzirwawo radiography yemapapu, kugadzirisa uye ultrasound yemudumbu.

Chimwe chikonzero chekudzivirira chirwere ndechekugovera tsanangudzo yeropa rakazara. Nehuwandu hweiyo lactate dehydrogenase zvakagadzirwa, vanachiremba vanoona chiyero chekufambira mberi kwechirwere.

Zvikamu zve lymphoma

Zvose zvirwere zvekenza zvakakamurwa kuva zvikamu zvinoratidza chiyero chekukura kwechirwere uye zvayo. Ichi chikamu chinowanzogamuchirwa mazwi ekunyora. Iviri yekutanga ndeyemunharaunda, imwe yacho yakajairika. Kana chirwere chacho chichiitika pasina zviratidzo, ipapo tsamba A yakawedzerwa kune nhamba, nefivha, kuora kurasikirwa, kutuka - B.

Zvikamu zve lymphoma:

• Nharaunda yekutanga (I) ndiko kukundwa kwechikamu chimwe chete chemakirini ane lymph nodes.
• Chikamu chechipiri che mediastinal lymphoma (II) - chinowedzera kune dzimwe nzvimbo, asi chinongogumira kune rumwe rutivi rwechidimbu.
• Nhanho yechitatu (III) -kugara kwenzvimbo kunowedzera, mativi maviri emakumbo anobatanidzwa.
• Chikamu chechina (IV) ndicho kupararira kwemasitasitini mumuviri wose. "X" inowedzerwa kune chiitiko kana chiremera chemajoni chemakumbo emakumbo.

Nzira dzekurapa kwemazuva ano

Nenzira yakanaka, zvidzidzo zvezviremera zvekenza hazvimire. Masayendisiti anobva kumativi ose enyika anobatanidza ruzivo rwavo kuti awane nzira dzakanakisisa dzekurwisana nemamota aya. Lymphoma ye mediastinum (kurapwa kunotsanangurwa pasi apa) chirwere chakaipa kwazvo chinogona kutungamirira kurufu.

Nokudaro, mushure mekusimbisa hutachiwana, pasina mamiriro ezvinhu iwe unofanira kufuratira mazano echiremba. Saka, tichadzidza nzira dzokurwa ne lymphoma.

Chemotherapy

Nzira yakakurumbira inoshandiswa pakurapa kenza ndiyo chemotherapy. Shandisa mishonga yezvokurapa yakadai saVinblastine, Doxorubicin, Dakarbazin nevamwe. Iyi mishonga ine rudzi rwehupfu hunouraya masero ekenza. Zvisinei, kurapa kwakadaro kune migumisiro yakawanda, sezvo kuparadzwa kwemarara kunenge kusati kwaitika, asi zvakanyanya, saka kune ngozi huru yekuvhiringidza basa rehutano hwakanaka. Migumisiro yekurapa kwakadaro inowanzochengetedza maitiro ezvirwere zvezvirwere zvezvirwere uye kusimba kwayo. Kana muviri wakasimba, mikana yekudzoka yakanyanya kuwedzera.

Kubudirira kwemakemikari inokonzerwa nemakumbo ose, kunyange kune avo vasina kumboonekwa. Kana chironda che mediastinum chinowanikwa muchitambo IV, saka hapana imwe nzira dzokurapa.

CRT

Electron-brit therapy inoshandiswa mukurapa lymphoma yakava imwe yekutanga. Iye zvino inowanzobatanidzwa ne chemotherapy. Iyi nzira yekurapa inorayirwa nechinangwa chakanaka chemukati wechirwere uye nzvimbo yekutarisa. Sezvo mutemo, kunyange nechirwere chinoramba chichiwedzera, irradiation inorayirwa kwete kanopfuura 4 pavhiki, muyero hauna kudarika 6 gm. Kubudirira kwekurapa uku ndiko kupindira kwemasikati pasi peganda kusvika pakadzika kusvika kusvika 20 mm.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti hazvibviri kupedza zviitiko zvakadaro mune dzimwe nzira. Zvisinei, CRT ine migumisiro yakaipa:

• Atrophy yeganda;
• Kukanganiswa kwemvere kana kusarura;
• Danda rakaoma;
• Simba rinoputira maitiro (dermatitis).

Imwe nguva-irradiation course panguva ye electro-radiotherapy haifaniri kudarika makumi mana emadhora.

Biological therapy

Iyi nzira ndiyo yakanyanyisa. Nokuda kwekugadzirwa kwemishonga, mamwe masero emurwere anotorwa. Kurapa kwakadaro kunoita kuti kuwedzerwa kukwikwidza kwehupenyu kusvika pahupamhi uye panguva imwechete kushandisa kudzivirirwa kwayo. Iyi nzira ino inonyanya kushanda mukurwisa zvirwere zvinotyisa, zvakadai se lymphoma. Kuongororwa ropa kana ultrasound kunogona kunyatsonzwisisa nzvimbo dzisina simba mumuviri wemurwere.

Kubatsira kukuru kwehupenyu hwehutachiona ndechokuti mishonga yeropa inogumira kuumba mumuviri, iyo ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kwekudya.

Bone marrow transplantation

Iyi nzira yekurapa inoshanda chaizvo, asi nzira yekugadzirira nekugadziriswa kwekupedzisira pane imwe nguva nguva yakareba zvikuru. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti havasi makiriniki ose ari kuita mushonga wekupisa mafuta, saka izvi zvinodhura. Uyewo, panguva yekugadzirira, kushandiswa kwemakemikari inoshandiswa kuparadza ose masero emukenza.

Mushonga wokuvhiya

Kuvhiya kwe-mediastinal lymphoma - chii ichocho? Nzira yekuvhiya inoshandiswa zvikuru zvishoma. Hazvikoshi uye inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nemimwe mishonga. Kupindira kwekuvhiya kunobvira chete mumatanho ekutanga, sezvo mushure mokunge kupararira kwemasimasi ino nzira inenge isingabatsiri. Semitemo, inoshandiswa apo zvakakosha kutora tumarara masero ekutsvakurudza kwavo (biopsy).

T-lymphoma

Maererano nehuwandu hwehutachiona, t-cell lymphomas inoparadzaniswa kuva pasi, midzi uye yakakwirira.

Zvinokonzera zviitiko:

• Mhedziso yeT-cell leukemia (HTLV-1);
• Kushaya simba kwemuviri wemuviri;
• Heredity;
• Pathology yemasero ari muzinga reDNA.

Nhanho dzekuvandudza t-lymphoma:

• ІА - kune zvisingakoshi matanho pamusoro pezvisikwa zveganda.
• YESU - nhamba yenharaunda inopinda inowedzera, asi pasina kuwedzera lymph nodes.
• ІІА - kubwinya kunoumbwa.
• III - iyo inoputira maitiro pamusoro pezvisikwa zveganda zvinoratidzwa.
• IV - chirwere chekenza chinowedzera kune nhengo dzomukati.

Zvirwere zvemuviri we-mediastinal lymphoma

Kuita sarudzo dzisinganzwisisiki nechirwere chakadai se-mediastinal lymphoma (kufungidzira kwekurapa uye kupona) hazvibviri kuitika, sezvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana pano. Somuenzaniso:

• Unhu hwemhuka;
• Age;
• Chikamu chechirwere;
• Degree yekukuvara;
• Mamiriro ezvirwere zvemuviri.

Ichokwadi chechokwadi kuti nemhando dzisiri dzoutsinye dzechirwere, vanenge 90 muzana yevarwere vanodzoka, asi apo lymphoma iri panharaunda yeVine, hapana kana mukana wekupinza chirwere ichi kuregererwa.