Mari upfumi - izvi ... Basa uye kushanda mari. The mari iri kutenderera

Mari upfumi - kunokosha chezvinonhuwira ano evanhu vanoda izvo anodzingana mumwe nomumwe wedu muupenyu. Zvisinei, haasi munhu wose anoziva pamusoro, apo vanoita ikoko. Basa mari pamusika upfumi nhasi haringanzi dzakanaka. Zvakaratidza kuti pfungwa iyi kunouya kwatiri kubva kare.

How kuwana zvinhu pasina mari: nhoroondo

Mumamiriro munzanga noukama pamusika sezvo vakadaro haisati asi vanotenderwa. The koshesa chimiro kutora vashanduri ita mutengano kunobatsira. Panguva iyoyo, kana mari dzaishandiswa haana murevereri ari ita mutengano yakadaro. zviito Vose (kutengeswa uye kutenga) kuitwa kusvika panguva imwe chete. Nematambudziko achitanga kukura mune evanhu vekare pachamuka mumwe kana vamwe zvinhu zvakanga dzinoongororwa maererano dhigirii zvinodiwa mairi.

With chokuwedzera nekugoverana muganhu pamusoro nguva. Munzira dzakawanda, ichi vakabatsira weboka nzanga kupinda makirasi, maererano basa imwe kubasa. Nokuti mureza nzira panguva ita mutengano pfumvu zhinji anokonzerwa siyana zvinhu. Izvi dzinongoita vakaita inokosha basa mukupa chaiyo mamiriro zvakafanana nhumbi exchange. The chidzoke vanhu vanosvika nokuda chaiyo chigadzirwa mapoka yakaenzana akatsunga tenderano of People, vakagamuchira zita zvimwe ndima. Somuenzaniso, muna muRussia mari dzaishandiswa akadana "kunoy" nokuda Exchange nerokuti kutora anodhura mbava Negima the marten.

Hapana chete musina mari munyika, uye makushe, nendarama, uye avo kuti tinoshandisa nhasi - bepa. The goridhe uye chinokosha sezvadziri vakanyura muzhizha, ikozvino mari iri upfumi - rinoti, macheki, makadhi, etc ...

Mashandiro anoita mari iri zvoupfumi: yokungotaura chinoumba

The mabasa uye basa mari munyika yanhasi musika upfumi zvakaoma kuona. Chaizvoizvo dzavo zvakarurama akaratidza riparadzirwe uye kugadzirwa pezvakaitwa nhumbi.
Huru mabasa kuti aite mari, funga chimiro yakatorwa navo nenzira imwe kana mumwe hurongwa ukama zvemari. Nyaya Dzemari sezvo:

1. mari pachiyero.
2. Storage zvinoreva.
3. Treatment chinhu.
4. Payment chiridzwa.

Money - marapirwo chinhu

Nokuti zvakafanana murume, pane mumwe, rinokosha nerevane chinangwa mari - mafomu avo nokuda kwokuripirwa nenhumbi yakatengwa kana akuitira. Muchiitiko chino, mari ndiwo chaiwo boka nhumbi, ndine nokudenga nokutenga nemikana. Vakauya kutsiva ita mutengano riparadzirwe mari iri upfumi runoita kuti govera zvikomborero zvakadaro:

1. Chiito kutengeswa kubva chiito rwokutenga zviri zvakasiyana. Mupfungwa yokufananidzira, mutengi anofanira kutanga kuziva zvinhu zvavo, kuwana mari nokuti, uye ipapo kutenga zvaidiwa zvigadzirwa. In pamusika basa ita mutengano Exchange kwenhumbi zvakagadzirwa nechimwe vechikamu ava noukama zvose mutengi uye mutengesi.
2. Rinopa zvakawanda sarudzo nhumbi, tichienzanisa ayo kusavapo zvakakwana kana matengesero aya.
3. General rokutenga simba mari runoita kuzvishandisa mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Kunyange zvazvo panguva iyoyo hazvibviri huchiti categorically kuti ita mutengano haishandi. The kupfuura unoshamisa muenzaniso wokushandiswa nenhumbi kuzviwanira nzira inogona kunzi ita mutengano kutengeserana pakati vamwe Kishi inoti, nokuti izvo zviri zvikuru zvakanaka pane kurapa depreciation pamusoro Ruble uye kuripwa "kusagadzikana" mari yakadaro.

Kazhinji, kutaura mari, vanhu vanofunga kuti kudaidzwa manotsi. Colored paper uye mari dzakasiyana siyana, mapinda mari aibuda - mari mari vakawanda. Uyezve, svikiro wokufambisa kunzwisisa sezvo kumabhanga, deposits uye kudiwa deposits. Cash, t. E. mari Real, uye vagari wacho deposits mune mabhanga, mukusiyana kuhurumende kuchengetedzeka pamusika uye nemari uye chikwereti upfumi anoshandiswa senzira vakawanda kutenderera.

Mari - chiyero ukoshi

Tinofanira kufunga mari sezvo chiyero ukoshi. Kuyera uye enzanisa kukosha siyana zvinhu uye mabasa ari wanhasi, zvinokosha kuziva chete mari. Uyezve, wokupedzisira Mari chigadzirwa, runoratidzwa mari nemashoko, ndizvo zvakananga hakunei uwandu wayo, kure, vhoriyamu. Basa rehurumende masangano muRussia ndiyewo pokugadzwa National mwero ukoshi. Pahwaro chinoratidza ichi sezvo vakawanda mwero hama mutengo, zviri nyore zvikuru kuti mutengo vamwe zvinhu uye simbisai yokuenzana reshiyo pakati zviviri.

Pasina pamusika mamiriro ari wakaiswa mwero ukoshi, zvingava zvakaoma kuti tizive mutengo chero chinhu. Muchiitiko chino, zvingava kuti aite Masvomhu pahwaro imwe chigadzirwa kune imwe chinjanai zvikuru. Ndiko, kuverenga kukosha nenhumbi kwaizova kusimba kwakaoma.

Sei mutengo mari iri munguva mitengo?

Mari sezvo chiyero anokosha zvachose kwete shandika mumakore nokukurumidza depreciation of National mari Gengi. Mitengo, iro kwakunoitwa rutapudzo unonyatsoratidza kwakajairika zvinhu, zvinoratidzwa mutengo hazvo, izvo kare haagoni kunzi kunofambira mberi. Vari kugara zvoupfumi kufamba, saka kuti nyanzvi kusiyanisa marudzi maviri mitengo: chezita uye chaivo. Chokutanga chitsama Currency zviumbu kuti anogona kubhadhara yakananga vanobatsirwa panguva mutengo, izvo kwakasimbiswa kune nezverimwe pamusoro musika kunodiwa. Chechipiri, mutengo chaiye, zvinoreva kuripwa tsika, asi pangoro iyoyo.

Chokwadi, pane kuwirirana pachena pakati mari nenhumbi uye mari. Mitengo nokuti akasiyana chigadzirwa varikukura apo mari nekugona zvinoderedza, uye kana mutengo anowira, zvose zvinoitika chaizvo zvakasiyana.

Mari - nzira rokuponesa

Mari upfumi - chinhu chinokosha achishandisa kuwanda. Wakasuduruka riparadzirwe mari zvinomiririra zvemari kuunganidza mashandiro, izvo anoshandura kuwedzera, zvichienderana kureba nokubviswa yavo turnover. Basa mari pamusika upfumi ari mupfungwa iyi kupa varidzi vavo mukana kushandisa kwavo rokutenga simba pamusoro nguva. Mhedziso liquidity, icho chipo nemari, achivabvumira kushandisa chero nguva nokuita achishandisa muripo chaitika.

Uyezve, mukana mari sezvo kuchengetera chinhu kukwanisa avo tiine yepakutanga chezita kukosha kwavo. Mutengo mari iri upfumi kunonyanya kukonzerwa kuunganidza. Kunyange nouchapupu kunhaka anowana mari sezvo vakadaro kubvisa kakawanda hazviiti. Kana kuchengetedza chishongo, Antiques kana zvivako, kuchengetedzeka kuti vabudirire chero zvakaoma haazobudiriri. Asi, kana kuunganidza kurapwa kuva iripo anotevera kwema zvemari:

1. Kutenga nokutengesa zvishongo.
2. Pakuunganidza pfuma uye zvinhu pamwe unovimbisa kugara kudiwa.
3. Purchase wazvipira kwakaitwa chikwereti.
4. Pakuunganidza zvakarurama kuchengetedzeka, izvo zvinobudirira kukwikwidza pamusoro musika mari.
5. Kutenga mari kubva kune dzimwe nyika.
6. Kuita bhengi dhipoziti mu zvomunharaunda mari (uchibatsirwa asiri mari yesangano).

How to exchange nemari kupinda mari?

The vaunganidza mari upfumi - chinhu zvikuru zvinoriumba izvozvo. Kuti vawane kuwedzera zvoupfumi kuita pasina kuunganidza hazvibviri. Zvisinei, kana asiri zvaidiwa ezvinhu ane chete (pachiyero vanotenga simba vanofanira kuramba kuchinja kwenguva refu zvakakwana nguva) mari chaiyo haazorambi ndivaise chero muridzi mari.

Uyezve, kushanda senzira kuunganidza ari Kuwedzera mitengo nguva mari uyewo asingagoni. kuderedza yavo pakupedzisira kutungamirira kusauka. The Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mhinduro mune izvi ndiko kuchengetedza mari shomanana chete kwenguva yakati, uye anoyevedza kuunganidza pamberi mitengo kunokosha kuti nguva mari. The yakanakisisa mari mari - Real Estate kutora kana zvimwe zvinhu zvakafanana zvinokosha, izvo kana vasina liquidity chivimbo zvakadaro, tsika dzavo hadzina kurasa. Uyewo chengeta mari dzavo maererano inflationary kukura iri zvinogoneka kuburikidza kupanana National mari mudanga dzimwe mari.

Cash sezvo muripo mudziyo

Mari upfumi - iri mudziyo muripo, kutanga yakabuda, sezvo yave akati, pamwe kukura chinokosha exchange. Rinosanganisira pfungwa kuzvibvisa nhumbi, akaparadzaniswa Implementation nguva, kureva. Credit E. kutengeswa. Nokudaro unouya Mubayiro kushanda mari. Kutengeswa zvinhu nemari chokunyora uyewo kuita ichi chinokosha zvoupfumi ushande. Zvisinei, havasi kutamba chero basa sezvo svikiro pamwe zvikwereti kutenga. Zvichakadai, kana kuziva kukosha uye mutengo mari anoshanda akakwana mashandiro.

In tsika, ichi kunoitika sezvinotevera: mutengi mubayiro wakakodzera mari pamusoro panowanikwa kudzora nguva yokuita muripo. Zvakaratidza kuti mari anouya wokufambisa pakarepo, chete mushure waiti kondirakiti nguva. basa iri pachena zvinoratidzwa haizopereri kukura maindasitiri uye dzaishandiswa Links pakati pamusika vechikamu. Somunhu muripo mudziyo, mari kunokosha kwete chete senzira rwokutenga, asiwo nokudenga pachake upfumi, naizvozvo, kukutadzisa kushanda ichi chinokosha turnover mapuranga hazvibviri.

Credits uye zvikwereti zviri upfumi yanhasi

Development kuti mubhadharo enyika munyika nhasi expectedly zvakazoita kuti chidzoke chikwereti mari. rokuti "bhiri" akatanga somunhu zvemari mashandiro weInternational upfumi rava rinokosha uye chinokosha panyaya achiposa generating chikwereti. Goods yakatengwa muna Yakabudiswa kana zvikwereti rwoga ikava chinhu chikwereti nokuripira. In nedanho chikwereti mutsividzo Yakabudiswa kana mari ndiwo chiridzwa muripo.

Cash kutsiviwa ne mamwe mabhiri pamusoro nguva. Gwaro rakanyorwa kuti inosimbisa kudzoka chikwereti mari iri zvachose kwepamutemo chimiro zvinovimbisa kuti anokwereta. Panoperera kudzorwa nguva chikwereti iri, Chokwadi, kubhadhariswa mari yakatarwa uwandu. Kukura ezvokutengeserana chikwereti - chinhu chinokosha chinoita kuti kukanganiswa kuparadzira mabhiri pamusika ukama. Kakawanda, chimiro ichi chikwereti mutoro simba mumwe vaburitsi.

Zvakakurukurwa kushanda mari iri Russian upfumi

Mari ano upfumi Russia mumakore gumi apfuura ndiye chinokosha chishandiso muripo, mutengo, okuchengetera uye kukurukurwa. Panyaya iyi, Kusakwana zvokutengeserana ino munyika, zvinoratidzawo ayo kudyidzana dzakawanda, kunotadzisa kukura indasitiri, kukura mitemo mupenyu, kumutsa socio-tsika uye wevanotungamirira zviratidzo. Mukutsvaka zvezvinokonzera asingapfidzi matambudziko emari zvinoverengeka zvakajeka anotaurwa hurumende.

Development chinhu mari makopi upfumi munyika kwete chete. Kurema mari iri Russian zvoupfumi chinoita basa rinokosha. Zvichakadai, mumakore okuzvimirira uye kuzvionera yedu nyika mari nerubatsiro kwakawedzera zvinopfuura 770 nguva. Kuitirwa zvinokosha vatengi uye vaburitsi dhefisiti kusimukira musika upfumi, kakawanda chisarudzo pamusoro kutanga munyika makopi mari yokuwedzera. Sezvingatarisirwa, nyaya mari yekudyidzana lagged seri mitengo kukura, izvo zvakazoita kuti nevakawanda taitarisira zvabuda.

Kuva kuvamirira, chaiyo National mari runoyerera nokukurumidza payakaserera. Kuedza kuderedza kukura "chirwere" ichi zvoupfumi, Entrepreneurs akasimbisa private chitsamba nyaya. Vazhinji vanotongwa Russian Federation masangano akasika siyana mubhadharo zvigadziriswe zvainanga vakabata yesangano iri zvekutepfenyura ano. Kunyanya, mari kumusika upfumi, uye nhasi asare kwenguva anoonga kubudirira asiri muripo netting hurongwa, Supreme bhengi zvikwereti, yemakambani zvisungo uye zvichingodaro. D.

Mari achigarira maoko kunze mamiriro - mumwe zvikonzero zvakawanda kukundikana Russian Federation vachiedza kuvaka muenzaniso rakazara yemhando musika-mamiriro ezveupfumi. Nokududza nzvimbo pano ndezvevanhu nemari uye inivhesitimendi. Kugara bhizimisi mari tichigadzirisa wekuongorora kunowedzera bhuku dzeraundi nokuyerera mari, asi chaizvoizvo zvose zvakasiyana. Mari achigarira maoko kubva wokufambisa isakarurama kunokanganisa chirongwa kudyiwa zvavo.

Panguva iyoyowo, kuunganidza mhuri wakapfuurira nemari boka (mari "paruoko" haana kwaireva) vari bhizimisi. Rimwezve tsime capitalization chinowedzera mudanga kupiwa mukuru GDP.

mhedziso

Aunganidze pamwe, kufungisisa zvose apa, tinogona kuziva nyore basa mari iri mamiriro upfumi zvekutepfenyura. Vane wekare zvechokwadi chokuratidza yaingowanikwa chinokosha unongotaura. Mari upfumi - iri inoshanda rinoenderana, nhumbi ane chinzvimbo chinokosha. Pamusana kwavari, riparadzirwe hazvo uye mabasa ari ngetani "mutengi-mutengesi" kwava nyore kana tichienzanisa ita mutengano womuenzaniso wezvokutengeserana ukama.

The hunhu uye kukosha mari iri upfumi zvinogona kunzi kubudikidza prism mitambo yavo.

Chokutanga, ivo nzira yokurapa iyo nematambudziko ose ita mutengano kwema zvinogona kudziviswa zvachose.

Chechipiri, mari rinoitwa mashandiro chiyero kukosha, zvokubatsira kuti kuenzanisa kukosha uye mutengo nhumbi.

Chechitatu, kuunganidza basa kwese mari kwenguva wakasuduruka wokufambisa, izvo anotibvumira kuchengeta upfumi. Panyaya iyi, zvakanakira yanhasi musika upfumi womuenzaniso ndiko kupa mikana kubatsirwa kubva upfumi.

Chechina, mari - rinokosha mubhadharo chokushandisa. Normalizing Mabatirwo mari uye asiri mari - mukana pakukura upi kwemauto zvoupfumi, sezvo chete-chinja kushandiswa mari munyika kuchabatsira kusimbisa emari yose.