Marudzi privatization uye chaizvo ayo sezvo vakadaro

Pfungwa privatization hunosanganisira mashoko kuzvibvisa pane pfuma muridzi nokuda emakambani ehurumende, masangano uye masangano, uyewo nenyika uye pokugara, riri matunhu neminisiparati kana hurumende pfuma vabatsirwe dzinongoitika kana zviri pamutemo vanhu vari kutenga pasi privatization mutemo.

Izvi ane nhamba chirikadzi uye mhando. Privatization siyana ingasiyana marudzi aya privatization kuti zvaiita pfuma uye nehurumende pfuma, privatization wehurumende-anazvo pokugara, privatization nyika.

Privatization rinoitwa kuvandudza upfumi uye evanhu kunyatsoshanda okuwana. Nokuda privatization kunoitika kurera mari nokuda kugadzirisa upfumi. Uyezve, privatization anokanda zvakare vagari sezvo vave nechekuita kuitawo kwerunyararo uye Kuchengetedzwa pokugara, anoumba rimwe musika upfumi, uyewo unokurudzira runziro uye vakarongeka kushandiswa munyika zvinhu, uye anotsigira kukura Entrepreneurship.

Zvichienderana zvaunoda uye nezvinangwa pamusoro apa anowanika uye zvakakodzera siyana privatization, uye runoenzanirana zvigadziriswe Implementation kwavo uye vatambi. Somuenzaniso, privatization pamusoro redzimba wemari rinoitwa nevanhu miviri mvumo panguva zviremera zvemo uye makambani nemasangano kuti vane voruzhinji redzimba Fund.

Pakati vakadaro siyana pfungwa privatization tisingatauri chimwe chezvinhu zvakafanana siyana - the corporatization akaitwa. mashandiro iyi privatization inova zvinogoneka pashure kuitwa nehurumende kuMudzidzisi mitemo nemirayiro. Kazhinji, musimboti mitemo wakadaro kuitira kuti mamiriro legitimizes chirongwa corporatization kana zvimwe transformations ehurumende emakambani nemasangano pachena pamwe wemari makambani.

Nokuti nyika yedu, Danho iyi yakaitika nineties remakore rapfuura. Maererano ipapo nezvoupfumi reformalov pezvakaitwa vakadaro vaifanira kusunda upfumi kutanga uye kugadzirisa nayo maererano nezvinodiwa itsva musika kwendangariro. Chii ikabudapo, pamwe wose anoyeuka.

Asi kubva musayenzi uye zvoupfumi nemaonero, vadyi hunde makambani sezvo zvibereko privatization ndeimwe yenzira kusangana uye mumisasa kuti guta.

Zvisinei, akapa siyana privatization uye nzira kushandisa iyo yakanga kuitwa munhu anogona kutaura kuti munyika dzose apo akatora nzvimbo, muitiro wakanga akanaka uye akapa chinokosha riwedzere kuti upfumi.

Kunyanya kuona musiyano pakati migumisiro privatization wokuEastern Europe uyo, pashure pokuwa Soviet Union wakatanga kuvaka pamusika upfumi muenzaniso uye munyika dzaichimbova dzeSoviet, apo imwe privatization kuti zvinetso rumutsiriro uye kugadzirisa upfumi itsva uchiongorora musika ukama. Zvisinei, kana nyika dzokuEurope basa zvimwe vakakwanisa, ipapo Kishi Zvisaririra dzomusango privatization iyo akakunda boka oligarchs, zvinopiwa nhasi. Mukuwedzera, nguva privatization munyika dzakasiyana takatsunga zvakasiyana. Uye kana nyaya haisi kufunga, uye kupa pachena kushambira, ari privatization akaitwa vachikura titenge yesangano akaitwa zvose uye nemasangano enzvimbo chimiro muruoko rimwe, zvinogona kukonzera monopolization mumusika vezvinhu imwe boka.

In nedanho privatization anogona kutora kupatsanura zvinotevera Mapato vanhu:

Vagari uye vatorwa zvizvarwa uyewo vanhu pasina chizvarwa;

Legal vanhu vari vakanyorwa pamusoro munharaunda nyika apo privatization chichaitwa;

Legal vanhu dzimwe nyika, mune gadziriro mitemo uye dzepamutemo mabasa.

Asi akatendera kuti privatization havasi kodzera vanhu vanoshanda muna State Property Fund (uye zvivako zvakafanana), pachavo mitumbi simba uye kutarisira uyewo nomutemo vanhu, vari pfuma yavo vane mugove wehurumende nzvimbo dzinopfuura 25%, uye dzimwe wekuongorora, mazita zvakatemwa nemitemo chaiye ehurumende.