Meals uye Lena rwizi utongi. Sources uye mhando zvokudya Lena River

Lena ndicho chikamu chikuru rwizi kuSiberia. Asi chikuru chiri uye nyika mitemo. Pane zvakarongwa pamusoro wakarebesa nzizi nyika nayo inoremekedzwa nzvimbo chegumi. Kureba Lena ndiyo nezvina nemazana mana makiromita. Pool riri pamusoro catchment nzvimbo kusvika maviri nehafu dzakaenzana makiromita chiuru. Inoyerera iwo rwizi pamusoro munharaunda Irkutsk nharaunda uye Yakutia.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

Okumusoro kunosvika yomurwizi, uyewo nzvimbo huru swimming madziva mukati rechibharo yakakodzera dziri munzvimbo dzemakomo mhiri Baikal, Baikal nharaunda, uyewo nomusi Aldan rwenze. Munzvimbo yacho Central Siberian Plateau huru chikamu rworuboshwe ruri mudziva kwayo. Yakadereresa mugove inopfuura nomunyika Central Yakut mubani.

kupatsanurana

In instream Lena huru zvikamu zvitatu. Wokutanga wavo - pamusoro. Parinopfuura kubva kwarwakabva kwarakabva inoyerera murwizi Vitim. The pakati chikamu rinoguma ndipo asangana Rwizi Lena. Aldan. In wechitatu, yakaderera chikamu, rwizi anotakura mvura yaro muromo.

In okumusoro kunosvika of Lena nokukurumidza uye zvakasimba nzira. Munzvimbo iyi pane zvose zviratidzo anowanzoramba kuti nzizi gomo. Panguva nokukurumidza mvura uye sinuous njanji. nzvimbo dzakawanda dzine nezvikumbaridzo. In ichi matombo kumhenderekedzo uye yakakwirira. Nechokumusoro kwerwizi aibuda aqueous furo uye mamota nokukurumidza kutamira kuchamhembe.

Mode vakatsauka uye simba rwizi kuchinja kuti nzira Kirensk. Pano Lena anotora ayo mvura rechibharo. Kirenga uye dzaserera zvishoma. mubhedha wayo vakwanise uye zvakadzika (mune dzimwe nzvimbo akaenzana makubhiti gumi). Rocky Mahombekombe vari kuenda. Nematombo kutsiva misidhari simba uye yakakwirira nemipaini, spruce uye omusipiresi. Inokura pano uye larch.

The rwizi inova simba yakatokura pashure rikawira Olekma - ayo rworudyi rechibharo. Next kuna Aldan Lena runoyerera kuburikidza Prilenskoye rwenze. Where dzarwo nevamwe uye zvikuru kumawere.

Anopedzisa pakati kosi mushure Lena vanosangana pamwe rwake rworudyi rechibharo - Aldan. Panguva iyi mukuru Siberian rwizi rinoumbwa migero vakawanda vane zvitsuwa zviduku.

In rezasi kunosvika of Lena pakanyenga zvose hwayo. Munzvimbo idzi, zvinoratidza zvose simba noukuru kuSiberia nzizi, risingazununguswi, asi kumutsa kuyemurwa uye rinofadza.

chikafu

Makumi mashanu muzana yayo wepagore eko rwizi anogamuchira kubva utsotso chando uye kunayisa muchimiro mvura. Zvimwe simba rinopiwa Lena River - pasi. Kubva kwavari anogamuchira mumwe maviri muzana mvura yacho. Saka, rudzi zvokudya Lena River - yakavhenganiswa. Asi dzakanyorwa manyuko zvezvibereko eko guru Siberian nerunako kwete chete.

Power nerubatsiro Lena River - zvakare zvose zvayo vabati vechibharo. Pamazita Izvi zvinosanganisira Aldan uye Tea, Vitin uye Olekma, Kuta uye Viluy, Kirenga uye Young, Kunzwa uye Tuolba, Buotama uye Blue. Inflows vane inosiyana. Remasangano kwavari - rwizi Vitim, uye Aldan.

Power inflows dzinowanzotsigi- rinoumbwa mvura kunobva kubvunda chando uye kunonaya. A chekubuda eko kunoitika muna pasi reservoirs. Zvisinei, ayo kukura iri dikisa, sezvo munharaunda aibuda murwizi ari wenyika yose permafrost. The chete kunze vaya munzvimbo pane chafariz matsime.

Saka, rudzi zvokudya rwizi Lena wayo rechibharo ndiye. Muchiitiko chino, rinoreva muchimiro yakavhenganiswa.

Food uye utongi rwizi Lena kunyatsotevera zvinodyidzana. Zvisinei, vari pasi mukuru hurumende kunayisa. Nokuti muromo Lena characteristically yakakura chitubu nenzizi. Akadira rwizi uye muzhizha. Panguva ino pane kanoverengeka pane yakakwirira mafashamo. Asi mumatsutso nechando pasi mvura pamuromo rakadzika.

Food uye utongi rwizi Lena anochinja zvinoshamisa muchirimo. Munguva iyi, pane chando simba uye kunyunguduka chando pakavha. Panguva mafashamo mvura mumuromo anogona kuva nzvimbo pamusoro pachiyero 250 000 cubic metres por wechipiri.

Water gutsikana

The mvura yomurwizi Lena muoti dzinoratidzwa kumusoro vavimbezve. Muchirimo, kuchinja mvura pamwero chiratidzo kunoitika Paavhareji gumi kusvika gumi mamita. The repasi ukoshi ichi chinosvika gumi mamita. Lena River muzhizha muoti kunobva kunonaya. Panguva iyo pane zvishoma mvura nenzizi. Small singi chinoratidza chando.

In mashoko mvura tigutsikane pakati Russian rwizi Lena riri panzvimbo yechipiri. By Vhoriyamu kuyerera ayo wechipiri chete Yenisei.

Lena River muoti mamirire avhareji manwiro wepagore pamuromo akaenzana gumi nezviviri cubic metres wechipiri. The kunonyanyisa nhamba iri 200 000, uye shoma - 366.

Type mvura hurumende yomurwizi Lena iri ainawo kureba kwayo. Zvisinei, pasinei neizvi, mune zvakasiyana nzvimbo mvura manwiro manhamba vane kukosha kwavo. Saka, pamusoro pamuromo rwizi Kirenga avhareji yegore negore mvura manwiro riri kumativi 480 cubic metres por wechipiri. Panguva confluence of Lena River. Vitim ukoshi uyu 1700. In miromo Olekma, Aldan uye Viluy ukuwo, 4500, 6800 uye 12 100 cubic metres por wechipiri. Asi nenyanza yeLaptev, apo Lena anotakura mvura yaro, gore negore chekubuda anenge makumi mana nezvishanu namazana cubic makiromita.

kuturika

Pamwe mana chete miriyoni matani solutes akasiyana-siyana Lena River kusvikira nenyanza yeLaptev mvura Falls pagore. Takeaway uyewo akarembedzwa sediments. Navo kwegore muwisira gungwa matani mamiriyoni gumi pamusoro. Turbidity kwemvura iri kuwanda 50-60 magiramu muzana cubic mita. Asi mwero mineralization ose 80-100 milligrams por fő.

oma

Munguva inotonhorera nguva gore tichitarisa mvura pamwero pane kuderera, uye hurumende rwizi Lena ichi zvikuru achinja. Panguva iyi, pamusoro pemvura iri wakamanikidza chando. The rwizi anotakura mvura yaro zvakasununguka shanu kana mwedzi mitanhatu mugore kumaodzanyemba uye mwedzi mina kana mishanu kuchamhembe. The mutero of Lena River -oma-up zvishoma apfuura iiswe. The rwizi pacharo akabata pasi inotonhora kuti kwapera mazuva gumi.

-oma-up chokumusoro kunosvika zviri yakatarwa pakupera October. Ari pasi - mwedzi yapfuura. Opening echando anogona yanonoka okumusoro kunosvika pakati May, uye nechepasi - kusvikira pakutanga June.

hurumende rwizi Lena zvikuru achinja panguva yomunakamwe yokumbozorora. Panguva iyi, paumbwe kuzara, izvo chaizvo anomutsa mvura revarombo.

chafariz utongi

mvura tembiricha zviratidzi yose kureba Lena River kunokosha kusiyana. The avhareji yomwedzi nomwedzi iri nzvimbo yepamusoro uye pakati chinosvika vari kumativi ndinoiitawo nemapfumbamwe. Asi panguva chando nguva (kubva November kusvika April) avhareji mvura tembiricha iri razero.

Kana rezasi kunosvika yoRwizi, apo kukosha pamwedzi nhamba dziri zvishoma yakaderera. Munyaya anodziya mwedzi, havaiti kupfuudza namanomwe inegumi. Rinotora yakareba nguva pamwe razero chiratidzo. Rinotanga muna October uye rinoguma muna May.

The tembiricha hurumende yoRwizi Lena chokumusoro mugove waro Delta ane mashoma ukoshi. Nezvenyaya iyi, munharaunda iyi pane wakarebesa nguva, mvura chando unhani.

Muzvinzwe mvura yakakwirira pamusoro rwizi Lena runogara avhareji mazuva makumi matatu nemashanu. Uyezve, muna okumusoro kunosvika nguva ino, muduku asingagumi. Ndiye mazuva makumi maviri nemanomwe. In rezasi kunosvika remvura nemafashamo agare kusvikira mazuva mana.

zvinetso zvemhoteredzo

Global kwepasi, izvo mumakore achangopfuura pasi pano, inokanganisa kurwizi. The nzvimbo inoyerera mumakore makumi mana apfuura ndaona kuwedzera wepagore mhepo tembiricha kubudikidza madhigirii mana. Panyaya iyi, tsime nenzizi zhinji simba zvikuru. Unokanganisa pasi orwizi. Uyezve, pane kufamba zvitsuwa murwizi. Nechekare muna 2009, zvakanga zvakanyorwa kwavo dzinza zvazvingava, izvo vakasvika makumi manomwe metres pagore.

zvinobatsira

Lena ndeimwe cleanest nzizi panyika. Uyezve, nhungamiro yacho haachinji munhu. Lena iri pari haana kuvakwa chero madhamu, Hydroelectric simba zvinomera, uyewo mamwe hwemvura zvirimwa. Munzvimbo yaiva kure vakawanda munzvimbo, mvura saka yakachena kuti unogona kunwa zvakananga kubva kurwizi.

Sezvaunogona kuona, rakasiyana nemamwe mamiriro nzvimbo ino iri kushanda vakachengetedzwa. Izvi imhaka ndechokuti kushandiswa Lena rwizi upfumi asati kwazvo. chikonzero ichi chinobata kusavapo vakawanda nemisha, uyewo dzakasiyana-siyana hydraulic hurongwa. Pasinei neizvi, Lena Nde chokufambisa tsinga, riri pamusoro munharaunda Yakutia. Hazvina navigable kubva mutsika Kachuga pamuromo wake. Choruzhinji kuna Ust-Kut anogona kutora nzvimbo chete midziyo vane kudzika ubate. Navigation nguva rinovapo chokumusoro kunosvika pamusoro murayiro zana namakumi matanhatu mazuva, uye nechezasi runosvika - zana namakumi maviri. Huru piers vari Yakutsk uye Zhigansk, Vitim uye Lenek, Budun uye Kirensk, uye Kachug Zhigalovo Olekminsk Sturgeon. Navigable uye zvimwe mutero of Lena. Pakati pavo Vitim uye Olekma, Kirenga uye Viluy uye Aldan.

The Lena River wokushambidzira akaita mugodhi. Inowanikwa munharaunda ino goridhe inobereka nzvimbo uye nedhaimani deposits. Lena akapfuma dziva nedombo munyu uye simbi mhangura, Mika, uye negasi. In rezasi kunosvika kworwizi hove kunokudziridzwa. Hazvina musha burbot uye cisco, Siberian whitefish uye whitefish.