Melanocorypha: tsananguro uye dzinogarisana

Lark - hombe shiri ine muviri kurema 52-67 magiramu uye kureba masendimita anenge 20, mumwe passerine, checker pamusoro, pamwechete nechityu ruvara jecha chiine, curved muromo uye makumbo akasimba. Kuzivikanwa shiri iri miviri shava makwapa pamusoro huro. Chimwe chiratidzo kunoratidzwa panguva muchitiza; chando-chena minhenga akanyanyisa flanking mapapiro. Mukono nehadzi anenge akafanana chitarisiko uye kukura, saka vane zvakaoma chaizvo kuti kusiyanisa kunyange ane ruzivo yehuku varimi.

Vanoda zvinonaka trills govera norwiyo shiri iyi. Melanocorypha kuimba kutiza, paakaranga kunzwisisa, vaine zvinyorwa, nziyo dzakanaka chaizvo. Song anodana uye popped, asi inofadza nzeve. Ndicho chikonzero shiri dzakakurumbira chaizvo pakati vanoda mhuka.

dzinogarisana

Melanocorypha vanogara Russia, Ukraine, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Portugal, Libya nedzimwe nyika. Vanosarudza inowanzorimwa nzvimbo, minda pamwe makobvu uswa, uswa nharaunda, kusarudza nzvimbo kudziyirwa ne zuva. Plant chaiyo zvatinofarira anopiwa somuzivi, asteri uye mvere bluegrass viviparous, kuronga navo pasi dendere. Mumamiriro nzvimbo kurarama yegore, kazhinji kusarudza nzvimbo idzi nokuda chando.

nesting Features

Dendere melanocorypha zvakamoniwa mashizha ezviyo, midzi uye pemashanga uswa bwesango, mumukaha pasi guru gwenzi miriwo. Very kashoma anogona kuonekwa yakaoma bhiza mupfudze kana pasi padombo. The hadzi mazai 3 kusvika 6 (ndiro apo neapo). Ivo makwapa, tsvina zvakasvibirira. mhuri Bird kugadzirisa kure 100 metres kubva mumwe.

The hadzi incubates mazai zvishoma kupfuura vhiki mbiri, uye ipapo zvakafanana chikafu juveniles. Pashure pemwedzi mishomanana vaduku shiri kupindamo packs it, dzimwe nguva kusvika kusvika vanhu 200, uye vachidzungaira dzichitsvaka zvokudya. Mapoka akadaro zvakachengeterwa mazambiringa akachengetwa. Vane ruzha kwazvo nokuda rwiyo, vachiridza chitubu uye ushamwari kwematsutso mazuva.

chikafu

Yehuku Varimi vanoti kuti mumwe chinhu Calandra Lark. Shiri anodya - mubvunzo chinokunakidza zhinji. Mapoka shiri uchapedza hombe mari zvinokuvadza tumbuyu, kudzivirira uswa minda uye mizambiringa yakabva kumwe ezviyo. Asi mbeu wemasora kuramba ari nemarara anogona imere. Saka, pane kudyara minda nemasora, kuzadza mundoparadza kukohwa zvirimwa. Pachavo zviyo shiri usagunzva, kudya chete akawira pasi muitiro wokuunganidza kana zviyo kuibvisa.

Aunganidze zvose zvakawanika izvi, zvichava kuteura nengaidzo kune zvakanaka, saka kukuvara pashamwari tumbuyu, vanoparadza zvirimwa uye akaibva dzezviyo, Chokwadi, kupfuura kukuvara nemasora, kuwana munda, uye pasina kubatsirwa shiri.

Idya melanocorypha tawira pasi mbeu rekushongedzesa uye zviyo, vakavashaiwa kunyange pasi chando. Zvavanodya izvi tupukanana: mhashu, zvipembenene, weevils, zviyo zvipembenene, nhunzi, masvosve, akasiyana-siyana makonye uye madandaude. shiri Early anogona kuwana mayo Zvipembenene burrowing munyika pepasi. shiri iyi kunwa mvura yakachena, asi kuona uye wakawanda waterhole.

Kuramba muutapwa

Melanocorypha ndezvimwe zvezvisarudzo kufarira songbirds emusango yehuku varimi. Izvi imhaka pakururama yavo kugutsikana. Akura hondo uye vakakwezvwa paruoko, vakakurumidza vajaira vanhu. Changu kusurukirwa reshiri kunobatsira boka revamwe larks, anogona kuva mumwe subspecies, izvo zvichaita kuderedza kutya uye utsinye. Imbirai vakatapwa shiri dzinotanga pazuva rechina, mangwanani kusvikira pakati pousiku, chiedza yemagetsi zvakanaka zvaitombova. Care zvinofanira kutorwa kuitira kuti zvinhu zvakanga dzakakodzerana larks, zvikasadaro vanogona kurwara. The vakasununguka Kuwanikwa inofanira kugara mvura yakachena shiri havanzwi nenyota.

Izvo sikweya kutenga?

Melanocorypha, tsananguro izvo zvinoratidza kuti masero kuramba nani kusarudza vaine bumpers uye nyoro pamusoro, uye nguva dzose ine retractable pasi, havadi zvakanaka. Soft denga zvinodiwa shiri vakaputsa musoro wake kubva tsika kuzobvisa zvikuru kumusoro kana anotya. Pazasi sero uchidururwa paiva jecha vanenge 15 masendimita dzakachena, vakaisa mabwe makuru uye huni.

shiri aya anenge kumbobvira pazvigaro matavi uye minzwa. Lark akadyisa zviyo wemisanganiswa pasina hemp mbeu, manyoro uye akaomeswa mazai kusvosve, grated makarotsi, yakaderera-mafuta yokurenda chizi, tika. Zvadzinofura wokutanga akadurura pamusoro jecha, seshiri regai pakarepo kumbojaira kuti feeder. Vane kufadzwa nziyo dzavo wehondo kumativi makore 10 zvakakodzera yokuzvigadzirisa. Vanofa muchirimo uye, sezvo ushe, pakarepo uye vakatsanya zvikuru. Vanhu vanoda kutenga shiri, asi hauzivi kuti chii chinenge Calandra Lark, mapikicha kuchakubatsira kunzwisisa.

Bata mufananidzo shiri iyi zvinoratidzwa mabhuku, sonorous kuimba inorondedzerwa enganonyorwa pamusoro Turgenev uye nhetembo Alekseya Tolstogo. Uye Dagestani munyori Kulunchakovoy vane yokufungidzira "Steppenwolf lark" umo iye chinoenzana shiri iyi vakadzi simba uye simba kwake vari kurwira kodzero rudo uye kudiwa.