Microcontroller ESP8266: unobva uye configuring

vanozvishandisa vakawanda kare akakwanisa kutsausa ayo pfungwa ESP8266-12 Chip aburitswa Espressif. Mari ndiyo isingadhuri zvikuru kupfuura mureza Makaralı-adapteri kadhi, uye dzimwe kukura duku, ave zvakawanda zvinhu. Zvino vose musha mafeni nomukana kunoshanda Wi-Fi samambure mu modes maviri, kureva, kubatanidza kombiyuta yako chero mapindiro pfungwa kana anosanganisira sechinhu pfungwa.

Ukuwo, unofanira nzisisa chii makadhi aya kwete Shield, akagadzirirwa chete yokukurukura Via Wi-Fi. Pacharo ESP8266 pachahwo microcontroller, iyo ine UART rayo, GPIO uye SPI-inowanikwa, kureva rinogona kushandiswa senzvimbo zvachose kuzvidzora ine michina. Vakawanda pashure Chip ichi akaritumidza kumukira wechokwadi, uye nokufamba kwenguva, zvakadai mano ichavakwa kunyange inokosha mhando zvigadzirwa, asi chero mudziyo wacho mutsva uye yakatsiga firmware pamusoro hazvisi. Nyanzvi dzakawanda pasi rose vari kuedza kugadzira yako firmware, nekuti kuzvizadzisa vatariri zvechokwadi haana kuoma, asi pasinei nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana, asi mudziyo zvino anogona kunzi zvikuru dzakakodzera kushandiswa.

Panguva iyoyo, isu funga zviviri chete nzira yokuti kushandisa module ichi:

• Kushandisa bhodhi akabatana kweimwe microcontroller, kana kombiyuta, izvo chichaitwa kuburikidza nokudzora module UART.
• Independent kunyora firmware nokuda Chip runovabvumira zvino kurishandisa somunhu kuzvidzora ine chimwe.

Zviri muropa kuti kufunga yakazvimirira firmware iyi, Hatidi.

Kutarisa kudekara kushandiswa uye mabasa akanaka, vanhu vakawanda vari pakati zhinji microcontrollers hwavo zvaunoda ESP8266 womuenzaniso. Unobatanidza uye updating ari firmware ari mudziyo uri nyore chaizvo uye nyore, uye akaita musi iwoyo Hardware yauri unobatanidza midziyo kuti kombiyuta. Ndicho chete mhiri USB-TTL-convert kana, kana munhu anoda mamwe connectivity zvokusarudza, anogona kuitwa kuburikidza RPi uye Arduino.

How kuongorora?

Kuti kuidza functionality richangobva kutenga mudziyo, unofanira kushandisa rinokosha tsime akagadzikana voltage, kusvika 3,3 volts. Pakarepo zvinokosha kuziva kuti chaiye ari module romugove voltage siyana kubva 3 kusvika 3,6 volts, uye ikawanda voltage wedzerai pakarepo kutungamirira kuti uchingoda zvichaita kukuvadza ESP8266 yenyu. Flash nezvimwe Software pashure ezvinhu akafanana angatanga kushanda zvakanaka, uye iwe watova kugadzirisa chikwata kana chinhu kugadzirisa kuti.

Kuti tizive chokupika ari microcontroller womuenzaniso, unongofanira kuva kubatanidza matatu Pin:

• CH_PD uye VCC chokuita kuti simba nerubatsiro 3,3 volts.
• GND zvakabatana pasi.

Kana musingadi kushandisa kunyanya-01, uye mamwe module uye zviri pakutanga chipo yaiwana GPIO15, ipapo kuti nyaya unofanira, uye zvichava mberi chokuita pasi.

Kana fekitari firmware kumhanya kuitiswa, ipapo nyaya unogona kuona chiedza dzvuku, uye ipapo vaviri nguva achaita boira mutema. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti tsvuku simba chiedza asina vose ESP8266 Series namano. Firmware vamwe mano haripi jekeso chiedza dzvuku, kana module vasipo (zvikurukuru, ichi zvinoreva kunyanya-12 womuenzaniso).

Pashure unobatanidza yako Wireless rezvebonde iri kusashanda ne mutsva kuwana pfungwa, izvo uchanzi ESP_XXXX, uye unogona kuonekwa chero mudziyo kuti ane kuwana Wi-Fi. Panyaya iyi, zita kuwana pfungwa iri zvakananga novimba mugadziri wacho firmware auri kushandisa, uye saka angava dzimwe.

Kana pfungwa anoita kuoneka, unogona kuramba vachiedza, zvimwe vachafanira kuitisa apiwa rokudzokorora simba, uyewo Kururama GND uye CH_PD nokwauri, uye kana zvose zvakabatana nemazvo, ipapo Ungangove, uchiri kuedza kushandisa akatyoka chikwata kana zviri nyore akagadzawo firmware nevasiri mureza kurongwa.

Sei nokukurumidza batanidza nayo?

Standard seti kunodiwa kuti maererano nokuda module ichi zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

• ari module pachayo;
• solderless breadboard;
• zvakazara akagadzirwa waya amai, baba, rakagadzirirwa prototyping puranga, kana chinokosha waya Dupont MF;
• USB-TTL convert kwakavakirwa PL2303, FTDI kana zvimwe zvakafanana chip. The yakanakisisa Ipfungwa - kana USB-TTL adapteri kuri goho RTS uye DTR, nekuti nokuda ichi inogona kubudirira zvikuru nokukurumidza kukopa firmware kubva vamwe UDK, Arduino Ide kana Sming, pasina kunyange kudiwa Chinyorwa nokuchinja GPIO0 pasi.

Kana ukashandisa convert 5 volts, ipapo tinofanira kutenga wokuwedzera voltage regulator Chip pahwaro 1117 kana zvakafanana, uyewo simba kwaibva (nokuti mureza 1117 kwazvo yakakodzera kunyange zvavo uchiraira kubva smartphone kusvika 5 volts). Zvinokurudzirwa kwete kushandisa Arduino Ide kana USB-TTL kune rimwe simba mabviro ESP8266, uye kushandisa muzvitsaure, nekuti unogona kubvisa nokuda ichi pakupedzisira kurema matambudziko.

Advanced seti kupa hwomutambarakede uye kugara nebasa pamwe module anopa kudiwa mamwe simba connectors, resistors, LEDs usevere-haizoshandisi. Uyezve, zvingadarowo kushandisa isingadhuri USB tarisisa, iyo inoita kuti nguva dzose kuongorora uwandu ano kuparadzwa, uye kupa zvishoma kudzivirirwa USB nebhazi panowanikwa dunhu pfupi.

Ndinofanira kuita sei?

Chokutanga zvinokosha kuziva chokwadi chokuti ESP8266 masimba kungava siyanei zvichienderana izvo chaizvo muenzaniso iwe kushandisa. modules kwakadaro nhasi chaizvo chaizvo, uye chinhu chokutanga kuti vachada - ndiko kuziva muenzaniso uye muri kuishandisa kuona mbambo kubatana. Mubhuku rino, tichataura pamusoro kushanda pamwe module ESP8266 kunyanya-01 V090, uye kana ukashandisa dzimwe muenzaniso yaiwana Ping GPIO15 (HSPICS, MTDO), unofanira kudhonza naye pasi sezvinoita mureza module kutanga uye nokuti firmware muoti.

Zvadaro kaviri-tarisa kuti romugove voltage nokuda chokuita module iri 3.3 volts. Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, asi zvinobvumidzwa siyana kubva 3 kusvika 3,6 volts, uye panyaya kuwedzera mudziyo rapera, asi nerubatsiro voltage kungatove dzinokwanisa kuvatumwa 3 volts, izvo yakanyorwa magwaro.

Kana ukashandisa USB-TTL convert 3,3 volts, ipapo module zvakabatana zvakafanana sezvo parutivi pamufananidzo pazasi kuruboshwe. Kana rikashandiswa bedzi pyativoltovy USB-TTL, ipapo kuteerera kurutivi rworudyi nhamba. Zvingaita kuti kodzero iri yakawanda nokuti kuti akashandisa yoga simba shoma, asi chaizvoizvo ari nyaya USB-TTL kushandiswa convert 5 volts chinhu chinodiwa zvikuru kuti chimwezve mugoveri resistors kuti tibu- harmonization kuti trehvoltovyh uye pyativoltovyh kwevari pfungwa, kana kungoti vanoshandisa module kutendeuka mumatunhu.

Hook Up Special Features

Kurudyi pane kubatana dhayagiramu UTXD (TX), uyewo URXD (RX) ari module kuti pyativoltovoy pfungwa, TTL, uye akatakura kubva nzira dzakadaro kuitwa panguva yako hatiripe. By ESP8266 Rondedzero panoti kuti chikwata inoshanda zvinobudirira chete 3.3V zvisingarambiki. In ruzhinji nyaya, kunyange kune imwe midziyo pfungwa pyativoltovoy hapashayikwi, asi pano neapo pane mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, saka akwirwe yakadaro haina inokurudzirwa.

Kana usingakwanisi kushandisa akazvitsaurira USB-TTL convert 3,3 volts, inogona kushandiswa mugoveri resistors. Uyewo kucherechedza ndechokuti zvakarurama mufananidzo Power 1117 stabilizer zvakabatana pasina dzokuwedzera muridzo unoridzirwa, uye zviri zvechokwadi kushanda zvigadzirwa, asi zviri zvichiri zvakanaka kushandisa wiring dhayagiramu 1117 pamwe capacitor strapping - vanofanira kuwiriranisa pamwe ESP8266 datasheet kupinda stabilizer yako kana kushandisa kare zvachose vakagadzirira module, inobva maererano 1117.

Kutanga Unit, unofanira kuputsa cheni GPIO0-OMR, ipapo zvinokwanisika kupa simba. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zvose unofanira kuzviita kuti, kureva, tanga nechokwadi chokuti GPIO0 «akarembera mudenga", uye chete ipapo kushandisa simba CH_PD uye VCC.

How kubatanidza zvakanaka?

Kana unogona dzitsaurire manheru chete kuti anowanzoita batanidza ESP8266 module, unogona kushandisa akatsiga zvikuru kuita. Panguva dhayagiramu pamusoro unoona kubatana sarudzo pamwe zvaitika vachizvitakudza firmware.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mufananidzo pamusoro haaratidzi kushandisa rusununguko GPIO uye ADC, uye kubatana achava zvakananga kuvimba chii chaizvoizvo uchida dzika, asi kana uchida nechokwadi kudzikama, musakanganwa kudhonza zvose GPIO Power uye ADC pasi kushandisa muedzo-up resistor.

10k resistors, kana zvichikodzera, zvinogona kutsiviwa neimwe iri kuwanda 4,7k kuti 50k, dzakakudzingai GPIO15, sezvo ayo sezvadziri havachiri pane 10k. Sangano capacitor rimire yakakwirira Frequency ripple kungava siyanei.

Remubatanidzwa GPIO16 Reset uye kuburikidza nokushandisa nehope resistor 470 ohms zvingava zvakakodzera kana uchishandisa runoenzanirana rudzi, sezvo kuti ribude kubva nehope muoti, kuti module anoita yakazara Reset kuti aite yakaderera pamwero kupa GPIO16. Pasina izvi remubatanidzwa nehope muoti kuti chikwata yenyu ichagara nokusingaperi.

Pakutanga, zvingaita sokuti GPIO0, GPIO1 (TX), GPIO2, GPIO3 (RX) uye GPIO15 wakabatikana, saka shandisa nokuda kwezvinangwa zvavo hakushandi, asi chaizvoizvo hazvina kudaro. A zvakakwana yakakwirira azvipire kuna GPIO0 uye GPIO2, uyewo pasi kuna GPIO15 kungadiwa chete kutanga startup pamusoro module, uye mune ramangwana yatova zvinobvira kuzvishandisa panguva yayo kungwara. Chinhu bedzi chakakodzera nezvenyu - usakanganwa kupa zvinodiwa nhanho asati vaite zvizere Reset yako michina.

Unogonawo kushandisa TX, RX sezvo GPIO1 uye GPIO3 nzira, asi musakanganwa kuti mushure module atange mumwe firmware anotanga "kudhonza" ari TX kufanana kuita debugging ruzivo akatuma UART0 pamwero wenyika 74480, asi pashure ichaitwa inobudirira download, unogona kushandisa kwete chete sezvo UART0 kuti mashoko exchange mumwe mudziyo, asiwo se mureza GPIO.

For modules umo shoma rakasanganiswa nembambo (somuenzaniso, kunyanya-01) haisi kunodiwa kubatanidza undiluted nembambo, kureva kunyanya-01 akatunhidzwa chete: GND, CH_PD, VCC, GPIO0, GPIO2 uye Reset, uye avo iwe unofanira sungisa. Hapana chikonzero kuti soldered zvakananga Chip ESP8266EX, uye ipapo kudhonza nembambo undiluted, kana uchinyatsoda.

Kwakadaro chati kubatana anoshandiswa pashure vakawanda kuedza kuitwa nyanzvi vanokwanisa uye vakaungana kubva muzvizhinji mashoko akasiyana. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kunyange zvirongwa zvakadaro haagoni kunzi vakanaka, nokuti unogona kushandisa zvimwe, zvakaenzana vanobudirira zvokusarudza.

Connection Via Arduino

Kana iwe mamwe chikonzero, kwakanga kusina USB-TTL convert 3,3 volts, ipapo WiFi ESP8266 module inogona kwakabatana nomukombiyuta Arduino pamwe Integrated convert. Pano unofanira kutanga kuteerera zvitatu zvinokosha:

• Parinoshandiswa pamwe ESP8266 Arduino Reset pakutanga kubatana kuna GND, kubvisa kukwanisa kumhanya microcontroller uye chimiro ichi yaishandiswa senzira läpinäkyvä USB-TTL convert.
• RX uye TX haina kubata "panguva kuyambuka", uye zvakananga - RX-RX (green), TX-TX (tsvuku).
• Zvose kwakabatana saizvozvo sezvo kumusoro.

What nezvacho

In zano iri kunoda chienderane akaturikidzana 5 volt TTL Arduino, uye 3,3 volts musi ESP8266, asi anogona ishande zvakanaka kudaro.

Kana chokuita ESP8266 Arduino inogona nepokuongorora voltage regulator, kwete withstanding magetsi izvo zvinodiwa ESP8266, somugumisiro, usati Activate payo, unofanira bvunza datashipom munhu akashandiswa iwe. Regai edza mamwe simba unoparadza zvinhu pamwe ESP8266, sezvo izvi zvingaita kuti chokwadi chokuti pakuvara voltage regulator Arduino akangoti rotsva.

Uyewo, pane imwe kubatana dhayagiramu ESP8266 uye Arduino, iyo inoshandisa SoftSerial. Sezvo raibhurari SoftSerial chengarava nokukurumidza akaenzana 115200, akanyanya kukwirira uye hazvigoni nechokwadi kugadzikana oparesheni haina varumbidzwa, kubatana uku nzira kushandisa, kunyange zvazvo pane zvimwe zviitiko apo akunoita akatsiga zvikuru.

Connection Via RaspberryPi

Kana usina zvachose chero USB-TTL converters, pane nyaya unogona kushandisa RaspberryPi. Muchiitiko chino, nokuti ESP8266 zvirongwa uye kubatana zviri zvakafanana, asi pano hazvina kudaro nyore, uye anowedzera vanofanira kushandisa chikafu somunhu stabilizer pa 3,3 volts.

Kutanga RX, TX uye GND mudziyo yedu kubatanidza ESP8266, VCC uye GND ubvise yaidzorwa simba nerubatsiro, akaverenga pamusoro 3,3 volts. Pano, vainyatsotarisirwa inofanira kubhadharwa kuti chokwadi kuti unofanira kuita kubatana mano GND, ndiro stabilizer RaspberryPi uye ESP8266. Kana akavaka kupinda mudziyo wako womuenzaniso regulator angakudzivisai kusvika 300 Ma mimwezve mutoro, saka ESP8266 kubatana zvakajairika, asi zviri zvose zvinoitwa panguva yako hatiripe.

kugadzira pazviruva

Kana iwe kunzwisisa sei kubatanidza ESP8266, unofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti vatyairi kuti mudziyo wako akamisa nemazvo, kuitira kuti nyika itsva rakapotsa Serial chiteshi rakawedzerwa hurongwa. Kuchava kushandisa chirongwa - Serial Port Terminal. Pfungwa, mashoko utility vangadzidza chero kuti kufarira, asi iwe unofanira kunzwisisa kuti chero chikwata kuti iwe uchava akatumira Serial chiteshi, pakupedzisira vanofanira achitevera vatambi CR + LF.

kushandiswa nokururamisira kwakapararira CoolTerm ESPlorer uye utilities, yokupedzisira runoita kwete kupinda ESP8266 ari AT rinorayira pachavo, uye izvi zvinoita nyore kushanda kuu mumanyoro pasi NodeMCU, saka zviri nyore kushandiswa sechiero inouraya.

Nokuti zvisingatomboiti kubatana kune Serial chengarava vachafanira kuita basa rakawanda, nokuti firmware nokuti ESP8266 vari kunyanya-siyana uye activation zvinogona kuitwa panguva aimhanya siyana. Kuti kusarudza chakanakisisa sarudzo, unofanira kuenda kuburikidza zvitatu zvinokosha zvokusarudza: 9600, 57600 uye 115200.

How kugadzirisa?

Kutanga, kubatanidza chinouraya Software kune Serial chengarava riri rakapotsa nokufumura parameters 9600 8N1, ipapo wana yakazara module Reset, waipedza CH_PD (Chip dzinoita) simba, uye ipapo Activate zvakare, vachikanganisa CH_PD. Unogonawo kushandisa aitenderera pfupi kuti zvakohwewa Reset kuti restart kuti chikwata uye kuchengeta mashoko ari chirwere.

Wokutanga akatungamirira mudziyo kuti uratidzwe saizvozvo sezvinoratidzwa rondedzero ongororo nzira. Unofanirawo kuchengeta chinouraya akagadzirwa mavara akasiyana kuti ichaguma pamwe vakagadzirira, uye kana hazvina, reconnect kuti chirwere yaiitwa panguva yakasiyana kumhanya, anoteverwa reboot pamusoro module.

Kana uchiona mumwe nzira dzakapiwa mutsetse akurumidze, anogona kunzi vakazvigadzirira module kuti kushanda.

Sei dzifambirane firmware?

Mushure iwe kuisa ESP8266, kubatanidza mudziyo anotora mumasekonzi chete vashoma, uye ipapo achava akagadzirira ndiwedzere firmware wako. Kuisa Software itsva zvaunofanira kuita inotevera.

Chokutanga, download ichangobva firmware shanduro kubva pamutemo yepaIndaneti uye paIndaneti mumwe utility kuti kwepfumo. Pano, vainyatsotarisirwa anofanira kupiwa chii uchishandisa gadziriro yakaiswa pamusoro muchina unomhanya ESP8266. Unobva mano yakanakisisa anoitwa kuti vakuru Windows 7 hurongwa.

For mureza Windows Os zviri Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri kushandisa purogiramu inonzi XTCOM UTIL, riri kunyanya nyore basa, kana firmware ndeimwe chete faira. Yakanakisisa multi-pachikuva Ipfungwa vanofanira dana utility esptool, izvo, zvisinei, anoda kuti Shato, uye kudiwa kutaridzwa parameters chemurayiro mutsetse. Uyezve, maererano ESP8266 chinoumba mabasa unokubvumira nyore kuita chirongwa Flash Download Danho, iro rine zvakakwana yokuwanda anoiswa, uyewo yakakodzera zvemichina yokugadza firmware multiple mafaira.

Next, patsanura chirongwa chako chinouraya kubva Serial chiteshi, uye zvakazara patsanura kubva mains CH_PD, GPIO0 kubatanidza module kuna GND, uye ipapo CH_PD inogona kudzokera shure. Pakupedzisira, chete kutanga purogiramu module firmware uye Takudzai vari ESP8266 ataure.

Mugore Ruzhinji rwakapindura zviitiko firmware iri akatakura kupinda chikwata ari kumhanya munzvimbo 115.200, asi rinokosha muoti rinopa otomatiki kugovera velocity, saka kuti firmware anogona kuitwa panguva kumhanya anopfuura 9600, updating kuti iripo ESP8266 basa. Arduino rinoshandiswa kuti kubatana kana USB-TTL - hakurevi vane basa rinokosha pano, sipidhi inodiwa ichitovimbawo kureba tambo anoshandiswa convert uye nezvimwewo zvinoverengeka.