Nhoroondo Internet: pakanga uye gore chii chii rakavambwa

The kombiyuta pasina paIndaneti nhasi - chinhu rinoita maturo. Chokwadi, ichi ndicho chinonyanya nyore nzira yokukurukura, ndinonzvera ruzivo, uye kunyange kuita mari. Asi hazvina nguva dzose - pakutanga samambure yagadzirwa ndeimwewo chinangwa.

Ayakaita?

Saka, nokuti chii Indaneti akasikwa, umo iye akaonekwa, uye vaiva vanoshandisa yaro yokutanga? "Vabereki 'pose rezvebonde vaiona Chokwadi, weDhipatimendi Defence United States uyo muna 1957 akashanyira pfungwa kudiwa kuti rutare (kana hondo) yakavimbika marongedzero exchange pakati operative mashoko. The basa rokusika rokutanga kombiyuta pomumbure yakaiswa pamafudzi vanoverengeka achitungamirira US tsvakurudzo masangano.

Nemhaka norupo mubhizimisi kubva Bazi Defence, kare muna 1969, akaiswa chirongwa yainzi ARPANET, izvo yakabatana mashoko richikurukura havaoni ayo: California University, Stanford Research Centre, Yunivhesiti Utah uye California. Nokukurumidza nyika nokuda kushanda kwayo uye yose sezvakaita akatanga kuumba uye vakava kunyanya akakurumbira pakati masayendisiti nguva.

"The akatendeuka usiku" munhoroondo nemambure

Chii gore akazogadzira Internet, isu kare munoziva. Asi chii chiri kuonekwa musi rokuberekwa kwake? October ichi 29, 1969. Nhasi nhasi kuonekwa kwakabva nhoroondo yacho. Ngationei kuyeuka zvakaitika kuti rinokosha zuva, kana zvirinani usiku. Zvakangotanga vakatanga 21:00, apo wokutanga chechikamu zvizere pakati California uye Stanford yakaitwa. Kupararira mashoko anoshandiswa ne University of California Charli Klayn, uye akatora kupinda Stanford Bill Duvall, vachisimbisa okutambirwa nechimwe chiratidzo runhare. Asi sezvo vachiti, wokutanga Pancakes anogara lumpy, saka kuti pashure kutanga kwegadziriro vatambi vatatu (Onawo), akatadza. Bright pfungwa American nesayenzi iri awa nehafu kuvaka Links, uye kare panguva 22:30 basa rakatanga: Bill Duvall akabvuma okutambirwa zvizere chiyamuro rinorayira kuti mambure (LOGON).

Saka kana uine charehwa vakasikwa paIndaneti mune gore, kunyange kupfuura chinyakare, kupindura nechivimbo: October 29, 1969.

Email - kusundira vazhinji

Zvakanaka, pashure kuti akaenda akaita clockwork. Nechekare makore matatu gare gare, October 2, 1971, yakanga yakagadzirwa nevakawanda saka nhasi, zvinoreva kukurukurirana - e-mail. Bumbiro remitemo wokutanga mameseji chirongwa vakasikwa ARPANET,
Chaiva 200 mitsetse. Izvi zvekuvaka - basa Ray Tomlinson, kutungamirira injiniya BBN Technologies, yakaitwa tsika kuti achiri kushanda so delimiter pakati inodzidzisa zita uye soumambo kero. chiratidzo ichi nhasi isu muchizvikudza kudana "imbwa".

Pakatanga e-mail kuti vakawanda raiva mutsindo chiitiko munhoroondo Internet kukura. Umo gore paiva wokutanga e-mail, hazvina basa. The chikuru ndechokuti nekuvongwa iye, kunyange kana vasina kukwana rezvebonde kwava yose, kuti kuisa roga mamiriyoni vanoshandisa vanofarira.

Nyika debut

1973 anonzi kutanga dzakawanda vakawanda paIndaneti, sezvinoita transatlantic runhare wire UK uye Norway vakanga chokuita US ruzivo hurongwa. Uye pashure pemakore 10 ARPANET akapiwa zita idzva - Indaneti. Umo gore paiva izwi yatiri kudana muchizvikudza Nyika Wide Web? In 1983.

Panguva ino, Indaneti yazova kwete chete nzira kutumira e-mail, asiwo chikuva kuti varindi nhau uye zviziviso. Muna 1984 iye akazogadzira ari Domain Name System, waiva kupa mukana robhoti pamwe Internet kero. Mugore iroro akanga zvakasikwa chimwe chikuru Intercollegiate Network NSFNET, izvo zvakafanana kukodzera makwikwi kuna ARPANET.

Mabviro nzira ano yokukurukurirana

Chat Online nhasi hakwaikwanisika kana usina dzakabudirira IRC dzakati, iro akashandurirwa zvakafanana nokutaura hakurevi kuti mumwe, sezvo "tauriranai". Internet pasina hazvina kuva Internet. Umo gore pakanga Kukurukura basa nguva chaiyo? In 1988.

1989 kwakaratidza veMubatanidzwa World wechokwadi Wide Web. Pfungwa iri rakauya kuna Tim Barnes-Lee, uyo zvinganaka kubatanidza anowanika mashoko panguva nemambure mugomba chete, dzibatane, anonzi World Wide Web. Ita izvozvo vakafunga kuburikidza hyperlinks. Panguva iyoyo yakati kubatidza kuti HTTP dzakati yambokurukurwa pamwe HTML.

ARPANET vakaguma kuvapo tichishandisa yapfuura - muna 1990, uye zvose nokuda NSFNET, waiva mukuru kwaari munzira dzakawanda. Just gore rimwe pashure pacho akasunungurwa mumwe Browser itsva NCSA waMosesi, zvawakabudiswa nazvo World Wide Web dzawanika kuruzhinji nzira yokukurukurirana. Nechekare sezvo 1997 paIndaneti kubva makombiyuta anenge mamiriyoni 10 uye anopfuura miriyoni nzvimbo vakanyorwa hurongwa.

Zvino kuti unoziva gore chii akasika Internet, vaiita izvozvo uye nei. Chero zvakanga, ichi ndicho kubudirira mukuru zvigadzirwa sainzi, izvo kwemakore akawanda akanga chinokosha mazuva ano.