Mitambo yemitambo yemakombiyuta: ronga. Kuenzanisa kwemitambo yemakombiyuta nemhando

Anenge makore makumi maviri akapfuura, kusarudzwa kwemitambo yemakombiyuta nemhando yakange isiri nzvimbo yekuve, asi varaidzo yepamusoro yaivepo, uye yakatova yakawanda kwazvo. Mazhinji emakwikwi ano iye zvino anobva panguva chaiye. Nhasi, vateereri uye vatori venhau vanomira zvakasimba musungo mumwe nomumwe weIgroprom kune rumwe rudzi. Zvisinei, vanhu vakasiyana havakwanise kubvumirana pane chinhu chimwe chete.

Basic Groups

Kuisa mitambo yemakombiyuta nemhando yakange isingaoneki zvakaoma zvikuru, zvakakosha kutsanangura mapoka matatu, izvo zvinogona kufungidzirwa zvizhinji zvezvirongwa zvemutambo:

• Mitambo yakasimba. Kubva kumubheja iwe unoda huwandu hwekuita kasi nekururama. Minimal mabasa ekuchenjera.
• Kuronga Mitambo. Chinhu chikuru mukati mavo ndechekusimudzirwa nekuongororwa kwemamiriro acho ezvinhu. Panguva imwe chete, munhu haafaniri kufunga nezvenyaya yemazuva ano, asiwo pamusoro pezvingaitika kune zvinotevera uye zvipi zvingawanikwa mune ramangwana. Izvo zvakapedzisira uye zvakajeka zvakafanana chess.
• Mutambo wechikwata. Inogona kunge ine zvinyorwa zvezvikwata zviviri zvinorondedzerwa pamusoro, asi chinangwa ndechokuenderera mberi pachigadziro, uye kwete kukunda muvengi.

Arcade

Arcade imwe yemhando dzekare kare. Chavo chikuru ndechekusarudzwa kwakanyanya. Semuenzaniso, mutambi haafaniri kuziva chero chii pamusoro pokuti angayendesa motokari sei muupenyu chaihwo. Ingofa pabhokisi ye museve kuti uchinje.

Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti zviri nyore chaizvo kukunda arcade. Vagadziri vakawanda vanotevera mutemo wegoridhe: zviri nyore kuziva, zvakaoma kukunda.

Iyo mabhendi inogona kugoverwa muzvikamu zvishoma-genres:

• Mupumburu - Mutambo une mazinga akasiyana-siyana anopinda ari kuruboshwe kana kurudyi. Izvi zvinosanganisira classic Golden Ax.
• Gara - kutanga unoda kuita basa mune imwe nzvimbo shoma, mushure mekunge uzarura musuo, izvo zvinokubvumira kuti uende kune imwe inotevera. Chimiro chemumiriri weGigger.
• Nharaunda - chinangwa chinowanikwa pane zvinangwa (Duck Hunt, mamwe mazinga e "Contra").

Nhasi, nekuda kwevanokurudzira vanozvimiririra, pane dzakawanda maascades pakusangana kwemavara. Vanobatanidza kusachena kweklasi yepakutanga uye yakaoma nezvimwe zvikamu.

Action

Mitambo yemakombiyuta genre action inokurudzira kutungamirirwa kwemunhu. Mhedzisiro huru kubva kuAccades inonetsa. Uye inoratidzirwa kwete muhuwandu hwekuedza kushandiswa kukunda, asi mukugadzirwa kwe gameplay uye zvakatipoteredza. Kakawanda nguva dzose, unyanzvi anoedza kuita kuti chokwadi chaicho chive chechokwadi sezvinobvira (hazvigoni kukwira murusvingo rwakadzika kana kuruka pamusoro pemakumi mashoma masentimita, munhu wokutanga achiona, kubvumidzwa nekukurumidza kwekufamba, nezvimwewo).

Tinogona kutaura kuti madzitateguru akanga achiri masikati, asi rusununguko rukuru rwakabva ruchivaona muboka rakasiyana.

Kana iwe ukaita mhando yemitambo yemakombiyuta nemhando, chiito chichava panzvimbo yekutanga. Zvakaitika kuti zvese zvinowanikwa zvechikamu ichi nguva dzose dziri mberi kwekufambira mberi. Izvo zvinoitika shure kwemukati wekutanga gameplay yakavanza mifananidzo yakaisvonaka, iyo yose yakanaka iyo inogona kuonekwa kwete pamakombiyuta ose. Zvakakosha kuyeuka Doom3 kana Crysis.

Action Options

Mitambo yemitambo yemakombiyuta, iyo tafura iyo inowanzobudiswa mumagazini inotenderera uye pamapepanhau emamwe ruzivo ruzivo, inowanzogoverwa muzvikamu zviduku. Uye chiito chacho ndecheimwe ye "yakawanda kwazvo".

Chokutanga pane zvose, zvakakosha kuziva chiyero pakati pekuita nekushanda kwepfungwa. Vamwe varwi vanofunga kupururudza pane zvose zvinofamba, vamwe vanoda kudzidziswa zvakamanikidzika, vachidzidza nzvimbo, vachidzidzira maitiro.

Yokutanga inonyanya kuswedera kumasasa (Serious Sam, Dambudziko, CoD). Vanotakura mutambi wacho yakawanda yevavengi, kukurumidza kwekuita, nyaya inopinda.

Kune rumwe rutivi rwechiyero isha-chiito. Iyi nharaunda yakaonekwa zvishoma munguva ichangopfuura. Kupfura kana kuuraya pano hazvifaniri kudiwa zvachose, kana zvinowanzoitika zvakanyanya. Kufamba kwose kunofanira kuva kwakanaka uye kusingaonekwi. Munharaunda yayo yakabva isara kupona. Pano, vavengi vacho vanowanzova nesimba kupfuura mutambi, uye zvombo zvacho zvingave zvisina simba, kana zvinogona kushandiswa zvishoma (zvishoma zvishoma).

Mitambo yemitambo yemakombiyuta inowanzorongerwa maererano nemararamiro ehondo. Uye chisarudzo apa chiri chiduku. Kana kupfurwa kunofungidzirwa, ipapo chigadzirwa chinogona kushevedzwa zvakakodzera shooter, kana chimbo chiri slasher.

Maonero aya anokanganisawo chikamu chemitambo yemakombiyuta. Kana ikamera iri seri kwemashure omunhu mukuru, zita rokuti "Munhu wechitatu" rakawedzerwa kune musoro. Kana iwe ukawana pfungwa yokuti mutambi anotarisa pasi nemaziso omunhu, zita racho rinowana chigamba chekutanga Munhu wekutanga.

Iko kunofanira kuonekwa kuti vanhu vemitambo yepakombiyuta nemhando inogona kufamba. Icho chikonzero, mumaketani ezvo hero imwechete inogona kunge iripo zvigadzirwa zvemasikisi akasiyana uye panguva imwe chete hauna mimwe mitambo yemutambo. Usasarudza varaidzo inobva muzita.

Mira iwe oga uri kurwa, kana martial arts. Mutambo wezvimwe zvezvikwereti zvakafanana hazvifananidzi kune mamwe mimwe mitambo.

Chinhu chekupedzisira iwe unogona kunyora nezvemafirimu ekuita: dzimwe nguva vanogara nhaka yezvinhu zve RPG. Izvi zvinoratidzwa kuburikidza nehutano hwemunhu mukuru uye unhu, izvo zvinonyanya kukanganisa mutambo wemupapa. Uyewo, sezvo huwandu hunobudirira, hutano hunochinja, hunosimbisa kana hurasikirwa pamwe chete nekushandurwa kwemichina. Iyi mechanics ndiyo inosungirwa zvechiito-RPG.

Simulators

Action neArcade - kwete marudzi ose emitambo yemakombiyuta, urongwa hwehwu hunogona kunzi mutsara wokuti "kuvaraidzwa kwakasimba." Simulators inogonawo kuwedzerwa pano. Iyi tsanangudzo inowanzowedzera tsanangudzo dzinoita kuti irege kujeka uye isinganzwisiswi.

Mukati, kune zvingoro zviviri chete: simulator ye teknolojia uye mitambo yemitambo. Yokutanga inotora kukwirira kwakaoma kwekuverenga. Basa ravo nderekuwedzera maitiro ekufananidzira kune chaiwo.

Chechipiri ndiyo kuedza kutevedzera mitambo yemitambo. Mutambi wacho akafanana zvakafanana nemabasa, munhu anoronga (kana kunyange akaverengeka). Neyekutanga, iyi yega inobatana nemafambiro echokwadi chaiwo evanhu uye maitiro avo.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti vatungamiri vemitambo nenzira ipi zvayo ndeyedu yekirasi mubvunzo - iyo ndiyo nzira dzoupfumi.

RTS

Ichirondedzera maitiro ekugadzira mitambo yemakombiyuta, zvakakosha kutanga nemashonga chaiwo-nguva (RTS). Nhanho yekuita mukati mavo inoita basa rakafanana rinokosha sevarwi. Zvakakosha kwekanguva kuvhiringidza, uye mutambo unogona kuonekwa sewakarasika. Zvisinei, mheni-inokurumidza kupisa inovanza danho rakakosha rakafanana rekugadzirira uye kuongorora mamiriro acho ezvinhu.

RTS kazhinji ine zvikamu zviviri zvakaenzana: nheyo uye hondo. Mutambo wevatambi vane simba unowanzoyananiswa, sa chess. Asi nekuda kwekudiwa kwemashoko ehurumende, vamiririri vekirasi ino vanowanzoti maitiro makuru.

Global Strategies

Ichirondedzera mhando dzemitambo yemakombiyuta, urongwa hwekutanga neRTS, maitiro ese enyika haagoni kuregererwa . Chinokosha chavo chiri mukugadzirisa kwakarongeka kwenzvimbo yacho nehondo dzisingawanzoitiki. Iko sangano rose rakabatanidzwa pachirongwa chakanaka uye haigadziri chero zvido zveunyanzvi hunotarisirwa kukurumidzira nekururama.

Global magadzirirwo maitiro haasi kukwana kuvaka chigadziko. Kakawanda pamepu kunogona kuwanikwa maguta akawanda, kunze kwekurwisana, kune diplomacy. Kakawanda kune hutungamiri hwepamusoro uye humwe unhu hunofanirwa kukurudzirwa kuti uwane kukunda.

Mutambo uyu unogona kuva nhanho-nhanho (TBS), uye nehondo dziri kuitika munguva chaiyo. Kunyange zvazvo vanogadzira dzimwe nguva vanovhenganisa iyi miviri miviri. Somuenzaniso, muHondo Yese, zvinenge zvese zvinoshandiswa, sezvakaitwa muTBS, asi apo imwe hondo inorwisa imwe, hondo dzinopararira nenzira imwechete seyese yakazara RTS.

Mhando yakaswedera pedyo neyo yakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa inyanzvi yemunharaunda. Vamiririri varo vanenge vanenge vasisina zvachose michina yekuchengetedza. Kugadzirwa kwemari uye kubatwa kwavo kwakaramba kuripo, asi kusarudzwa kwavo kwakanyanya kwazvo: chete avo vanoshandiswa chete nekuda kwehondo zvinowanikwa. Pasina kupesana kwakananga kwemauto mumabasa akadaro haagoni kuita.

Ndinofanira kutaura kuti mitambo yemitambo yemakombiyuta munhoroondo inowanzomiririrwa nemaitiro. Kune vamiririri vakafanana mune varaidzo yakasimba, asi inenge nguva dzose inongororerwa kudzorera mambure, chirongwa chacho chinogonawo kufungidzirwa. Mune urongwa, vashandi vanowanzotsungirira zvinorwadza nguva dzose, vasingabvumiri mutambi wacho kuti adzoke kubva kune zvakaitika chaiye.

Wargames, kana mitambo yehondo

Kana ukabvisa zvachose michero, uye uchisiya chete kudiwa kwekutungamira mauto ehondo, iwe uchawana "mhando yehondo". Mikana yekutonga kwemasimba kubva ichi chete kuwedzera. Mumwe mukuru ane simba haagoni kugona iye zvino pamutengo wemabhizimisi nehupfumi.

Mitambo yemashizha

Nzira dzemazano dzakangofanana nedzimwe mhando dzekombiyuta yekugadzirisa mitambo, mutsauko mukuru ndeyokuti kutonga hakuiti nemauto nemauto, asi chete nezvikamu zvishomanana. Mukuwedzera, murwi mumwe nomumwe achava neunhu humwe hunhu, zvombo zvake uye zvombo. Nzira yehutano hunofanana neyo inoshandiswa mu RPG.

Vatariri

Kana mitambo yehondo nematambo emaitiro asina zvikamu zvekukura mukati mavo, saka mune vatungamiri zvinhu zvose zvinoitwa zvakangosiyana - zvose izvi zviripo. Zvisinei, panguva imwe chete hapana hondo, kukunda kunongova yezvemari. Zvinotendwa kuti yakagadzira iyi genre naSid Meier.

Nemhaka yekusava nekuvandudza michina yakadai, vamiririri vemusikirwoevhesi zvakanyanya kwazvo pano. Zvakakwana kuti musikontiji azive mitemo yakawanda yemasvomhu uye nyora zvinyorwa zvichazoshandisa. Uye mukuru wepamberi wemutambo wacho haasi kuzoita makwikwi emakombiyuta, asi kungoita mitezo yemitemo yakasimudzwa kuti ienzanise ukama hwemisika.

Mirai moga ndivo vatariri vemitambo. Mhedzisiro yavo huru ndeyokusakwana kusakwana kwemifananidzo uye mafurafura akawanda, dzimwe nguva haigone kutarisana navo muvhiki.

Kudzora kwakananga

Gwecheche yevechidiki - sarudzo yekutonga kwakananga. Iko pfungwa huru yeiyo mhando ndeyokusakwanisa kupa chikwata urongwa hwakananga. Zvakakosha kumutsa maari maonero ekuda kwekuita. Uye zvinodikanwa kuti chiito chacho ndicho chakakosha kufambisa nyaya yacho.

Iyi pfungwa iri pedyo zvikuru neyekare, mutsauko uri mune zvinangwa. Uye kusiyana kwechipiri ichi chakasimba kwazvo zvokuti hakuna munhu achanzi chirongwa chekutonga kwakananga nemutungamiriri. Vamiririri vemhando iyi ndivo vashoma zvikuru, nekuda kwezvinetso zvakabatanidzwa nekufambiswa. Medieval, Majesty, Black & White - ndiwo mamwe mazita makuru aunogona kuyeuka.

Puzzle Games

Kana ukasarudza mitambo yemitambo yemakombiyuta kuvana, teerera zvakanyanya kune iyi. Kazhinji, vamiririri vake vanonzi vaurayi vezvenguva kana zvigadzirwa zvevanyori. Zvisinei, maonero acho haatauri.

Chaizvoizvo, sezvinoreva zita, vamiririri vekirasi ino vanonyanya kutora musoro, kwete maoko. Vose vanogona kutamisa ma mechanics yemitambo yebhobho kunyika ino (chess), uye vanoshandisa mavo (Armadillo, Tower of Goo).

Zvinyorwa Zvitsva

Iyi nharaunda inofanira kusanganisira avo vamiririri vezvivaraidzo vese, izvo zviri mberi kwete kunyanya mitambo, sezvinorondedzerwa, mumhepo, marongerwo emhando. Vanowanzotaurirwa nezve: "Uyu ndiwo mutambo waunogona kurarama."

Kakawanda, vane zvinhu uye zviito, uye mazano, asi kwete nekuda kweiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yakagadziriswa. Ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu ekuti Diablo nemagoni ake haagoni kuonekwa seanofanana, sekunge zvakafanana nevateveri vechigadzirwa ichi chaidiwa.

Quest

Mitambo yemakombiyuta mumutauro wekutsvaga - iyo yakanyatsonyatsomiririra vamiririri venzvimbo inodiwa. Mavari, mutambi anotanga kupa basa, uye kubva pano maonero, anotaurira nyaya inobatanidza. Zvitsvaga zvinenge zvichingova zvakakwana, unogona kubva kubva pakutanga kusvika kune imwe nzira chete. Mikana yekugadzirisa chinetso chimwe nechimwe ndeyaduku. Zviito zvekukurukurirana neNPCs, kutsvaga zvinhu, nekuzvibatanidza.

Izvi zvinoita kuti zvinyorwa zvive zvishoma uye inobvumira munyori wekunyora kuti afukidze nheyo yenyaya kuti ione. Maiwe, nhasi mibvunzo haisi yemhando yakakurumbira, uye naizvozvo haibhadhara. Mumiririri asinganzwisisiki webazi iri anowira mumatoro ekutengeserana kana mibvunzo yekutsvaga. Nokudaro, nhasi zvinowanzokwanisika kusangana nebhasi-bhadha yezvinhu izvi.

Kazhinji mibvunzo yacho inonzi iine mitambo yepakombiyuta yemupeki wechikwata. Izvi zvakaitika nekuda kwenhamba yakawanda yevamiririri vanoparidza pamusoro pevapolisi. Vashandi vakawanda vanongoputira "nyaya" mabhuku akakurumbira muhomwe inobatanidza.

Puzzle Quest

Izvozvi varaidzo yakakwana inogona kuva nechinangwa chakaoma uye chakaoma, sezvinowanikwa mumibvunzo mizhinji, asi zvinogona kunge pasina kana zvachose. Nzvimbo yemamiriro ezvinhu munyaya ino inouya mumhepo. Mutambo uyu unoumba zvachose yekugadzirisa zvipfeko nemapuzzles akasiyana-siyana zvakaoma.

Mumiririri anozivikanwa zvikuru wekirasi ndeye Myst uye yakawanda yakawanda. Kungofanana nemibvunzo yakajeka, mapuzzles haashamisi nhasi.

Midhi Yemutambo (RPG)

Mu RPG (kutamba-kutamba mitambo) chirongwa uye rusununguko rwekuita zvinounganidzwa mune imwe chete. Chiito nekugadzira zvinhu zvakare zvakawedzerwa. Izvi zvinowanzopamba gamer uye maitiro, uye yakagadzirirwa kurwisana, uye yakagadzirirwa gameplay. Asi usakanganise chikamu uye chekutanga. Izvi ndezvikonzero zvekuti "Allods" uye Diablo vanowanzoti "rolevki."

Nokudaro, chete chigadzirwa, chinonyanya kukosha iyo nyaya, kusangana neNPC, rusununguko rwekuita, inogona kuonekwa sePPR project. Izvi ndezvokuti izvi zvekare ndezveAcanum, Fallout, Planescape. Kazhinji, "rolevki" inotsanangurwa chaizvo semitambo yemakombiyuta mumhando yekufungidzira, iyo isina kururama zvachose. Pasinei nekuti kanowanzova vamiririri vakakurumbira vekirasi ino uye kupa gamberi kushanyira nyika dzakashamisa, kuisa hakugadziri muboka ripi kunyora chigadzirwa.

Mukuwedzera kune chigadziro, zvisingaiti zvido zvishoma zvinotarisirwa kunge zviri kutengesa. Mumwe mutambi anogona kuedza basa remashiripiti, murwi, mbavha. Nheyo ye "yakanaka-yakaipa" haifaniri kuenderera mberi. Zvisinei, vanogadzira vanoita zvinhu zvose zvakaoma zvikuru. Iwe unogona kuita chiito chakanaka, icho chisingazogamuchirwi nevanhu vose. Mukuwedzera, kwete dzose dzeNPC dzichavimba nomumwe munhu akaita zvinhu zvakawanda "zvakanaka". Kune vamwe, mutsara mukuru wekugadzirirwa kwezvinhu ndeyekuchenjera.

Nokuda kwechiito chimwe nechimwe che protagonist, nyika ichaita. Uye mumwe weNPCs mauri haazosiyi chikwata chisina kuchinjwa. Saizvozvowo, zvinoshanduka kuti rimwe divi rinogona kutenderera nenzira dzakawanda dzinotungamirira kumagumo akasiyana.

MMORPG

Ichirondedzera mhando dzemitambo yemakombiyuta, haugoni kukanganwa MMORPG. Inosanganisira zvimwe zvikamu zverongwa. Vatambi vakawanda havashandisi basa-kutamba chikamu chemishonga yakadaro, asi kunyanya kuronga kukura kweunhu.

Izvo zvinenge zvisina kusiyana pakati pemitikiti inomiririra paIndaneti RPGs. Izvo zvakasara zvinoramba zvakadaro, zvishoma chete coefficients dzinoshanduka. Muchiitiko ichi, nguva yakawanda iyo mutambi anoshandisa paanoshungurudza "kuputa". Zvinofadza kuti MMORPG hachina zvimwe zvinangwa pane kusvika kune imwe yekupedzisira.

Online "rolevki" akamirira yokuvaka ndiani achakwanisa kufema vari freshness pamusoro Genre. Haiwa, mari inodiwa kuti pakasikwa zvakafanana zvirongwa, vari zvakare mukuru, ndokusaka avo Studios vanogona kuwana MMORPG kusunungurwa, enda nzira yakapambadzirwa, kuedza kunzvenga ngozi.

madhaka

Tinogona kutaura kuti Genre uyu Antiques. Zvisinei, mitambo iyi kukura uye abudirire, kunyange asiri navanopinda chaizvo zvakawanda vanoshandisa.

Chii madhaka? Description achava nyore: pahwindo rinowanika yo munharaunda apo chimiro iri. Just mameseji arayira: akashandisa zvinhu kutama, dzokai, akazarura mukova. In madhaka aiwanzoshandisa dzekare basa mugadziriro D & D. It anosarudza sei chimiro pachava.

The dzinonakidza zvikuru ndechokuti chap asingagamuchiri zvose mazvi kuti zvingaonekwa apinda kunyaradzana. Uyezve, mazita ichi anochinja kana nokuchinja pakati nzvimbo. Verenga tsananguro nokungwarira, unogona kuwana zvinhu zvakavanzika kubva maonero inattentive vanoshandisa.

MUDs kurudzira akangwara vanoshandisa. Uye zvakavanzika zvimwe akakurumbira mumiriri havangagoni kuverengwa iri forum, nokuti ruzivo mitambo iyi - ndiro simba.

Nokuti vaduku

Kufanana nevamwe rakapotsa varaidzo ipi, geymdeva mabasa inogona kukamurwa zvinotevera Genres mitambo yepakombiyuta kuti kuenda kukireshi vana:

• Puzzle. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira nyore Puzzles, mazes. Vanokurukura pfungwa mafungiro, ndangariro uye kutsungirira nevana.
• Computer Desktop varaidzo mikana. Izvi zvinosanganisira Tag, Dominoes, checkered. Mwana anodzidza kuti maronga uye kufungidzira.
• Music mitambo - vakasikwa zvakananga pave kunzwa uye pfungwa mutinhimira.
• Tutorials - mumwe huru rakapotsa varaidzo iri kuenda kukireshi upenyu. Vari nechinangwa dzimwe unyanzvi: mavara kudzidza uye zvitarisiko, arufabheti, kuverengwa, etc ...