Mountains Mboroma varipi? Mhangura Mountains: tsananguro uye mapikicha

Panyaya apo Erzgebirge, pane mhinduro dzakawanda. The yakakurumbira gomo siyana zita chete pamuganhu muBohemia (Czech Republic) uye Saxony (Germany). nharaunda iyi inozivikanwa kubvira makarekare somuzinda kugadzirwa hwemhangura, sirivha, tini, nesimbi. Ndiye mumwe nzvimbo kwakabva simbi muEurope. Its Mboroma Mountains vari Slovakia, nechipiriso pachavo chikamu Western Carpathians. Zita iri rinowanikwawo mazita dzimwe nyika.

jioroji

Mountains esimbi ndezvaJehovha Hercynian Kumbofungatira uye inomiririra "Chidimbu" ari supercontinent Rodinia, ruptured makore mamiriyoni 750 akapfuura. nharaunda yavo - 18.000 ^km2. Gare gare, muna Tertiary nguva, panguva paumbwe Alps paiva rotonhorera, uye kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva chikamu makomo vakasimuka kumusoro dzakapoteredza nzvimbo.

Munhau ake yacho kakawanda pasi zvikuru tectonic simba, iyo zvinoratidzwa layered maumbirwo pamatombo: girenayiti, gneiss, sandstone, simbi, mhangura uye gaba ores uye nevamwe. Kuburikidza dzinotsanagura kwevhu mune simba mazana emamiriyoni makore, aimbova akanongedzera nenhongonya chaizvoizvo dzikava zvinyoronyoro zvikomo.

South-Eastern bloc, yakanyorerwa Czech Republic, pamire mumwe pamawere Musara Bohemian bheseni ane nokukwirira musiyano pakati 700 m. Nordwestblock, akatarisana Germany, ichiramba zvishoma nezvishoma, achiumba chaizvo mvura Network.

Mountains Mboroma varipiko

Gadzirai iri riri Central Europe, sezvo muganhu pakati Czech Republic uye Germany chaivo. Zviri kuramba akatevedzana kureba kupfuura 150 makiromita, achitevedza mutsetse nezvatinovavarira west - kumadokero. Panhongonya dzawo:

• Klinovec (1244 m).
• Fichtelberg (1214 m).
• SPITSBERGEN (1120 m).
• Auersberg (1022 m).

Beautiful mumaruwa kwakakurumbira chaizvo pakati vashanyi, pane dzakawanda balneology guru, the, okunze utano plesieroorde. Zviri nyore kubva kuDresden, Prague, Karlovy Siyanisa.

Mhangura Mountains, Czech Republic

Muganhu wehurumende rinokamukana siyana munzvimbo mbiri dzisakarurama zvikamu. The Czech Chikamu Mboroma rainzi kokutsva uye dzisina rwizi Ohře. Zviri duku kupfuura German (anenge 6000 km ^2), asi steeper zvikuru.

Simba waigona kwakaguma kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kwenzvimbo yakatenuka muzvizhinji kuti transverse mipata yakadzika. Munguva dzekare, kwakanga madziva akawanda huru, izvo zvino yaoma. Nzizi dziri pfupi, nokukurumidza, vamwe yakavakwa Platinum. Krušné Hory wakakurumbira kuporeswa zvitubu: Teplice, Karlovy Siyanisa, Bil'in, Jáchymov nevamwe.

Okunze munzvimbo iri nezvimwewo pamwe nokukurumidza ekunze shanduko. Dzinoratidzwa mhepo yakasimba kuchamhembe uye vokumadokero nzvimbo, madutu havasi isingawanzowanikwi. High mwando (1000-1200 mm kunonaya) zvinobatsira kuti paumbwe bvungapfunga (mazuva 90-125 pagore).

Winters inotonhora, chando. Frosts zvinogoneka kunyange June, uye kubva September. The yechirimo vane inotonhorera uye kuchinaya, kudziya zvino ndakagadza pedyo August uye kunotora mavhiki 2-3. Avhareji tembiricha kuti 900-1200 M altitudes 4-2,5 ° C. Nokuda kwoukuru chando chando pane state plesieroorde.

Makomo esimbi muCzech Republic akapfuma zvicherwa uye Organic zvicherwa. Dzinozivikanwa deposits pamusoro tungsten, simbi, cobalt, nickel, tini, mhangura, kutungamirira, sirivha uye kabhoni. In XX remakore, vakaona uranium exchange deposits.

marasha kuchera

North Bohemian lignite dziva iri nechepakati chikamu Mboroma kumakomo. Rakavakwa pamusoro nzvimbo dzingaparadzanisa mumupata zvaiitika panguva Miocene. Maererano Vanodzidza, kwemakore mamiriyoni 20 yava zvaungana kusvika hafu kiromita sedimentary rukoko dzine makemikari nyaya, jecha, ivhu.

Nokufamba kwenguva, mashoko Mboroma Mountains "compressed" vagadzirisane mumupata, pova marasha musono Ukobvu 25-45 mamita. Ndichibvunza marasha kuchera kwakatanga XIX remakore. Dzisingadzorwi zvoupfumi basa kwakatungamirira kuchinja mune nzvimbo uye zvakatipoteredza njodzi. maturakiti guru masango vakabayiwa pasi, ivhu atora chepfu. Reclamation zvaMambo okupedzisira emakore kubvumirwa aoma mudzose mararamiro panzvimbo vakafara Makomba vakaumba makungwa, izvo zvinokwezva vashanyi. Panguva iyoyo, pane zvimbambaira zvakawanda, asi bhuku kugadzirwa ishoma.

Erzgebirge

Mhangura Mountains muGermany (anonziwo Erzgebirge) zvakawanda munyoro, kunyange kune makomo pamusoro 1000 mamita. Vane wakajeka chaizvo, vashoma vane dondo. Munzvimbo Pirna (pedyo kuDresden) nokuda weathering softwood kuumbwa kunoshamisa Geological idzodzo muchimiro girenayiti masvingo. nharaunda iyi kunonzi "Saxon Switzerland". About Scheibenberg chirefu rusvingo basalt pembiru.

Okunze munharaunda iyi nemwero. Vakawanda westerly mhepo kuunza nyoro mhepo makore kubva kuAtlantic Ocean, muchando kudziyirwa neDare Gulf Stream. Akasvibira padaro rinenge zvinopfuura 900 M avhareji tembiricha kuti 3-5 ° C. Precipitation vanenge 1100 mm. The anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri Makomo Mboroma tiri mumwe kupfuura chando Germany. Maererano nhoroondo data, ivo yechando kwazvo zvokuti kunyange mhuka ndakadaro mumatura, uye muna April maiva snowfalls dzakabviswa chose kubva paimba. Zvino nguva yechando munyoro, pamwe kakawanda thaws.

Mountains esimbi muna Saxony zvakare nezviwanikwa, asi avo maindasitiri vachikwanisa iri anenge aneta. Maererano Zvakafukunurwa vari zvikaramba mhangura panguva mambakwedza Bronze Age. Zvino yakasiyana nhoroondo netsika nzvimbo kunodzivirirwa sezvo chikamu UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Erzgebirge ane refu nevanhu arambe achirema. Around ari mukomberedzo vane tsika uye nhoroondo huru nzvimbo: kuDresden, Chemnitz, Plauen, muZwickau, AUZ, Gera. Industry munzvimbo - kumwe yakatanga muGermany. Vanopfuura 60% vashandi mubasa metallurgia, zvemagetsi uye ouinjiniya minda.

Igaroziva anthropogenic chokufunga zvachose kumusoro. Development pakuchera waida zvinokosha mari huni. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo dondo Warigirwa chose. Zvino anouya kudzorerwa zvinhu zvipenyu. Muna Erzgebirge pane mumapaki National akawanda, asi nzvimbo uyewo kunze akadzivirira akachengetera guru nharaunda greenery.

Rudohorie

Slovak Mboroma Mountains - ndiyo unosvikirwa dzemakomo makomo, riri nechepakati-kumabvazuva kwenyika yacho. Ndivo rimwe gomo neeSultan of Western Carpathians. Vanoedza pamusoro "mabvazuva - kumadokero" pamutsetse 140 (zvichienderana mamwe manyuko - 160) makiromita, avhareji upamhi - 40 km siyana nharaunda dzinenge 4000 km ^2.

Muganhu anomhanya achitevedza kuchamhembe Rudohorie Hron River, kuchamhembe - rworwizi Ipoly. The nzvimbo afanane Czech-German Erzgebirge. Misoro kunyanya sandara, dzimwe nguva rwakavakwa outcrops, materu zvakanaka kumupata. The soro gomo vari Capital (1476 m) uye gomo Glade (1468 m).

muzvarirwo

Akapeta makomo somunhu simba crystalline uye reraimu matombo, pangozi karst. Muna XIV-XIX emakore, nharaunda yaiva huru metallurgia muzinda. Unobereka namavara akanaka, mhangura, simbi uye nendarama. Panguva ino, ruzhinji deposits ose ores simbi anogadzirwa Zvisinei, kuramba kubereka non-esimbi zvicherwa: magnetite, talc uye nevamwe.

Nature ndizvo kuti makomo ose Central Europe. On hwokumusoro, mawere kutonhora, kukura masango coniferous. hardwoods kudzora kumaodzanyemba Beech, dota, hornbeam, nemiouki uye nevamwe. On mundima Slovak Mboroma Mountains, pane vatatu mumapaki yenyika:

• "Slovak Paradise".
• "Slovak Karst."
• "Murano rwenze."

eCaucasus

Mountains eCaucasus chiri dzimwe nguva inonzi mhangura. Izvi imhaka zvinokosha reserves zvicherwa. The peculiarity yacho nharaunda iri rakadzika nzvimbo zvicherwa kusimbiswa dzine Kuwanda magmatic namatombo.

Mountains eCaucasus akapfuma esimbi pfuma, nekuti paiva (uye vachiri) tectonic simba pezvakaitwa kubvira Paleozoic. Manganese iri mined kuGeorgia (Chiatura dhipoziti). deposits Large resimbi anowanikwa Kabardino-Balkaria (yangu waMalka), Azerbaijan (Dashkesan), Armenia (Abovyan, Hrazdan). Uyewo wabvisa tungsten, mhangura, mekuri, zingi, cobalt, molybdenum, kutungamirira uye dzimwe simbi.