Multifactorial chirwere, pokugara nhaka yavo hwakapararira

zvirwere Gene inonzi heterogeneous zvekuchipatara kuratidzwa boka zvirwere zvinokonzerwa kufurirwa kunotouraya pamusoro majini chechetere. Tinofanira kufunga boka nhaka nemagene zvirwere kuti simuka uye vave pamusoro pakanyorwa akaremara majini midziyo masero, uye simba rwakashata zvikonzero kwezvakatipoteredza.

Ndezvipi multifactorial nhaka zvirwere

Zvakananga, boka iri zvirwere ndomumwe Kusiyana pachena zvirwere Gene. Multifactorial chirwere kutanga kuonekwa pasi kwakaomarara dzezvakatipoteredza zvinhu. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti mukana kuti majini kubatwa kurege kuitika nokusingaperi kutoti chero zvakatipoteredza zvinhu.

Etiology uye genetics ose multifactorial zvirwere zvikuru kunzwisisa, mavambo uye ane multistage marongerwo zvingasadaro neimwe nyaya imwe chirwere.

Varieties multifaktorianyh pathologies

Conventionally multifactorial zvirwere nhaka inogona kukamurwa:

• chizvarwa malformations;
• mupfungwa kurwara uye huta hunhu;
• zvirwere zera-ukama.

Zvichienderana nokuwanda majini munyaya zvokurwara musiyano

• Monogenic zvirwere - vane imwe mutated Gene, iyo pave kubatwa kune imwe chirwere. Kuti chirwere ichi nyaya kutanga kukura, zvichaita zvakafanira kuti pave yakananga kwezvakatipoteredza chinhu. Izvi zvinogona kuva mumuviri, kemikari, zvoutachiona kana somushonga kushanda. Kana hakuna chairo chinhu, kunyange kana mutant jini, chirwere haangavi kutanga. Kana munhu asingadi kuva pathogenic Gene, asi zviri pachena kuti zvokunze zvezvakatipoteredza zvinhu, chirwere chiri kumuka.
• Polygenic nhaka zvirwere kana multifactorial chirwere vakatsunga abnormalities mu magene zhinji. Action multifactorial Maitiro zvingava discontinuous kana kuramba. Asi zvirwere zvinogona kuitika chete ari kudyidzana vazhinji pathogenic majini uye zvakatipoteredza zvinhu. Normal dzevanhu maitiro akadai ungwaru, urefu, uremu, ruvara ganda, vari kuramba multifactorial unhu. Isolated vachiberekwa malformations (mumukaha muromo uye mukanwa), vachiberekwa mwoyo chirwere, Neural chubhu kuremara, polirostenoz, BP, peptic urikanwi chirwere, uye navamwe vane yepamusoro kuitika pedyo nehama kupfuura zvavo vanogara. Multifactorial chirwere, mienzaniso zviri pamusoro apa dziri "wakaputsika" multifactorial unhu.

kuongorora chirwere MD

Rokuongorora munhu multifactorial chirwere uye basa yokugara nhaka kubatsira mhando dzakasiyana kutsvakurudza. Somuenzaniso, chidzidzo chemhuri, kwamakadarika kuzviita vanachiremba, pfungwa "mhuri kenza", kuti ndiwo mamiriro ezvinhu apo wakati kudzokororwa zviitiko akaipa chirwere mune hama mukati chete Pedigree.

Doctors kazhinji kushandisa pakudzidza mapatya. Nzira iyi yakaita hapana mumwe, zvinoita kuti tikwanise kushanda pamwe yakavimbika Data pamusoro nhaka yezvakaita chirwere.

Kudzidza multifactorial chirwere, masayendisiti akawanda teererai adzidze Links pakati chirwere uye kuvabereki ezvinhu, uye Pedigree kuongorora.

Typical dzekuziva nadzo MDs

• Mwero ukama ane zvakananga nezvainoita ndingangokuvara zvirwere hama, kureva, pedyo hama iri murwere (mu nemagene nemashoko), chikuru mukana wokuti chirwere.
• Kuwanda varwere mumhuri kunokanganisa ngozi zvirwere hama murwere.
• The kwokuomerwa hosha njodzi nhengo yemhuri kunokanganisa majini fungidziro.

Zvirwere nechokuita multifactorial

For multifactorial zvirwere zvinosanganisira:

- Árbol asima - chirwere pahwaro chirwere sema kuzvimba principales. Zvinonzi pamwe wokusagadzikana pamusoro mapapu uye periodic panowanikwa pfari dyspnea kana Arikukachidzwa.

- Peptic urikanwi chirwere ane chirwere relapsing chirwere. Dzinoratidzwa nokuumbwa nemaronda mudumbu uye duodenum nokuda kutyorwa zvavo uye omunharaunda zvigadziriswe pakati huta uye humoral hurongwa.

- Chirwere cheshuga, panguva panowanikwa kunosanganisira zvose zvemukati uye zvimwewo zvinhu kuti anokonzera vachivavhiringidza ose carbohydrate muviri. On panowanikwa chirwere kukanganisa zvikuru kunetseka zvinhu, utachiona, kunotevera, kuvhiya. Zvinhu Risk angava kutapukirwa noutachiona, chepfu, kufuta, arteriosclerosis, ungaderedza kurovedza muviri.

- nechirwere chemwoyo mwoyo - ndiko migumisiro rutapudzo kana kusavapo myocardial ropa rive rakakwana. Izvi zvinoitika nokuda pathological pezvakaitwa iri coronary midziyo.

Kudzivirira multifactorial zvirwere

Kudzivirira Types yambiro chinowanikwazve uye pave enhaka uye vachiberekwa zvirwere zvinogona chikuru, yechipiri uye tertiary.

The chikuru chimiro muzvidzivirire nechinangwa vanorwara mwana pamuviri. Izvi zvinogona akaona ari kuronga yokubererwa uye kuvandudzika womunhu kwezvakatipoteredza.

Secondary kudzivirira nechinangwa kugumiswa pamuviri, kana mukana chirwere ari mudumbu ndiro guru kana chirwere prenatally akatogadza. zvakadaro chisarudzo kunogona kuva nhaka chirwere. It kunoitika chete nomukadzi wacho mvumo muna nenguva nenzira.

Tertiary mhando kudzivirira enhaka zvirwere nechinangwa pakurwisa kukura chirwere ari mwana kare kuberekwa uye kwazvo kuratidzwa. Izvi mhando muzvidzivirire anonzi normokopirovaniem. Chii? budiriro iyi mwana ane utano pamwe pathogenic genotype. Normokopirovanie akakodzera navanachiremba zvivako zvinogona kuitwa utero kana azvarwa.

Madzivirirwe kwayo musangano siyana

Kudzivirira enhaka zvirwere iri rakatangwa muna zvinotevera siyana:

1. Medical uye Genetic Counseling - iri kushandiswa kurapwa. To musi, mumwe mukuru mhando kudzivirira enhaka uye nemagene zvirwere. For Genetic Counseling, tapota nyorera:

• vabereki Vakagwinya akabereka mwana anorwara, apo mumwe kuwanana ane chirwere;
• mhuri vana vakasimba, asi vane hama vane nhaka nezvirwere;
• vabereki vachiedza kuita nokufanotaurirwa pamusoro utano vehama kana hanzvadzi mwana anorwara;
• Pregnant vakadzi vane mikana yokuva mwana pamwe mwero utano.

2. Yepamuviri chirwere anonzi pamuviri Kutsunga vachiberekwa kana enhaka zvirwere azvarwa. Kazhinji, vakadzi vose pamuviri vanofanira firimu kubvisa nhaka zvirwere. Inoshandisa Ultrasound kuongororwa, nokukanganisika miedzo serum vakadzi vane pamuviri. Zvairatidza kuti pamuviri chirwere angava:

• kuvapo mumhuri zvakarurama rokuongorora nhaka zvirwere;
• rwaamai zera kupfuura makore 35;
• yapfuura kwatangwa pamuviri vari vakadzi, pamwe kujeka zvinokonzera kubereka mwana akafa.

kukosha muzvidzivirire

Medical genetics ose gore riri nani uye anopa mikana yakawanda kudzivirira vakawanda nhaka zvirwere. mhuri imwe neimwe nezvinetso zvoutano zvinopa azere mashoko nezvavari pangozi uye kuti vanogona kuvimba. Kuwedzera majini uye zvipenyu grassroots ruzivo, zvichisimudzira nzira utano noupenyu panguva mumatanho zvose munhu, tinowedzera mukana pakuzvarwa dzevanhu yevana utano.

Asi panguva imwe chete, mvura yakasviba, mhepo, zvokudya pamwe mutagenic uye carcinogenic zvinhu zvinowedzera kuwanda multifactorial zvirwere. Kana nebudiriro genetics richashandiswa munyaya tsika zvokurapa, uye nhamba yevana vanoberekwa vaine nhaka nemagene zvirwere, kunoderedza vachava rinowanikwa mangwanani chirwere uye zvakakwana kurapwa wevarwere.