Mumatanda mafuta munyika

The reserves mafuta munyika inogona zvinofungidzirwa pachishandiswa zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvisinei, kuti musi, vakatsunga ne uwandu dredged zvinhu, izvo zvinoita kuti vawane panguva magetsi nenhanho zvemichina kukura uye rwokugadzira.

Russia ine kupatsanura pamusoro mumatanda zvicherwa akadai mafuta, gasi, condensate, uye dzine zvinoriumba kuti vezvokutengeserana ukoshi. Rakavakwa sezvakarayirwa nhamba 126 kubva 07/02/2001 Ministry of Natural Resources, uye akapinda nechisimba pamusoro 01/01/2012 kupatsanura itsva mvumo muna 2005 sezvakarayirwa nhamba 298.

oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo Classified sezvinotevera:

1. unganidza

• vimbika;
• yakasimbiswa;
• Zvinofungidzirwa;
• yekuita.

2. Resources

• vemunyika;
• maonero;
• mberi.

Mumatanda mafuta munyika dzinoda dzakawanda SPE-PRMS kupatsanura mitemo. Ichi ndicho chisarudzo, izvo zvinoita kuti kufunga kwete chete ndingangokuvara vanouwana muminda, asi upfumi kunyatsoshanda kuti kugadzirwa. mumatanda All vari muzvikamu 3 makirasi:

• zvakava dzosa munhu ndingangokuvara 90%;
• mukana ndiyo 50%;
• Possible deposits vanenge 10%.

To zvinowirirana National kupatsanura kuti generalize zvakanaka tsika, kuti UN kwakasimbiswa uye zvinganaka patsanura anobviswa pfuma uye matsime eoiri munyika iri pasi nokudenga ino, mujinga inova unokosha nzira: kwenzanga chinhanho chirongwa, ayo chinzvimbo uye kururamiswa nokuda pokumuka deposits, Geological ruzivo uye kushandisa nhamba Codes. Tikafunga vatatu nzira pave-dimensional matatu hurongwa.

Mune US, oiri ichakasangana nezvimwewo Classified maererano zvinotevera nzira :. Maererano SEC kana kuchengetedzeka pamusika, maererano SPE - Society of Petroleum Engineers, AAPG - Association of Petroleum Vanodzidza, etc. Maererano resununguro ichi:

• Itariro reserves, kana reserves, izvo 90 kusvika 95% inozivikanwa ndeyokuwana mukana pagore.
• Unproven.
• Strategic matura mafuta ari 4 dzinongoitika repositories.

unganidza ichi, nyika dzakawanda kuti kusika zvikomborero kweupfumi. About 4 bhiriyoni. Chiri riri Holdings iyo zviri 1,4 bhiriyoni. Ko pasi neHurumende.

Achitaura ruzivo, akatarisirwa matura mafuta munyika kusango iduku zvikuru pane kunobvira chaizvoizvo zvikaramba. Zvinonzi kufurirwa nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, Somuenzaniso, inokwanisa iwe dzokubvisa kukura edzimba deposits ose mbishi zvinhu zvisingagoni kuitwa panguva hachibatsiri nzira.

World reserves mafuta zvakafanira kuponesa tichiregeredza IT-ruzivo uye motokari itsva. Maererano nenhamba, mitengo peturu panguva gasi yemapurisa yakawedzera 7-ukagunzva mumakore 10 apfuura. Chikonzero ichi iri chokwadi kuti oiri nyika shoma yekudyidzana.

Maererano Energy Information Administration American pose reserves vanenge 1,3 tiririyoni. Emiti. Zviri kuMiddle East kwemakore anopfuura hafu, In Africa (mabhiriyoni 750 emiti.) - mabhiriyoni 120 muna Eurasia -. Mabhiriyoni 100, Asia uye Oceania ane anenge mabhiriyoni 4 emiti, .. dzeEU zviri zvachose vasipo. Pane zvinokosha reserves kweArctic mafuta -. Emiti About mabhiriyoni 90, 22% wavo vari unproven reserves nyika.

World oiri, maererano anokudzwa geologist K. Deffeysa kubva pezana XIX remakore yakanga 1 matiririyoni kubva 2.3 tiririyoni emiti. Rakanga kupfuura nyore uye yepamusoro mafuta uye mumatanda asara vanoonekwa kuva kbps. Vachirondedzera kwachiri chokuita mafuta kana Semi-zvakasimba zvinhu, nokukurumidza kugadzirwa izvo zvichava zvisina kukodzera, zviri zvisina kuvimbika nekuda kunzwisisa kwakaita kugadzirwa uye kugadzira. Izvi zvinotungamirira kuti mafuta zvakachipa havazotakurwizve akabudiswa.

Zvokudya wevanhu kunoenderana mafuta, nokuti haigoni kuvapo pasina maindasitiri, zvokurima, kugadzira, misika yemari uye zvifambiso. Tinofanira kukudziridza ruzivo kuderedza mafuta kudyiwa kubudisa nhumbi, kusiya vapera yayo generating chafariz simba kuumba boka zviyero kunatsiridza senga kunyatsoshanda. Need mari uye Kuenda nzira simba zvinyorwa, uye ndizvo chete zvakarurama nzira yevanhu.