Nzira yekuverenga mutero wemari: muenzaniso. Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wemari zvakanaka?

Munyaya iyo iwe uchadzidza kuverenga mutero wemari. Muenzaniso uchagoverwa mushure mekunge pfungwa yakawanda yezvatiri kusangana nayo yakaumbwa. Mushure mezvose, mutero wemari inowanikwa pachawo unokosha zvikuru. Ane mavara akasiyana siyana uye zvakasiyana.

Nokudaro, vamwe vagari vane kodzero yekudzivisa mupiro uyu kana kungoita kuderedza. Mukuwedzera, kuverenga ivo pachavo dzimwe nguva kwakavhiringidza. Uye ivo vachafanirwa kubata nayo, sezvo zvikanganiso zvingaunza zvinetso zvakawanda. Uye hakuna munhu anoda izvi. Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa mavara ose emagazini iyi. Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wemari? Muenzaniso, uye kwete imwe, ichabatsira kunzwisisa izvi.

Mutero wemari ndeye

Asi tiri kuitei? Chii chiripo mutero? Ndivanaani vanorayirwa? Sezvaunogona kufungidzira, mupiro uyu kune mari yenyika haisi chinhu kunze kwekubhadhara kubva kune mubhadhadzi wekugamuchira mari. Inopomerwa kubva kune munhu wose ane iyo munharaunda yeRussian Federation. Izvi zvinoreva, kubva kune vose vagari nevasiri vemugere. Hazvinei kuti ndiani - ari munhu oga, mutemo, sangano kana IP. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti mubhadharo anofanira kunge ane mari.

Mutero wemitero ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa uye inowanikwa muRussia. Hapana munhu anogona kupukunyuka kubva pairi. Kunze kwevagari vemo vanobata zvisina kurongwa. Asi vanoita panjodzi yavo pachavo uye pangozi. Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wemari zvakanaka? Ndinofanira kubhadhara zvakadini mune izvi kana zvakadaro?

Vanhu

Ngatitangei nemamiriro ezvinhu anoshanda kuvanhu. Mushure mezvose, vanoita vazhinji vevateresi. Sezvatakatsanangura kare, mari yavo inobhadharwa. Kwete chete nguva dzose. Uye mumabhuku akasiyana.

Chinhu chacho ndechokuti munhu anofanira kubhadhara mari iyi inenge iri chero ipi zvayo. Uyezve, muhuwandu hwe13% yezvawanikwa. Chero kutengeswa kwekutengesa uye kutengesa, uyewo mubhadharo, inotererwa. Winnings uye pfuma, zvakare. Iko kune zvakasununguka, asi pane zvakawanda zvadzo.

Somuenzaniso, haufaniri kubhadhara mari inowanikwa nenzira yezvipo kubva kune hama dzepedyo. Kana kuti iyo mutengesi inosanganisira zvivako zvaunazvo kwemakore anopfuura matatu. Pamwechete, izvi zvose zvinorambidzwa zviripo panguva ino. Kubva pakubhadhara kwemaimba, kubva mubhadharo, kubva kutengeswa kwechimwe chinhu, iwe uchafanirwa kutora mari yakati wandei woiendesa kuhurumende. Nenzira, hoards uye zvinowanikwa zvinokonzerwa ne 35%.

The Organization

Chii chinotevera? Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wemari unobatanidza? Muenzaniso uchapiwa gare gare. Panzvimbo pezvo, zvichiri kukosha kuziva kuti ndeupi mukana wokuverenga.

Dambudziko nderokuti hapana chivimbo pano. Pane kudaro, mutero wemutero weRussia unopa nzira dzakawanda dzedzimwe nzira uye mhinduro. Semuenzaniso, muzinga wehurongwa wemasangano 20%. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, unogona kusangana ne30%, 15% uye 9%.

Mukuwedzera, makambani akasarudza mamwe maitiro emitero, anoti, USN, haabhadharwi mutero wekubhadhara. Aiwa, vachabhadhara mutero wemari, asi chete pane imwe nzira. Nezvayo zvishoma gare gare.

Yeuka: pangosvika kumasangano, unofanira kufungisisa kuti kuitira kuti upindure zvakakwana kuti uverenge sei mutero wekubhadhara (muenzaniso we "chibharo" uye kunze kwahwo ucharatidzwa pasi apa), unofanira kufunga zvose zviripo uye mari yekutora mutero nguva . Mukuita, kazhinji kese kuverenga kunoitwa kamwe chete kwechina.

For PIs

Kunyanya kubhadharwa kunobhadharwa kune vadzidzisi vemabhizimisi. Sei? Ichokwadi ndechekuti rudzi urwu rwebasa runowanzosarudzwa nevagari vemo vanoda kushanda ivo pachavo. Uye, sekuita zvinoratidzira, vanosarudza imwe nzira yekuteresa. Kunyanya kana paine humwe rudzi rwe "kuzvimirira" kana "copywriting." Mhando dzakawanda dzemabasa ebhizimisi zvinogona kutamirwa kune imwe mitero yeruzhinji. Zvino iwe haufaniri kufunga zvakaoma kuti uverenge sei mutero wekubhadhara zvakanaka. Muenzaniso, unoratidzwa pasi apa, uchatsanangura kuti zviri nyore sei uye zviri nyore zvinhu zvose.

Nei izvi zvichiitika? Apo USN inoratidzika, unogona kuvimba nemitero nenzira ye6% yezvikwereti. Ndiko kuti, hapana mari inotorwa pano. Kutaura zvazviri, urongwa hwakadaro hunofadza zvikuru hupenyu hwomunhu mumwechete vezvemabhizimisi. Kwete mapepa asina kukodzera uye nhoroondo, kusatambudzwa nekuverenga. Zvakakwana kuziva masvomhu paanenge ari pakati kana chikoro chesekondari. Uye ndizvo zvose.

Kune mubhadharo

Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wekubhadhara (muenzaniso wezvakanyorwa zvinotambudza uye zvinoda zvizhinji)? Chimwe chinhu chakanaka chakabatana nevanhu chakanga chisipo. Kwavari, mutero wokuwana mari unogona kuderedzwa nechimwe chiyero kana vashandi vari pasi pevana. Izvi zvinonzi kuderedzwa kwevana.

Saka, kana mari yacho isingapfuuri 280 000 rubles gore, uye kana pane vana vaduku (kana kuti nguva yakazara yevadzidzi / cadets / vekudzidzira / vagari vese kusvika kune makore makumi maviri nemana), unogona kutarisira kuderedzwa kwebhadharo yemutero. Izvi zvinotungamirira kukuderera kwebhadharo kune vamiririri vemitero.

Mumwechete nevana vaviri vane kodzero yekudhonza 1400 rubles. Pana 3 kana kupfuura, pamwe chete nevana vakaremara - 3000. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, 6 ne12 zviuru, zvakatarisana, zvinofungidzirwa, asi zviitiko zvakadaro hazvisi kuonekwa muRussia. Uyezve, vanhu vane kodzero yekuderedzwa mutero kaviri kana mudzimai wacho akaramba izvozvi.

The general principle

Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wemari wepachikoro chimwechete uye kwete chete? Izvi zvichabatsira chimiro chimwechete, chinonzwisisika kunyange kumudzidzi. Ikozvino, zvakakwana kuisa mariri maitiro ose anodiwa kuitira kuti muwane mari yakakodzera kubhadhara. Inoshanda kumitero yose yemari. Hazvina basa kuti ndiani ari kubata - ane munhu, sangano kana IP.

Chii chichabatsira kuverenga mari inokodzera kubhadhara? Chirongwa chinosanganisira zvikamu zviviri chete. Yokutanga ndiyo inotora mutero. Iko, sezvatakatoona kare kare, inosimbiswa mune izvi kana kuti iyo nyaya chaiyo. Yechipiri ndiyo iyo inonzi yakadzika. Kana ukawedzera zvinhu izvi zviviri pamwe chete, ipapo uchawana purosi yemutero.

Nezve database

Vanhu vazhinji vane mibvunzo kunyange pano. Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wemari? Muenzaniso haugone kuunzwa uye kunzwisiswa zvakazara, kusvikira tanzwisisa kuti mutero webhasi chii. Kana danda iri chikamu chinonyatsozivikanwa, ipapo nechechipiri mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.

Nheyo yemitero haisi chinhu chinopfuura mari yakabhadhara pamutero wemari. Ichafanirwa kuve yakavakirwa pakuverenga. Inogona kuderera mumatambudziko akasiyana. Imwe tsanangudzo isina kururama inotungamirira kuhuwandu hwekuverenga uye matambudziko nevatongi vemitero.

Nheyo yemitero yevanhu ndeyekuwana mari yavo chete. Apo zvinosvika kumakambani uye kubhizimisi, tinogona kutaura kuti inoumbwa nehuwandu hwavo uye mari. Icho chikonzero, iyo nheyo munyaya ino ichava iyo yakagamuchirwa mushure mekuderedzwa kwekurasika uye mari. Uyezve, kutaura pamusoro pevanhu, zvakakosha kuziva - kubhadhara mutero kwevana mu database kunotariswa pasina kukanganisa. Iye zvino zvaunonyatsoziva zvisiri izvo zvekuita, iwe unogona kufunga nezvekuverenga sei mutero wekubhadhara kwemwedzi, wechina kana gore mune chero nyaya ipi zvayo.

Kune vanhu

Ngatitange nemunhu mumwe nomumwe. Zvinetso zviduku zvinetso navo. Semuenzaniso, iwe unoshandira kambani, uye une mubhadharo we19000. Panguva imwe chete, purogiramu ichave 228,000 rubles gore. Kune vana vatatu - 5, 11 uye 25 wemakore, uye mubereki wechipiri haashandi.

Nechiitiko ichi chemwedzi tinowana mufananidzo unotevera:

(19 000 - 1400 x 2) x 0.13 = 2106.

Pasina kubhadhara vana, dai vakanga vasina, iwe waizongofanira kubhadhara:

19,000 x 13% = 2,470.

Kwegore, mumatambudziko acho ose, mari yemitero ndeye 25 275 uye 29 640 rubles, maererano. Hapana chakaoma, chakanaka? Hapana matambudziko munguva ino.

The Organization

Zvinhu zvose nemasangano zvakaoma zvikuru. Mushure mezvose, unofanirwa kunyatsoziva kuti chii chichaiswa munyaya dzekutengesa, mari, mari, kurasikirwa, nezvimwe zvakadaro. Vakawanda vanotya uye vanotya pakarepo pavanofunga nezvazvo. Saka sei kuverenga mutero wemari? Muenzaniso uchave wakanyanyisa.

Saka, kune imwe nzvimbo yakagamuchira 4,200,000 rubles mubhadharo yechina. Mubhadharo wevashandi, VAT, kuora kwezvinhu uye zvigadzirwa zvakashandiswa 1 mamiriyoni, uye munguva yekupedzisira nguva kurasikirwa kwemutero kwaiva mazana maviri 000. Tine sangano rakafanana muRussia, kwete neimwe nyika.

Zvadaro zvinoshanduka kuti mutero unotora uchava 20%. Munyaya iyi, dhesiyo inotsanangurwa se:

(4 200 000 - 1 000 000 - 200 000) = 3 000 000 rubles.

Kubva muchiyero ichi tichaita zvose kuverenga. Iye zvino zvose zvakasara ndezvokuwedzera nheyo nebhaji. Inopera:

3 000 000 x 0.2 = 600 000 rubles.

Muchiyero ichi, mutero wemari yekambani ichaverengwa.

Nokuda kwezita racho

Kuverenga kubhadhara kwakakodzera nemaoko ako hakuna kuoma. Asi kuti uvaratidze pavhujiro-balance sheet haisi basa rakadaro. Mushure mezvose, pane mhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana uye zvikamu. Chimwe nechimwe chinoratidza mamwe mari, mari, kurasika uye mari. Ita kuti uzvifungisise uye ugozvipa.

Pano unofanira kufungisisa chete zvinyorwa zvakanyanya. Izvi ndezvi:

• 90.01 - mari;
• 90.03 - VAT;
• 91.01 - kwete yekutengesa mari;
• 90.02 - mutengo wekugadzirwa.

Mukutaura, kazhinji vagari venyika vanoedza kungoverenga zvakanyatsoverenga mabhuku ezvo vachienzanisa nemari-mari. Zvose zviri nyore kwazvo, kana iwe uchiziva kuti ndeupi ruzivo ruchataura. Tsanangudzo muzvirongwa zvekubika zvakakodzera zviripo. Zvose zvinotsanangurwa zvakatarisana nezvakaitika.

Entrepreneurship

Mhedziso yekupedzisira iyo inofungidzirwa ndeyemabhizimisi emabasa. Nzira yekuverenga sei mutero wepfumi wePI? Muenzaniso munyaya iyi huchava nyore nyore kupfuura kune vanhu. Izvo zvatove zvataurwa kuti vhizimisi vanowanzoshanda paUSN. Saka, vachatora mutero wekutengesa 6%. Izvo zvakare zvakare nyore kutarisa nechitsiko - zvose zvaunazvo munyaya iyi zvakabhadharwa.

Icho chinopera kuti iwe unongoda kutora mari yegore uye wowedzera ne 6%. Somuenzaniso, mugore gore purogiramu inoita 269 000 rubles. Ipapo iwe unofanirwa kubhadhara vatongi vemitero maererano:

269 000 x 0.06 = 16 140 rubles.

Kunyanya, kutumira imwe mari yezvipo kuPensheni Fund uye kuhutano inshuwarisi. Asi iyi nyaya yakasiyana zvachose.

Sezvaunogona kuona, hapana chakaoma munyaya iyi. Izvi ndezvikonzero zvezvinhu zvakadai zvebhadharo system iyo bhizinesi muUSN iri kubudirira muRussia. Izvo hazvina zvinyorwa zvisingatauriki, kutora-kuenzanisa mapepa ehurukuro yakawanda, nhoroondo dzakawanda uye nezvimwe zvakadaro.

Nenzira yakawanda, mutero wekubhadhara unogona kuverengwa uchishandiswa pakushandura kwakawanda kwekutsvaga. Ichi hachisi chakanakisisa, asi chinodaro. Iko kunewo mazano anogadzira mushumo wepurogiramu kwauri pane zvakafanana. Iwe unogona kuzvishandisa, asi haufaniri kuzvishandisa zvisina kunaka.