Pabonde chromatin

Kazhinji chiremba Gynecology uye andrology panodikanwa kuitisa majini kuzviongorora murwere. Nzira iyi inobvumira zvakawanda yakavimbika kumisa chikonzero chirwere kwamuka, kunhonga anodiwa kurapwa uye kuziva for kukura chirwere.

Sex chromatin - chinokosha chokukomborerwa kurara kukura panguva cellular chechetere. chirwere chake kunokosha muzviitiko kana totaura anomalies ari nemamiriro kwokunze nhengo dzokubereka nadzo. Vanodzidza sezvo vasabatwa kwezvirwere zvinokonzerwa chromosomal abnormalities pamberi havachanyatsogoni pabonde kukura. Chikonzero ichi inogona kusavapo kumwedzi pavasikana uye hypoplasia pakati ovaries kana kuderedza basa ravo vakomana.

Sex chromatin yakatanga yakawanikwa pedyo musayendisiti John. Bar muna 1949. Kuitisa kutsvakurudza masero etsinga katsi, iye akataura pamusoro arikunze ari musimboti chromatin inotungamirwa. Naizvozvo, ichi chinokosha somatic masero mukadzi akanga dzakaonekwa mune ruzhinji vamiririri zvarayirwa mhuka. Masero varume corpuscles akadaro akasawanikwa. Barr muviri ari chezvinonhuwira zvose muviri masero nevakadzi. Uye mune zvimwe zviitiko izvozvo ane zvinoshandiswa ane mhando ( "drumsticks"). Somatic Sero - chinokosha nhengo dzemuviri. Izvi zvinosanganisira muviri masero ose kunze gametes. Izvi zvakawanikwa akabvumira kuti akudziridze pfungwa nzira dzepabonde kutsunga muvanhu uye mhuka.

Kuvapo hadzi muviri Barr miviri nokuda pamberi masero somatic ari maviri X okutodza. Uyezve basa rine chete mumwe wavo. Ndokusaka mumasero vakadzi, tiine muviri Barr. Dzidziso iyi zvakare vakabvumira wanikidza anomalies kukura nhengo. Somuenzaniso, muchitokisi okutodza matatu achava mhuru mbiri, pamwechete mana - vatatu, etc. Chirwere pamusoro zvemamiriro sero kukura anogona kushandiswa varume nevakadzi. Kubvira muna 1953, izvi zvakawanikwa rave kushandiswa zvikuru kuona chaiyo nhamba X okutodza mune vanhu vanorarama nehurema zvokukura.

Sexual chromatin kana Barr muviri, pamwechete nerima gobvu chakafanana woita, mativi kana tsvimbo serin'i, riri pedyo yomukati penyika Kamudzira yenyukireya. Izvi vakaneta X-chromosome, izvo neDare dhayamita idukusa 1 micron. Kuziva miedzo Barr miviri iri mumasero 10-12% of kudzidza kunoratidza yakanaka zvepabonde chromatin. kazhinji awatsvakurudza anoshumira epithelium ari buccal mucosa (yomukati pamusoro), nyinyo, bvudzi follicles uye Líquido amniótico. Kana nhamba asingadi kupfuudza 5%, zvinoratidza zvinoodza zvepabonde chromatin.

Sex chromatin kunokonzera kusiyana interphase nuclei mune varume nevakadzi. Rinobatanidzwa ne zvinhu kushanda dzokubereka gadziriro dzavo marongerwo. Barr muviri ari marudzi maviri: Y uye X. yokutanga musimboti chinhu STRUCTURAL chezvinonhuwira kuti Y-chromosome uye dzakaonekwa zvikurukuru varume. For zvinangwa izvi fluorochrome kushandisa ultraviolet chiedza. X-chromatin (Barr muviri) - iri inactivated X chromosome. deactivation Its rinowanikwa mukutanga vhiki fetus uye inochengeterwa mu mitosis kwenguva yakareba.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvepabonde chromatin - ane simba marongerwo. Zvingaita siyana zvichienderana zvinonyatsorehwa nemamiriro mumuviri uye muviri nemasero. Chikonzero ichi, kuitisa neongororo haina yakarumbidza panguva kushandiswa kugadzirira hormone, pamazuva okutanga pashure pokuberekwa, pashure pokutora mishonga nezvimwe zvinodhaka.

Nhasi, kuvapo zvepabonde chromatin vanachiremba kuona majini bonde ari mwana, ane chirwere siyana zvekuchipatara siyana gonadal dysgenesis uye hermaphroditism. Assays nokuti kuziva rokuti zvinowanzoshandiswa forensic tsika.