Palliative hanya. Palliative uchenjerere kenza varwere

Gore negore, emamiriyoni evanhu vanofa munyika. Uye vazhinji vavo vari kusangana pa ichi vatambure. Palliative hanya ndehwokuti kuvandudza upenyu vanhu vanotambura dzakasiyana-siyana chirwere ari pasi chinouraya danho, kana zvokusarudza vose vave vakaneta unyanzvi kurapwa. nzvimbo iyi paruzhinji utano haina kuitirwa kuzadzisa kwenguva refu kuregererwa kana achawedzera upenyu, asi kwete kupfupisa izvozvo. Yetsika basa vashandi utano - kuderedza kutambura wacho anorwara. Munhu wose ane basa uye mberi chirwere ari kuswedera dzoro upenyu, palliative hanya inopiwa. Huru musimboti: pasinei zvakaoma kana waiva chirwere, unogona nguva dzose kuwana nzira kuvandudza unhu hwomunhu woupenyu mumazuva asara.

Panyaya euthanasia

Palliative hanya haagamuchiri euthanasia pasi Mediation chiremba. Kana murwere anokumbira nokuti, zvinoreva kusangana kutambura kukuru uye anofanira kuvandudza kutarisirwa. Zviito zvose zviri chete nechinangwa kuderedza marwadzo mumuviri uye kubvisa zvinetso namagariro, kuzorwa nawo pane kazhinji zvikumbiro zvakadaro.

Zvinangwa uye Zvinangwa

Palliative hanya kunosanganisira muupenyu ose nechirwere chisingarapiki vanhu vazhinji: mupfungwa, zvokurapa, tsika, magariro, pakunamata. Kuwedzera zvakazorodza pathological zviratidzo uye kuderedza marwadzo, murwere vanoda zvikuru mutsika uye mupfungwa rutsigiro. Help zvinodiwa nehama murwere. Shoko rokuti "palliative" rinobva muchiLatin shoko pallium, rinoreva "bhachi", "chifukidzo". Mukati mezvizvi yose pfungwa. Palliative uchenjerere kenza varwere, vanhu vane zvirwere zvakakomba ndehwokuti chechetere, kuviga, tivhare zviratidzo chirwere chisingarapiki, saka kutaura, akafukidzwa nejasi, chifukidziro uye mukadaro.

History of budiriro

Boka nyanzvi mune manonwe wekupedzisira remakore pasi pokudzora WHO akaronga sangano kuti palliative kutarisirwa kukura. Mukutanga eighties, kuti WHO akatanga kukudziridza pose kutanga pamusoro pakatanga matanho kuti kwaizovimbisa Kuwanikwa apioidov uye zvakakwana analgesia kuti kenza varwere munyika yose. Muna 1982, tsanangudzo palliative hanya zvave. rutsigiro ichi nzwisisika kuti varwere vane pakurapa chirwere haisi amenable, uye chinangwa chikuru kutsigira kwakadaro - kumisa marwadzo uye zvimwe zviratidzo, uyewo kugadzirisa zvinetso zvepfungwa murwere. Nokukurumidza nzvimbo iyi utano akagamuchira mamiriro pamutemo chirango yayo kurapwa uye zvedzidzo nzvimbo.

ano kusvika

Palliative hanya tsanangudzo 1982 akanga adudzira anotsigira vaya varwere vanoirima hunorapa kurapwa hakuchisina rikashandiswa. Pfungwa iyi kujekesa kusango utano yokutarisira akapa chete mukupera zvokukura chirwere. Asi nhasi icho vakaziva chokwadi kuti kutsigirwa zvakasikwa ichi anofanira kuwedzerwa varwere vane chinouraya zvirwere chero chisingarapiki. The Change akauya nokuda nokuziva kuti nezvinetso zvinomuka pakupera upenyu murwere Chokwadi simuka kunyange tanga chirwere.

Muna 2002, maererano kupararira kweAIDS, vanhu vakaramba kuwedzera kwenhamba kenza varwere, kukurumidza kuchembera chavagari nyika, kuti NDIANI akawedzera tsanangudzo palliative hanya. Pfungwa yakapiwa kwete chete kune murwere asiwo mhuri yake. The chinhu rubatsiro zvino kwete chete murwere asiwo mhuri yake, izvo, pashure pokufa munhu vanoda rutsigiro kuti vapukunyuke kwokuomerwa kurasikirwa. Saka palliative hanya zvino - iri kutungamirirwa mumagariro uye zvokurapa mabasa, chinangwa iyo inoshanda kuti kuvandudza upenyu nechirwere chisingarapiki uye nemhuri dzavo nedzimba kufambisa uye kudzivirira kutambura kuzorodzwa kurwadziwa uye zvimwe zviratidzo, incl zvepfungwa uye pakunamata ...

zvinhu zvinotaurwa

Maererano tsanangudzo palliative uchenjerere kenza varwere uye vanhu vane nezvimwe zvirwere kurapwa:

• It rinotsigira upenyu, asi anoona rufu somunhu kuipa dzinongoitika muitiro;
• Rakagadzirirwa kwenguva refu sezvinobvira kupa murwere chinoshingaira mararamiro;
• Harina chinangwa kuderedza kana kurebesa upenyu;
• Rinopa rutsigiro murwere mhuri pakuitika nokuyerera kurwara, uye panguva ruzivo okufirwa;
• It ndehwokuti kusangana zvose zvinodiwa murwere nemhuri yake nhengo, kusanganisira urongwa mabasa pamariro, kana akakodzera;
• interprofessional kusvika anoshandisa;
• It kunonatsiridza husingatsigirwi uye kunobatsirawo mararamiro murwere chirwere;
• anogona kurebesa upenyu nokuda nenguva mufambiro mabasa pachiimbwa dzimwe nzira kurapwa.

mirayiro

Kupa palliative hanya kunoitika nenzira mbiri:

1) kuderedza kutambura murwere paaiita hosha;

2) kuratidza rutsigiro mumwedzi mishoma uye oupenyu.

Major zvinoumba rechipiri muitiro kutsigira mupfungwa murwere nemhuri yake nhengo, paumbwe imwe uzivi. Sezvatakamboreva nguva zhinji, palliative kurapwa - iri ndichipfeka kuparadza kufa munhu kutambura. Uye chii Verengai kutambura? marwadzo ichi uye nekusagona basa pacharo, uye chipingidzo muupenyu, uye kutadza kufamba, uye mhosva, uye kutya rufu, uye pfungwa usingabatsiri nekuvava pamusana kuzadziswa sungiro uye konekwa mabhizimisi. Zvawanyora mberi ... Basa vanachiremba - kutanga murwere mafungiro rufu somunhu kuipa (dzinongoitika) pavaipfuura vachienda kwevanhu.

Palliative Care Organization

Zvichitevera tsanangudzo WHO, rubatsiro runofanira kutanga nguva kuti yave nechirwere chinouraya, izvo mune foreseeable ramangwana vaizongoguma kurufu. Rutsigiro akarurama uye zvichagoverwa nokukurumidza, zvimwe zvakawanda kuti ayo chikuru chinangwa zvichabviswa kubudirira - mararamiro murwere nemhuri yake huchavandudzika napo. Kazhinji, Panguva iyi palliative hanya nevana uye nevakura vanachiremba kurapwa kwacho.

Zvakananga aidzidzisa hanya kunodiwa kana hunorapa kurapwa iri kare, asi chirwere mberi uye anowana yacho inouraya pachikuva. Kana chirwere yakanga dzakaonekwa kunonoka. Tiri kutaura pamusoro varwere avo, izvo vanachiremba vanoti: ". Zvinosuruvarisa, hatigoni kubatsira" Pano munguva ino uye vanoda kuti chete aidzidzisa rutsigiro, mune mamwe mashoko - mugumo-of-upenyu. Asi zvinokosha chete kune varwere vari kutambura. Kunyange zvakaoma kufungidzira mumwe munhu kufa asina hanya pamusoro peizvi. Asi pamwe pane vamwe ...

Groups wevarwere vanoda rubatsiro

• vanhu vane nyanyisa mapundu kwechikuva chechina;
• AIDS inoyerera panguva chinouraya Danho;
• vanhu nevasiri kenza chisingaperi mberi chirwere ane chirwere padanho kukura (pulmonary, renal, cardiac, hepatic kukundikana decompensation, nemamwe matambudziko ari muuropi kweropa zvinetso, multiple sclerosis).

Aidzidzisa nokutarisirwa inopiwa kune vaya vane upenyu anotarisirwa idukusa mitatu kusvika kumitanhatu, zviri pachena kuti kuedza panguva nemabatiro hakukurudzirwi kana murwere kusangana zviratidzo kuti zvinoda kutarisirwa uye symptomatic kurapa pamwe kushandiswa ruzivo chaiyo uye unyanzvi.

rutsigiro Formats

Nzira kuti urongwa palliative hanya angava akasiyana. nyika imwe neimwe anovandudza yayo urongwa. WHO rinokurudzira kuti kutsigira nenzira mbiri: muchipatara uye kumba. Specialised masangano, apo palliative hanya, munzvimbo dzinotarisirwa vanhu varwarisa uye madhipatimendi yakavakirwa oncology makiriniki, mukuru zvipatara, zvipatara of Social Protection. Home rutsigiro na unyanzvi ngavasununguke mabasa, sevapristi yakazvimirira hurongwa kana ari weboka zveutano zvivako.

Sezvo vanhu vakawanda vanosarudza kwoupenyu hwako kupedza pamba, kukura chechipiri shanduro palliative hanya zvikuru akakodzera. Asi muna Russia, ruzhinji varwere ava vanofa muzvipatara nokuti imba hama haigoni asike zvinhu zvavo kugutsikana. Chero zvazvingava, kusarudza zviri kumurwere.