Poppy (mhuri): Kazhinji maitiro, zvinhu uye maruva payakavakirwa

Poppy - imwe mhuri dicotyledonous zvirimwa zvenyika kuitira ranunculales kuti akapa vanhu sebenzi chinodhaka Poppy uye panguva imwe chete yakawanda decoration mubindu maruva. Nyaya iyi inopa vakawanda tsanangudzo botanical zvirimwa.

unhu papaveraceous

Mhuri siyana chaizvo. Zvinosanganisira anenge 700 marudzi, vakabatana muna 45 genera. Kunyanya ndiro uswa, kashoma nemiti uye Sub-nemiti, kunze - miti duku zvakasimba dissected kana yose mashizha pasina stipules. Distribution jogirafi kunofadza, asi unorema Representatives inokura iri kuchamhembe uye vakadzikama latitudes. Vakawanda kwemarudzi (pamusoro 300) ndowenyika genus Corydalis.

Papaveraceous: mukuru zvechadenga ruva

Nokuti nhengo dzemhuri vari pedyo Poppy maruva dzinoratidzwa vari zvepabonde nevarume uyewo nevakadzi, iri singly kana vakaungana inflorescences pakati siyana, kusvika pamwero cyclical, zygomorphic kana zvakanaka. Vane perianth miviri, peya caducous sepals uye, sezvo mutemo, 4 petals, kashoma zvakawanda. Nokuti Poppy dzinoratidzwa muzvizhinji kuti Stamens kana stigmas mbiru ndakagara kwemarudzi pamusoro ovary. Fruit - pod kana Kamudzira ine mbeu duku endosperm uye nembeu, ane mlechnikami, asi havana chipo pazvinhu zvipenyu zvose. Pasina chaakasiya zvinomera zvose zvine alkaloids.

Maruva Poppy ari mhuri kusiyana wakafanana nowenyika Ranunculaceae. Uye ipapo, uye pane kuitika actinomorphic uye zygomorphic chimiro, zvakasiyana zvachose mumwe.

subfamily

Papaveraceous rakakamurwa subfamilies maviri. Mukuru chokuratidza kuti kupatsanura pakuzvarwa - sechivako ruva. Somuenzaniso, celandine, Poppy vane yakarurama chimiro uye nhengo subfamily Chaizvoizvo Poppy, uye vamiririri vaibva zygomorphic - kuna Dymyankovym. Regai wechipiri zvizere. Kudeuka genus Dymyankovyh - Corydalis - zvinosanganisira 300 marudzi. Vose vari pasimba unozvidzora okunze ose Eurasia uye North America. Vakawanda vavo - geophytes vane tubers (kunyanya mudzi mavambo), uye ephemeroids. Zvikurukuru, rinoreva vaya vakajaira Corydalis zvose vulgaris. Plant makuru brushes maruva yepepuru-blue, ayo kunyanya kudiwa bumblebees. In chimiro ivo zygomorphic zvakasimba. Chikonzero kuti - the Tab rokunze denderedzwa, elongated ari chaitika. Asi kana imi enzanisa Corydalis uye aconite chati, tinogona kuona mhando dzakasiyana zvachose zigomorfii - pakutanga transverse. Izvi zvinhu zviri chete maruva Poppy mhuri.

nharo taxonomy

Chokutanga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhasi kupfuura mukurumbira vari marudzi maviri taxonomy kuti maruva zvinomera: APG II system (rakabudiswa muna 2003) uye Cronquist kupatsanura yakatanga neAmerican nyanzvi. Yechipiri yainyanya kushandiswa yepakutanga chimiro, uye pamwe adaptations ano. Kana uchitenda APG II ezvinhu, Poppy zvirimwa mhuri ndezvaJehovha ranunculales hurongwa. Data kwakadaro kunogona kazhinji kuwanikwa paIndaneti mari. Zvisinei, maererano netsika kupatsanura, vane zvavo padzoro - Makotsvetnye.

Botanists vanoziva kuti hurongwa nzvimbo mhuri zvechokwadi zvakawanda. Zviri pachena, Poppy vanofanira Ranunculaceae (hunomirirwa pazasi Buttercup guru) zvakafanana madzitateguru. Panyaya iyi, vamwe anonakidza nokuberekwa America. Vane zvinoitwa ruva Ranunculaceae uye panguva imwe chete vane mlechniki kuti havasi maitiro uye chiratidzo, chine Poppy mhuri.

Vamiririri ake nokururamisira inozivikanwa, kunyanya Horticultural zvirimwa. Zvisinei, chinonyanya chinozikamwa Chokwadi, ndiyo chinodhaka Poppy. Hazvina kunaka kuwedzera kuti vemakoko.

chinodhaka Poppy

Ari pari richiparadzirwa chete netsika. Yakabudiswa kazhinji kubva saibva bolls samafuta muto nezvi- alkaloids, izvo vanoongwa kubva yezvokurapa nemaonero .. Narcotine, morphine, codeine, etc. Zvinonzi refu chinodhaka fodya kwakanga kwakapararira muAsia, kunyanya China, apo wakange vakawanda hunhu. Somugumisiro, muti haana kubatsira chete asiwo ngozi. Kukura Poppy (chinodhaka, uye dzimwe mhando zvinodhaka ane yeimwe) muna Russia hakubvumidzwi mukurwisa zvinodhaka kubvira 2004.

Dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri

Vanorarama kukurukura pamusoro papaveraceous, tisingatauri chokwadi kuti unosanganisira zvakawanda rudzi kuti tinokosha somushonga uye decoration mubindu zvinomera.

• Rhode celandine. Pari zvinosanganisira maviri chete zvipenyu: Asian uye hombe. Both zvinomera simba semushonga aizivikanwa vanhu kubvira panguva yakare. In vanhu, dzakakurumbira aizivikanwa se "nipplewort" nokuda mano muto kubata zvirwere ganda uye kuti kuona nemburwa.
• Genus Corydalis. Anosanganisira dzinoverengeka rudzi, kunyanya perennial zvirimwa. A maitiro chinhu - the thickening pamusoro tuberous mudzi, hombe racemose Inflorescence. Nhengo genus - kunokosha makwenzi, asiwo uchi chirimwa kwete chete. Akadzora decoration siyana uye mhando.
• Rhode eschscholzia - chiduku genus zvinomera kubva North America, izvo zvinosanganisira anenge 10 marudzi. wevamiriri vayo vanozivikanwa se zvishongo zvinomera, kurimwa sezvo Annual.

• Rhode Argemona. Semushonga zvinomera ave achizivikanwa vaAztec. Zvino nhangemutange iri chavanokoshesa ayo zvikuru zvishongo uye zvinowanzoshandiswa mumunda uye indoor horticulture.
• Rhode Sanguinar zvinosanganisira marudzi mumwe chete. Natural chirimwa kukura ezvinhu - masango kumabvazuva North America. nhengo dzayo dzose ane zvikuru chepfu alkaloids. Sanguinar Canadian wakashandiswa mishonga uye mishonga yechivanhu.