Rococo werudzii mu mavakirwo Europe. Rococo architecture Russia

Quirky uye whimsical, manyorerwo ichi dzakatangira France mukuvamba XVIII remakore. Rococo akitekicha haisi zvokuti kuzvidzora mirayiridzo sezvo imwe duku kukura pani-European Baroque.

Maitiro zviri rococo

Rococo werudzii mune mapurani - rokutanga nzvimbo unyanzvi, izvo vakabviswa yakasimbiswa canons uye nyaya akaoma kunzwisisa uye rakanatswa misoro. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi uye nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti izvi muitiro hwokuratidza vanozvidzwa uye frivolity. Kunyange zvakadaro, izvozvo rwave chinokosha kwakabatsira vamwe dzinokura zvitaera zvakawanda zvose unyanzvi.

Kazhinji Kuratidza rococo mapurani, mapikicha paunogona kuona mashoma pazasi, vanorondedzerwa se chiedza uye kufunga. Zvinonzi zvachose kwete akacherechedza chakagadziridzwa, Sophistication uye rakakwana siyana, akavanda seri pachena frivolity.

Rococo uri - kuchikonzerwa nyika vemungano hwemandorokwati zvakaitika, sokuti chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo, decoration kunatsiridzwa uye Sophistication. Hapana zvachose pasina nzvimbo pathos uye heroism. Panzvimbo yavo kuuya zvokufungidzira, midziyo uye mutambo rudo.

The kuzivikanwa mutsetse uyu curved uye capricious mutsetse kuti chimiro chayo chakafanana goko, chinowanzoonekwa kuwanikwa mapurani siyana Rococo.

Nhoroondo chiitiko

Architectural kuitika inonzi "Rococo" akazviratidza France mukuvamba XVIII remakore. Mumazuva iwayo kwaiva Yaunoti kufarira "guru manyorerwo" - munhu akakura classicism uye asingazununguki, pamutemo Baroque, zviri pachena muenzaniso ndiro Palace chomuVersailles pamusoro Louis XIV. Baroque manyorerwo mune mapurani nezvimwe minda uri inodzorwa kweinenge nguva yose rekutonga Sun King.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti kurutivi pezana XVIII remakore muna Western Europe, kunyanya frivolity pamusoro Rococo akatanga zvishoma kubuda mufashoni, asi mumwoyo womunhu kondinendi iri kuitika munyika unyanzvi kwave nevakawanda vanenge kumagumo remakore.

Shoko rokuti "Rococo" rinobva pashoko French shoko rocaille, iro anoshandura se "noshamisa," "capricious" uye "zvimedu matombo" uye "deko". Munguva yose kuvapo zvidavado ichi akasikwa Zvaifadza nhamba mabasa ounyanzvi uye mapurani, asi chimwe chinonyanya kukosha chinhu madhorobha Ensemble muFrance - kunzwisisa rine nharaunda nhatu muguta Nancy muna Lorraine.

Rococo mu Europe

Nharaunda yacho European yakanga yakafukidzwa gogonera dzinokura dzinoitwa ichi unyanzvi kufamba. Zvisinei, dzimwe nyika uye inoti zvikuru zvakasimba akanzwa matambudziko zvidavado ichi. Somuenzaniso, France ari zvakarurama vaiona muvambi rococo, asi zvikuru hwakapararira Rococo manyorerwe mapurani yakasvika muGermany, kunyanya zvakasimba zvinoratidzwa Prussia padare Frederick II.

The kwokunatsiridzwa mirayiridzo iyi vanoratidza rinowanikwa kwoumbozha mumuzinda ensembles kuGermany, France, Russia, uye mamwe anoti.

French akitekicha hotera kunoratidzwa akasvibirira kushongedzwa mukati nzvimbo - rocaille omukati vari chaizvo Nyatsobatanidzwai pamwe chete pfupi kuzviomesera kwokunze pamasikiro chivakwa. Rococo werudzii mu mavakirwo nokufamba kwenguva akatanga kuparadzira Europe yose. Austria, Poland uye Czech Republic nokukurumidza kunzwa dzinoitwa fashoni nezvemaitiro art.

Rococo muRussia

Fashionable kuitikawo European rococo rechi18 muRussia akatanga kuratidza simba kunyanya pakati remakore. Vakawanda mutsetse uyu zvinowanzoshandiswa mukati kushongedzwa mumuzinda omukati uye stucco pamusoro pamadziro zvezvivako zhinji, uyewo mamwe matavi unyanzvi uye ounyanzvi. Trend mapurani Style akauya Russia vachibva kuFrance kusvika hafu yezana remakore kunonoka.

Muna 1662, Mambo France - Louis XIV - inotanga kuvaka Versailles, uye muna 1710 imomo Peterhof muRussia. Asingasviki hafu remakore, sezvo yakakurumbira mapurani Antonio Rinaldi chivako oranienbaumin, pakati wakakombwa Peterstadt, rococo-maitiro yamambo. Muzana XVIII remakore zvakanzi anowanzonzi "Dombo House", uye ikozvino pane miziyamu kuti "Dvorets Petra III».

Kuratidza rococo mapurani wokuchamhembe guta guru Russia

Stone imba iri kuchamhembe guru Russia rakafanana paki metende uye akaita panzvimbo kujairika chimiro - sikweya aine chekawo-kure ane mvere chinhu chakakombama angled. Pamusoro nechepakati suo yakashongedzwa ine nhurikidzwa wakaisvonaka amatare grille. The runako uye Sophistication kweimba tichionga mukuru uye elongated mahwindo panhurikidzwa yechipiri, uyewo kujairika balustrade.

Richienda ibwe dzimba, uyewo France chakaitwa muna Rococo manyorero. Kubvira panguva iyoyo, kamuri yakarongedzwa inova yoga negwara mapurani. Nokuti mukati mumagadzirirwo ichi kunoratidzwa unyanzvi, akanaka uye Sophistication. Zhinji Wedding mavara, wemishonga kusimba jena mutema, nezvakarukwa zvitema kana Pink, uye goridhe inlay - zvose zviri Rococo muSt Petersburg mapurani.

Pamwe kuitika izvi Russia akauya mumwe newfangled kuitika - Chinese exotics, izvo zvinoratidzwa trinkets kuti nenyembe mumba, uyewo dzimba yose vari yakakura, yakashongedzwa mumagadzirirwo ichi.

Zvinoita zviri rococo

Nevamwe zviri akakura mapurani rococo inoremerwa Baroque vari maitiro nenyama, akanaka uye unhu. Architects ndisisadi kuvaka refu uye rakakwirira dzimba, uye vaifarira duku unodziya kamuri mahwindo varefu, izvo zvaizoitawo vakanga dzikarongwa vakakomba nechepakati manera, richipa kunonyanyisa nyaradzo nokuda varimi zvose zveimba.

Vazhinji zvivako kungoramba yakafanana vanonzi imba hotel, iyo dzaizopiwa imwe mhuri. Ichi mapurani magadzirirwo zvava nevakawanda somugumisiro iyo vakatanga kuvakazve zhinji zvivako kare dzakavakwa chikuru uye wokuratidza Baroque manyorerwo.

Zvose, pasinei nekuwanda zvishongo nezvimwe decoration okunze, Rococo akatarisa rinorema uye akakura. Zvakatopesana - aiita chiedza uye Airy nemhaka Sophistication uye kwokunatsiridzwa zvakadzama uye uchinyatsobatanidzwa vachiwirirana mavara.

Rococo ari omukati muzvivako

Rococo sei kwete chete dzinokura zviitiko zviri mavakirwo - wokugadzira haana wakarega mhiri art. Uyezve, kwemakore akawanda ezvivako nguva ndiro mukati ndiko nzvimbo mutsetse idzva rinoona pachena kuratidzwa kwayo. Marongerwo zvivako zvakanga kazhinji asymmetrical, akavaka kunhivi dzose, denderedzwa uye kunyange 8-pakona mumba.

Muzana XVIII remakore Rococo, ane mapurani kunoratidzwa vakasununguka uye nenyasha, uye kuva chikamu zvokunyaradza nzvimbo. Yakarongedzwa makamuri, kicheni nemidziyo, uye drapery, uyewo unofadza meso zvinhu, izvo akapa mumba yakawanda Sophistication - ichi zvose maitire menyika muna rococo manyorero.

Chinese madudziro emazwi ari rococo

Sezvambotaurwa vashoma kupfuura newfangled kuitika mavakirwo XVIII remakore neimwe nzira pamwe Chinese Zvisaririra. Munhambo ichi, vari omukati zvivako kuwedzera aigona kuonekwa zvinhu nemagariro Eastern, inova yakanakisisa akakodzera kuti Rococo manyorerwo. Makamuri vakanga vakakamurwa kuva nevamwe zvikamu kushandisa chiedza sefa uye partitions, uye womukicheni riri kuramba zvichiita kuti kuonekwa chepakuvamba rinovira uye nemimwe midziyo yakagadzirwa china.

Rooms dzaiva dzokufananidzira dzinongoitika noruvara uye maruva mazano. Miti pamwe matete hunde dzacho, akwariyamu hove uye chakanaka runako orkideat, zvakawanda goridhe nezvimwe Chinese motifs - zvose murugare aibatanidza zviri mukati menyika Rococo yaitonga.

Zvechikadzi Architectural rococo

Kuti kupinda zvose kunaka uye mhepo zvidavado ichi ounyanzvi uye mapurani, hazvina kukwana kuona runako - unofanira kukwanisa kunzwa nayo. Haasi masanga, pamwe ichi manyorerwo chizenga kune rechikadzi. Zvakakwana kuyeuka kuti zvose wamakamuri guru uye rakapamhamha reconstructed kupinda diki, yakavandika dzapedyo kamuri. Romukadzi vaiva zvose. Uyezve, kunyange dzokuzvinatsa dzimba uye makamuri vakanyanya kufanana boudoirs - akawandisa kwavari zvose kamuri dzapedyo.

Light anokunyengedzera noruvara kwakavakirwa, kumeso uye ichiyevedza makakombama masvingo, vakawanda nezvionioni, uyewo resi chishongo zvinhu uye zvakawanda stucco pamwe dzokuAustralia akanaka - seiko mumwe manyorerwo kuva pedyo zvakakwana?

Playful uye kwezvokufuka mapurani manyorerwo ndiyo yakanakisisa mameseji zviri munhukadzi hunhu.

Rococo nhasi

XVIII remakore - nguva rococo architecture Russia. Zvisinei, pari zvino pane mafeni iyi rakanatswa uye yakagozha manyorerwo.

Wedding mavara, kumeso mitsetse uye goridhe kushongedzwa, mavara chiedza uye vakawanda akanaka nenhumbi, zvose zvamarudzi mapatani uye curls, uye zvakasiyana-siyana kujairika magirazi uye drapes - ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha chinosiyanisa zviri mapurani negwara.

Decorating mukamuri werudzii muzana remakore rechi18 - iguru mukana sokuti aristocrat chaiyo. Zvaangaita uye tariro kwemashoko midziyo makambani, uyewo incredible hwomoyo vagadziri uye decorators zvinogona kubatsira kuti pave chepakutanga uye kujairika kamuri rococo manyorero. Munzvimbo idzi unogona here kunakidzwa neupenyu uye vanakidzwe ose idzva zuva.