Roman 'Chii?': Basa The utopian yokutanga mabhuku Russian

The nganonyorwa "Chii?" Rakanyorwa nomumwe inozivikanwa zvikuru vanyori uye mabhuku nevatsoropodzi. Yokubatanidzwa muchikoro kwakarongwa, ndiwo basa guru verenga nevakawanda. Uye munguva Soviet, apo Chernyshevsky akapiwa chinzvimbo guru echimurenga democrat, kuti yokufungidzira "Chii kuita?" Aiva mumwe yakakurumbira mabhuku mabasa. Chokwadi, nhasi zita Chernyshevsky akarasikirwa UKURU uye nokubwinya, asi kufarira yokufungidzira hauna simba. Chinoshamisawo nhoroondo yokufungidzira "Chii kuita?".

Didenko akanyora Paaidzidzisa ake, ari musungwa mujeri Alekseevskogo Ravelin, riri munhare. The nganonyorwa rakanyorwa kwerinenge gore, uye ipapo, pashure achipfuura basa wobvunzisisa, iro basa mubhizimisi Chernyshevsky, zvisakakwana akatamisira vanyori. Chokwadi, censors uye Commission vafunga chete rudo nyaya iri yokufungidzira, saka iye aibvumirwa kubudisa mu "Contemporary" magazini. Gare gare, apo yokufungidzira "Chii kuita?" rakabudiswa, kukanganisa, Chokwadi, wawanikwa, mumwe nomumwe akanga chinhu chokuita mbudo yacho itsva kudhindwa, zvakabviswa kubva muhofisi. makamuri ose "Contemporary", yakabudiswa yokufungidzira rakarambidzwa. Nhoroondo yokufungidzira "Chii kuita?", Sezvaunoona, hakusi nyore. Uye kana isu kufungawo chokwadi chokuti yokufungidzira akarasika munzira kubva nhare kusvika nyaya "Contemporary" uye akatora dzimwe nomukomana mumugwagwa, zvinova pachena kuti chishamiso icho chinopukunyuka nhasi.

Pakutanga zvinoita sokuti "Chii kuita?" A rudo nyaya. Zvisinei, muna yokufungidzira kunoratidza kwouzivi aesthetic, hupfumi, magariro cues ramangwana. Chaizvoizvo, izvi ndizvo wokutanga yokufungidzira utopian mune mabhuku Russian. Uye nhoroondo yokufungidzira "Chii kuita?" Was zvinosiyana zvinodiwa nguva. Asi, panguva iyoyowo, Chernyshevsky akakwanisa kungoparara chimurenga iyo chinyararire akatungamirira mambo kuchinja, uyewo mamwe mashoko, saka kuti aruminiyamu iri yokufungidzira rinonzi simbi kuti kushandiswa ramangwana. Uyezve, vamwe vanotaurwa mubhuku, "Chii kuita?" Autobiographical. Saka, Vahosi vari kuchema kubva wokupedzisira chitsauko - ndiwo mukadzi emunyori, Olga Chernyshevskaya, rinomirira simba uye rudo.

Chimiro chikuru pamusoro yokufungidzira - Rozalskaya kutenda kuti haruzvitsvakiri kufanana nharaunda dzavo uye nemhuri. Iye achitambura pazviri kusvikira panguva yakadai mudzidzisi hanzvadzi yake, Dmitri Lopukhov, anouya aine zano kuzoiponesa. Inoitwa pakuti iye akapinda muwanano naye, vachibvumira wake ndeyokubvisa joko kwavabereki kuva yakazvimirira munhu. Anotanga kudzidza, anovhura nguvo yake, iyo yava shoko itsva dzinoitwa upfumi, nokuti purofiti yakakamurwa zvakafanana pakati kushanda vakadzi vose. Panoperera iri yokufungidzira Vera anova chiremba mukadzi wokutanga.

The nganonyorwa "Chii kuita?" Ane nguva kujairika kuti rudo nyaya. Pashure pemakore mashomanana varoorana, Dmitriy uye Vera vanotanga kudanana kuti chaicho. Papera nguva, miviri rudo ichichinja netriangle. Third inova Alexander Kirsanov, anoda Faith. Ipapo rangano ikabuda nezvimwewo nzira, uye sei unogona kudzidza nokuverenga yokufungidzira.

Chernyshevsky kunopa yokufungidzira uye chinokosha munhu Rakhmetov zita. In basa rake, haana kutamba hombe basa, asi Biography vake zviito kuti tikwanise govera kune imwe mhando munhu. Chii? Munoziva, kana iwe kuverenga yokufungidzira. Kunze Rakhmetova, vamwe vanonyanya kutaurwa kuitawo chitsva mhando yevanhu (asi kwete chinokosha), vanogara uye funga kunze bhokisi uye chiito nedzimwe nzira, kuenda zvinopesana tsika kusimbiswa.

The nganonyorwa inoguma? Izvi zvichaita vaverengi kudzidza chinopenya mabasa ose ainakidza emutauro wekuRussia mabhuku Nikolai Chernyshevsky. Hazvishamisi mabasa ake yakura yakawanda zvizvarwa dzinonakidza uye zvikuru vanhu.