Rora mbudzi mukaka: tsananguro, mapikicha. rutoto mbudzi

Mbudzi - vane mwero, dzakachena, nyore chaizvo uye zvakanaka kuti mhuri chipfuwo. Chokwadi, unoda zvinhu yevasungwa, kutarisirwa, kunyange chokupika vamwe vachida, nokuti iro iye achava mari kazana pamwe muridzi. Kurapa mukaka, zvokudya zvinonaka nyama - ndizvo zvakataurwa dheri mbudzi. Rutoto pavo - zviri painstaking, asi asina mano, nokukurumidza inobhadhara woga. zvokudya mari, zano mudanga iduku zvikuru pane imwe mhou. Ndivo nyore kutarisira, nguva yakawanda runodiwa. Chengeta maitiro rembudzi dzinonakidza. Vana vanoda kutamba pamwe mbudzi vana - zviri chaiyo sekasi musha.

Mbudzi chikafu uye kuporesa

Wembudzi mukaka - muviri uye dietetic, analogue kuti zamu kwevanhu. It zvichienzaniswa bovine yakawanda mapuroteni, calcium phosphorus - "chivakwa zvinhu" marangwanda uye mazino, zviri fatter uye chinonyanya kukosha - allergenic. Naizvozvo, hapana chigadzirwa nani pane mbudzi mukaka, mupudzi kuti-vana, nokuti vanhu sema kuti yemombe muchinzwisisa. Mumazuva akare, apo pakanga pasina mixes kuti mukana wokuzvidzivirira yava kupa vacheche, vana kudya mukaka wembudzi. Uyewo taizova akarondedzera kwaari vakura, vane matambudziko pamwe digesting chikafu. Animaloterapiya (kuporesa tichibatsirwa mhuka) akataura kuti kutanga mbudzi kutambura kubva neBP, Graves kana cholelithiasis. Mukaka dzevakurukuri pamwe dzinovaraidza anogona kuporesa matambudziko aya.

Nokuti muenzaniso kushanda nembudzi kuenda haisi zvakakodzera. Yeuka Robinson. With mbudzi akadyiswa, akapfeka uye shangu, kutaura navo ijeke makore akawanda kusurukirwa munyika yokumwe. Mbudzi mukaka kwainzi "murombo mhou yacho". Asi mumakore achangopfuura, wembudzi mukaka vaikoshesa zvikuru mombe, uyezve, kashoma ari kutengeswa.

zhinji madzinza

Mbudzi - imwe mhuka okutanga nemakore akawanda mubasa murume - makore 9000. Maererano inobereka zvibereko zvokuita, vari muzvikamu 5 mapoka: Sherstnev, munhenga, nyama, dheri uye zvakavhenganiswa (shinda, minhenga, nyama uye mukaka). On ose kondinendi, pane vamiririri worudzi melkorogatogo zvinangwa zvakasiyana. KuSoutheast Asia, zvikurukuru kusimudza chive nyama, frolic pasi muMakomo Altai. MuEurope, kunyanya akatunhidzwa erudzi mbudzi mukaka. Inosanganisira kwete chete yevagari zvemukaka uye nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi zvigadzirwa kubva. Pane yakawanda mbudzi maberekero mapurazi kuti kupa mbishi zvinhu zvokudya indasitiri basa, kuti Enterprise. Nokuti mamwe dzakagadzirirwa ndiye maberekero mbudzi okutengesa. mberi ruminant kuedza kuvandudza mukaka uye bumbiro mhuka kubudisa dzinowanika.

Funga rudzi romukaka mbudzi - kupfuura zvibereko uye nani dzakashandisa chando chakanyanyisa pane African Nubian nembudzi. It - Saanen, toggenburgskie, nechomujinga (Swiss, French, British) uye Gorky Megrelian dheri mbudzi. Photography mumwe mumiririri kuchinjwa zvatariswa pamwe panze kunyatsoshanda noruzhinji.

Saanen nembudzi

Common uye chinonyanya kuoneka pakati romukaka mbudzi dzinoita - Saanen. The nzvimbo yechizvarirwo ravo - Zaanental mumupata muSwitzerland. Rutoto-erudzi ari makomo YOMUMAKOMO Mafuro pamwe zvinoshamisa ezvinhu rwakatora emakore akawanda. First hwakaratidza muParis muna 1856 pasi nezita Saanen mbudzi chena hornless. Zvishoma nezvishoma, rudzi chapararira Europe, apo aivigirwa kuvandudza mukaka vomunharaunda nembudzi.

Nyika iri guru nembudzi: ruminant uterine kukwirira pa hunooma 75-80 masendimita (dzimwe nguva 85), munhu mhenyu kurema makirogiramu 60 (90 makirogiramu vamwe vanhu); mbudzi-proizoditeli kukwirira dzimwe hunooma 82-86 masendimita anorema makirogiramu 70 (vamwe makirogiramu 100). Vachangoberekwa mbudzi avhareji 3 makirogiramu, mbudzi - anopfuura 4 makirogiramu. Pana 2 months dzavo uremu kusvikira 10 makirogiramu muna mbudzi uye 12 makirogiramu mu nembudzi. Egore mbudzi kg 30, mbudzi 35-40.

Exterior Zaanen mbudzi

Nechitarisiko - nzwisa dheri mbudzi. Constitution rinorema kana kusimba gobvu marangwanda (marangwanda) ne simba mwero dzakabudirira netsandanyama. Leather chinhu Zvinokosha zvakaisvonaka uye dzakaonda, akafukidza anopinza-awn undercoat. Nemusoro svikiro yakaoma, hornless, nzeve "nyanga" rinotungamirirwa mberi uye zvishoma kurutivi. Mutsipa iri refu sandara dzimwe nguva "mhete." Mutumbi yakadzika, refu, rakafara zvakakwana. Makumbo vane simba, zvakarurama akaiswa. Mahwanda kuvheneka tsvuku. Color chena. At nzeve ganda of dzimwe nguva zamu dema pigmentation mu makwapa akasvibirika. A zvitengeswa zvakanaka sharo- kana peya serin'i zamu pamwe dzakabudirira zvakanaka minyatso.

Lactation kusvika mazuva 330 pagore. Asingabereki nembudzi vari milked akaramba kwemakore akawanda. Zvibereko 600 kana kupfuura marita por lactation mafuta mukaka kugutsikana kanenge 4%. Kunyora muna 3507 L hakusati vakundwa. Dairy nerembudzi kuchengetwa kure mbudzi mugadziri, zvimwe mukaka hazvizofadzi kunaka uye kwakanaka.

Saanen mbudzi yakaorera, precocity uye nesimba. In kusavapo inofambirana akatunhidzwa unhani mbeu unhu Kutamiswa zvakazara.

Toggenburg dzembudzi

Muzana remakore rechi18 parutivi Swiss National kusarudza akasika toggenburgskaya kubereka nembudzi. For 3 anotevedzana remakore somugumisiro muchinjikwa maberekero erudzi urwu chete dzinoita vemo munyika dzakasiyana Czech akatunhidzwa shava, vanokudzwa toggenburgskaya British togennburgskaya mbudzi. The Russian chikwata togennburgskie mbudzi dzaitya pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore.

dombo Exterior inomira munhu shava suit asi pane mhuka mavara. Toggenburgskie mbudzi kucherechedzwa nenzira pachena nezviratidzo - mavanga chena: 2 rinoparadza yakarongwa zvakafanana pamusoro tomu, nzeve mupendero achitevedza micheto rezasi chikamu muswe uye makumbo kubva akaparadzana kusvika hock zvakare chena. Constitution simba uye akaoma, rinopindirana kusanganiswa hunde kumusoro panguva hunooma 0,6 m. The musoro refu uri mutsipa refu. Straight zvishoma sandara profile. Toggenburgskie hornless mbudzi, mbudzi nyanga, asi pane hornless. Direct kuruka convex mbabvu. Makumbo simba mwero urefu, kuisa zvakanaka, mahwanda yakatsiga simba. A sacrum, hombe zamu. The bhachi iri silky, musana uye nezvidya inokura kusvika masendimita 20. Weight 70 makirogiramu vagadziri vane vanamambokadzi anosvika 55 makirogiramu.

Toggenburgskaya iwane rudzi nembudzi (ari nemarara vechiduku kazhinji 2-3), zviri nyore kuti acclimate muchando uye gomo ezvinhu, vanosarudza coolness uye mumvuri muzhizha, asi kunoda kuti zvokudya zvacho, iro zvinoenderana zvakabikwa mukaka.

Lactation kusvika mazuva 300 pagore. Kukama rokutanga Kozlenev 500 L, pamwe unozotevera mukaka goho lambing kukura kusvika 1000 litres MUBHUKU pasina achidzikisa chando. Fat mukaka 3-4%. Namapundu kwazvo kuravira.

Alpine mbudzi erudzi

Rutoto mhuka erudzi urwu kwakatanga makomo ose Switzerland nokuda National breeding-. Ipapo kusarudzwa mberi muFrance uye England. Aivigirwa kuna Swiss Alpine mbudzi uye interbred nezvakanakisisa vemo matombo.

General "Zvikwenzi" zvinhu

Pets guru size: makore 4 makore mbudzi iri hunooma kukwirira 76 CM uremu 61 makirogiramu, mbudzi - 81 masendimita uye 77 makirogiramu. Mutsipa iri refu, yakaoma musoro twasu hura, yakananga profile. Kune hornless uye nyanga. Mukaka negoho uye kubereka kumusoro - kubva 1200 kusvika 1600 litres mukaka pagore nezvakanaka zvokudya uye akanaka ezvinhu, vanoverengeka nembudzi imwe lambing. Delicious mukaka, mafuta (5.5%) uye inotonhorera (3% mapuroteni).

Alpine mbudzi vane mwero kuti zvokudya, achichinja kuita vatsva ezvinhu okunze nokukurumidza, mune boka sevanonyanya vatungamiri (unofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti harirambidzi vamwe kubva vanongodya), kunzwisisa, kuti muridzi rudo, ushamwari. Alpine romukaka mbudzi dzinoita inokosha mune makomo nzvimbo - vane ichiyevedza uye nimble, kuti "makomo" chaiye uye ichabereka yavo imomo, apo murege vanokwira mhou, uye manheru uchaunza mukaka kuti muridzi. Chokwadi, mukaka goho achava duku, asi chakanaka, chikaita kubva makwenzi. mbudzi ava akakodzera stabling.

runonakidza ruvara

The Swiss vari mubasa kurimwa Zvikwenzi dzembudzi chinosekesa kuti nguva dzose vanowana Kozlenev "chipo mavara" - mbudzi chitsvuku avo vakaberekwa. Classic mavara "mutsipa chena" - musoro uye muviri pakati chena, uye vakasara - grey kana dema, kana "mutsipa tsvuku" - Brown musoro, mutsipa, mapendekete uye shure dema ruvara. Pane variegated (makwapa chena ari munhu mutema yaipinda ndiEzekieri), shava vane mavara matema, shava ane mutsetse dema achitevedza muhomba uye makumbo dema. Panotova mbudzi - kubvira musoro pakati hunde dema, uye zvadaro muswe belye.Chisto chena jasi uye shava Alpine erudzi mbudzi hadzina vanoonekwa - ruvara ichi huri unhu Zaanen uye toggenburgskoy matombo.

Alpine howa erudzi

French Alpine mbudzi mukaka, mufananidzo iyo muverengi mumiririri, akaratidza pamusoro mujinga rechiFrench Alps kubva pamusoro vomunharaunda dzinoita akayambuka pamwe Swiss purebred nembudzi. Dzakashandisa mamiriro dzamakomo. Zvienderane zvakasiyana - chena, makwapa, pasi ruvara chamois. Kune nyanga uye pasina pavo. Avhareji negoho anosvika 900 litres ari calving kuti calving. MuFrance, dzimwe mapurazi chengeta zvipfuwo muna 1000 nembudzi. Rutoto basa rinoitwa kuvandudza mukaka sezvamunoita uye suitability kuti muchina kukama mhuka.

British Alpine erudzi, anowanzonzi dema toggenburgskoy, vakanyorwa pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore muEngland. Kwakachena dema ruvara ne chena "inoratidza Swiss" - ubvise kumeso, bezel nzeve, "masokisi" netsoka dzavo, "podboyka" pazasi muswe. Mbudzi varefu uye tetepa, nyore-refu musoro uri chakanaka pamutsipa, tote nzeve zvishoma kwaimirira. Daily mukaka goho kusvika 4.5 litres.

Dairy mbudzi dzinoita muRussia

Gorky ndiye mumiririri mbudzi akakodzera. Nyaya dombo hakusi vamwe. Asi tinoziva kuti madzibaba acho akanga Russian nomukaka mbudzi uye chena-zaanenki vatorwa, kupinza pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore ari pakati Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda, akadana Soviet nguva, Gorky, sei, uye akapiwa zita rudzi. Pari, nembudzi izvi zvinopa vanhu uye upfumi murimi mudiki Varimi of Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda. Pazvipfuwo Russian erudzi ichaongororwa chakanakisisa uye kuedza kwevanhu Breeders kuramba ichishanduka nenzira iri kugadzirwa mukaka.

Exterior Gorkovskaya mbudzi zaanenskoj zvakafanana, asi mhuka zvishoma maduku kukura uye uremu: 50 makirogiramu mbudzi, dzembudzi hombe - 60 kana kupfuura makirogiramu kuti mhenyu uremu. Dzinoratidzwa chena ruvara bvudzi pfupi uye underfur - 10% Zvinhu Zvisina Basa. Munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzomuviri bvudzi zvakasiyana arambe achirema uye urefu. Kubereka rakanaka; mbudzi iri kazhinji kunounza 2 mbudzana, asi pane nyaya Kozlenev 4-5 vana.

Lactation kusvika 10 mwedzi pagore, neavhareji nadaivanii munguva ino 500 litres. Nezvakanaka kugadzirwa kutarisirwa mukaka kusvika 1000 litres uye zvakawanda. Pashure pemwedzi mitanhatu Kozlenev DSA mukaka goho pavanoramba vhoriyamu imwe, uye ipapo dzikira chaizvo.

Kubva mbudzi Zvinhu Zvisina Basa - 250 d nokuda iCal, rakaisvonaka mbudzi, anoshandiswa yepamusoro shevrovoy ganda.

Popular nhasi purebred nomukaka mbudzi, mutengo iyo, zvikuru zvakajeka, tarenda (purebred mbudzi pamwedzi mari pamusoro 30 zviuru. Rubles), kwete zvose iripo. Beginners vanogona kupa zano: kutenga isingadhuri Gorky mbudzi, dzakashandisa chando, vane mwero kuti dyisa, wembereko uye kwezvinhu zvakanaka uye mukaka inonaka chose.

Mingrelian mbudzi

In kumavirira Georgia, Samegrelo, rudzi romukaka mbudzi runouyisa Mingrelian amapani uye gomo mhando. On sandara nomunzvimbo dzine vagari namagariro akaramba ari leash uye mhuka nematanga wokutanga mhando. Vakaguta kumorwa chirimwa kwavo zvokudya, dongo kubva michero uye miriwo. Mbudzi nebani diki, avhareji kurema nhunzvi panguva fudzi kureba 60 masendimita ose 33-37 makirogiramu, mbudzi makuru uye rinorema - pasi 50 makirogiramu. Nokuti mazuva 200 mukaka kubva nembudzi nadaivayut avhareji 300 litres mukaka, panguva yakapiwa rekodhi pedhi 750. Fertility duku: chete 20 kubva 100 nhunzvi kuuya mbudzi 2, dzasara mumwe.

Mountain mbudzi kupfuura vazvo ane bumbiro yakasimba uye mafungu marangwanda, zvakawanda hombe. Weight dzembudzi kusvika 50 makirogiramu 70 makirogiramu mbudzi. Nokufurira pamatunhu kumafuro kubva muchirimo kusvika mukupera kwematsutso, muchando ivo achiburuka kubva nenhongonya mugomo mumipata, uko vari kufudza. Negoho paavhareji kubva 200 kusvika 250 litres muzana-mwedzi mitanhatu lactation. Kubereka muduku - 110 vana kubva 100 nhunzvi.

Color Mingrelian mbudzi, chena, tsvuku uye pfumbu. Short bvudzi rwakaoma. mhuka yose yakatanga zvakanaka curved nyanga muchimiro tsamba S pamusoro elongated musoro wandei, nomutoo-urefu ndebvu.

Mingrelian nembudzi husingakwanisi chirwere. The Resettlement rembudzi izvi mune dzimwe nzvimbo kuchaita kutsungirira uye negoho omunzvimbo dzinoita rembudzi.

rutoto mbudzi

Adult purebred chive maberekero zvakaoma kuwana uye kubhadhara pavo kuti zvinodhura. Unogona kuenda mumwe nzira - kubva kumbudzi nembudzi purebred vabereki mapurazi siyana, kuita chinokosha ushe - kurambidza inbreeding. Zviri zvikuru kuenda Breeders ruminant nembudzi. Musakanganwa yakanaka ushe yekare: zvinodhura asi zvakanaka uye zvakachipa nguva - munoziva, "pfungwa" zvingasaita.

Kuzoongorora mbudzi nembudzi-mugadziri-mai - thoroughbred zviratidzo vanofanira kuva yakajeka. Mutengesi shoko pamusoro soro negoho muchibereko chemusikana kuongorora tsika - kunyange mukaka mbudzi pamberi penyu. Edza mukaka kunaka uye kunhuwidza.

Pakati kukodzera mbudzi lambing, zvine vanopfuura vaviri. Special pfungwa ramangwana mugadziri. Yembudzi rutoto inofanira vakabvunzurudzwa. Check kukura nhengo dzokubereka nadzo rembudzi.

Tinzwe mutengesi sei zvokudya. Inokosha: pamberi mwedzi miviri zera vana mukaka waamai vanofanira kuva zvokudya zvavo chikuru. kukura Personal uye kukura haanzverwi uremu, kudya, chitarisiko bvudzi jasi uye playfulness chinhu kutengeswa.

Uye nembudzi mari zvachose nzvimbo yevasungwa. The zororo (maberekero rakanaka) zvinoenderana kwakakodzera zvokudya uye hanya nokutarisira mhuka.