Seiko kuti Moscow - chengarava mumakungwa shanu?

Vazhinji vedu kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwake vakanzwa mashoko kuti Moscow - chengarava mumakungwa shanu. Asi kana iwe atore mepu yacho kuMoscow nharaunda, hapana achawana gungwa chero pedyo. Sei saka takatanga kutaura? Ngatitange kubva pakutanga.

Supreme ngarava

Munguva dzekare, kwakanga kusina motokari, hapana zvitima, hapana ndege, uye kuendesa zvokudya nezvimwe mitoro yakasiyana-siyana muguta akanga agara. Ini ndauya kubatsira zvikepe. Chokwadi, zvikepe zviri yekare havana kufanana zviri ikozvino. Nhasi, vari kushambira uori pedyo injini, asi vasati kutongwa kudhonzwa pamusoro tambo. basa iri rakanga raitwa bhiza. Man mahanisi uye akavachengeta pamativi yegungwa. Zvisinei, mabhiza aiva nguva yakaoma, asi munhu aite basa rakadaro rakanga kunyange zvakaoma.

Uchapupu chokwadi ichi ndicho mufananidzo them Repina rinonzi "chikepe Haulers pamusoro Volga". Pairi womufananidzo rave anofananidzirwa vazhinji-vaneta nokuneta-vakwasvi varume kudhonza chikepe netambo. zviso zvavo vakapiswa ne zuva rinopisa, pahuma dzavo akafukidza ziya, zvipfeko ikava bvarurwa kushanda zvakaoma. Scary kufunga zvakadini simba uye utano akapiwa vanhu ava kuti utakure nhumbi kwose zvakakodzera. Dzimwe nguva, mumwe munhu aifanira kuzununguswa nezvikepe nzira vakaremerwa yakadaro, kunyange nemumasango uye mafuro kuti ngarava yacho yakaramba nzira kwayo murwizi. Kubvira ipapo, mashoko akaenda, kuti zvikepe regai kushambira, uye ufambe.

Muscovites vanoziva kuti avo munharaunda imomo Volokolamsk muguta. Zita reguta iri une midzi mbiri "anofa" uye "Lama". nzvimbo iyi yakatanga muna chokwadi transhipment apo chikepe kudzura mvura yomurwizi Lama akakwevera pamwe pasi Voloshni mubhedha. kuparadzirwa kwakadaro akapedza ngarava kwemazana akawanda emakore, asi XVIII remakore, Mambo Peter Mukuru akasvika pfungwa kuvaka chinokosha gwara. Asi kutaurwa pachiteshi mumakungwa shanu munhau vokutanga vachava kunyange paya.

Man-yakaitwa rwizi

Emperor Peter I vakwira pamwe mukana kuderedza gang kuti chikepe. Fungidzira kuti kubva kuMoscow Ryazan nechikepe chikepe hakudi 200 makiromita sezvo motokari, uye saka zvakawanda. The ndechokuti rwizi ichitenderera chaizvo, vane zvakawanda dzinokanganisa uye majana, saka gang kunopfuura mugwagwa.

Our Emperor tega kuchera zvakadzika pemigero munzvimbo yoRwizi apo zviri zvikuru wakakombama, uye ipapo ugopfiga rwizi yakare gwara, kwete asipo mvura ipapo, uye muchimwiro itsva pairi. Ndizvo pfungwa Peter anombotwasanudza mamwe rwizi!

Zvechokwadi, mugwagwa uyu aiva nyore uye mapfupi pane yapfuura. Zvinoshamisa, pfungwa yakadaro anobvumirwa kuvaka waterways munzvimbo havana kumbovapo. Munhu haana kuva hakumbofi pachako kuti chikepe, zvakanga zvakakwana kuchera zvakadzika mugero, uye mugwagwa yakavakwa pamusoro Navy.

Ungashamiswa, asi rinoita hono nehadzi ichiri dziri chokwadi ane chirongwa chakadai. Under utungamiriri hwake Vyshnevolotskiy Canal yakavakwa. Dam ichi chave chokuita maviri nzizi Tvertsa uye Tsnu. Saka kubva Volga ngarava vakawira muGungwa reBaltic. Port kwemakungwa shanu gare gare yakavakwa saizvozvo.

hadzisi kuzadzika zvirongwa

Emperor Petr Veliky panguva yake pamuviri kubatanidza Moskva River uye Volga. Asi urongwa izvi havana takatondeswa kuti zvizadzike. Muzana XVIII remakore, mambo akarayira kuvakwa anoona, uye panguva yakabereka wakati familiarized naro, Petro akati yokutanga mwoyo: "! Asi"

Kuvaka mugero panguva iyoyo zvakazoonekwa kuti zvinodhura zvikuru uye nguva unoparadza, sezvo kwakanga kusina michina kuti aigona kuzviita nokukurumidza uye pasina vanotambura. Uye isu achasvika pedyo pakupindura mubvunzo: nei Moscow anonzi chengarava mumakungwa shanu?

Capital nyota

Mumwe nomumwe wedu anoziva kuti kunwa pombi mvura, nokuti kuti guta iri rikavakwa pamahombekombe erwizi. Saka pamwe Moscow. Pachikumbaridzo remakore rechimakumi maviri muguta guru rinotanga kukura zvokuti nokukurumidza kuti vagari kushaiwei mvura yakachena. Zviremera guta achidisa kutora chero chinhu.

Uye muna 1931 kwakasarudzwa kuti abatane chikuru rwizi guru Volga. iye chete aigona kubatsira Moscow mumamiriro ezvinhu. Gore rakatevera vakatanga kuvaka Great Moscow chiteshi. Chivako Grand kwakatora 5 years, uye muchirimo muna 1937, nzira yave vakabudirira kuvakwa.

Its kureba 128 makiromita. Chete Spring March 23 Volga pataimira maminitsi 3, uye Volga gwara wakazadzwa nemvura. Ivankovskoe Dam wazara, April 18, mvura kubva Volga akadhakwa vagari guru!

Zvakaratidza kuti kwete Muscovites zvose kuziva refu nzira yokukunda mvura kuti anwe.

Moscow - guta-Chiteshi mumakungwa shanu

Heino mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti. Huro gwara rakanga panguva Iosifa Stalina utongi. Mashoko aya yakarira kubva miromo musoro Soviet wehurumende. Zvinorehwa nemutsara uyu kuti pashure pakuvaka gwara Moscow uye "Volga-Don" kubva huru muguta pamusoro pavo unogona kusvika:

• Sea Black.
• Gungwa Azov.
• White Sea.
• The Sea reBaltic.
• KweGungwa reCaspian.

Mamiriro "chengarava makungwa shanu" rinogona basa kwete chete kuMoscow asiwo navose namaguta zvine mvura kutaura guru. Maguta aya anosanganisira Uglich, Volgograd, Kazan uye zvichingodaro. Generalissimo of Soviet Union yakanga yakakodzera kuzomisa vakadaro pamwero mukuru mapurojekiti, saka kuita chengarava mumakungwa shanu muMoscow akauya tifunge zita Stalin.