Seshasha ndege The? chinotsva marudzi

Haasi munhu wose anoziva, pane ndege seshasha. For kumeso uye basa rakanaka vezvikwata zvakadaro zvinoda chaiwo mafuta shoma-mugiredhi. ndege pamwero hunoenderana zvakanga akafukidza ari mundege. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mutengo avhiyesheni chinotsva yakawedzera nguva zhinji nokuda kwekushomeka mafuta. Panguva iyoyo, mashoko yeimwe itsva dziri padzaiva. Saka chii akapiwa ndege? Chii huni ichi kushandiswa?

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana huni ndege

Saka, chii yazara mu ndege? Pari zvino pane marudzi akasiyana chete zvishomanana huni michina yakadaro:

• huni reciprocating injini;
• ndege chinotsva, dzaizopiwa jeti yokutevedzera.

Mumwe mhando rakagadzirirwa mamwe marudzi ndege. Kutsiva mafuta mumwe mhando ndiyo ngozi chaizvo. Pashure vose chinotsva kunoenderana kuchengeteka vose vachava muchikepe ndege. It iri chikonzero refueling zviumbu azopiwa kutarisirwa. Musiyano uri pakati ndege mafuta kubva avhiyesheni peturu?

avhiyesheni chinotsva

Zvino kuti munoziva zviri kupomerwa ndege. Computer nokuti midziyo yakadai nhaka zvimwe unhu uye zvivako. Ndezvipi zvakasiyana. Jet chinotsva, kana, mune mamwe mazwi, avhiyesheni chinotsva, kurega ichangopfuura kushandiswa sezvo mafuta. Zvino rinoshandiswa senzira solvent. Handizvo kare kwakadaro mafuta nendege TU-22 uye TU-16.

Rakagadzirwa jeti huni dzakawanda nzira processing mafuta: DISTILLATION kana CATALYTIC Cracking.

Zvinoumba avhiyesheni chinotsva

Avgas zvaimbonzi yepamusoro mafuta. Sei? Pane zvikonzero zvinoverengeka:

1. Detonation Kugadzikana. Nemamwe mashoko, mafuta ichi chinogona kushandiswa michina akashongedzerwa rurefu compression mwero combustible nezvakasanganiswa. Panyaya iyi zvaibvira panowanikwa achigogodza.
2. Fractional sezvamunoita. Aviation peturu anokwanisa sasana. Izvi zvinoratidza kukwanisa kwayo kuumba mhepo-huni, kushanda musanganiswa. Nyaya iyi yakatsunga yakazara mhute kufurirwa uye kufashaira tembiricha.
3. Chemical pakusimba. Aviation mafuta anokwanisa kupikisa kugara vamwe namakemikari zvinoumba panguva kushandiswa, zvokufambisa nezvakadaro.

Sezvaunogona kuona, avhiyesheni chinotsva rakanakira zvakawanda. Zvisinei, zvave kare senzira mafuta. Saka chii akapiwa ndege kana avhiyesheni chinotsva harishandiswi zvinangwa izvi?

Aviation eparafini

Sei mafuta kuzadza pamwe ndege kuti atakure vanhu uye zvechiuto? Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, neparafini rinoshandiswa - iyi ndiyo imwe zvikamu mafuta yaunganidzwa zvakananga DISTILLATION rwesarufa uye kuderedzwa nesarufa mafuta mhando. In ichi zvinowanzoshandiswa nzira hydrotreating. In mafuta dzakadaro kazhinji kuwedzera mamwe yokuvirisa.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti avhiyesheni reparafini, asati achipinda ndege tangi 8 pemipata ongororo matanho. Uyezve, munyika yedu kudzorwa pamusoro kunaka huni rinoitwa nemauto. Mari mumwe tani peturu uyu 20-35 zviuru rubles.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana jeti chinotsva

Aviation eparafini ane zvakawanda zvinhu. acidity ichi uye sernost, uye chafariz dzigadzikane. Panguva iyi nyika yedu aishandisa vamwe mhando yayo:

1. RT - chinotsva ari mukuru kwazvo yepamusoro. Izvi imhaka mafuta hacho. Pano, zviri 135-280 ° C uye kaviri ari hydroprocessing wakakwana. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mafuta kwakadaro kunoshamisa kunyange pakati dzokumadokero akasiyana mafuta. RT ari yemanyorero kushandiswa kuzadza SU-27 uye zvichingodaro.
2. TC-1 - a huni ndege ndiyo musanganiswa yakarurama uye ndokunatsawo zvakananga zvikamu zviduku. chinotsva kwakadaro anoenderana Jet-A - Foreign dzomuzana. In nyika yedu ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa muchimiro avhiyesheni reparafini. Vari chomurume ndege ano uye vakwegura vakapakata subsonic, turbojet uye turboprop injini.
3. T-6 uye T-8B - mafuta chakaitwa chete zvinodiwa nemauto. Vari mhosva pamwe supersonic varwi third-35. chinotsva Izvi vakawana somugumisiro kwenguva refu achinatsa, izvo zvinoita mutengo wavo chaizvo.

In yechando, chinotsva iri akawedzera zvimwe yokuvirisa, izvo usarega chinotsva vachinje mumuviri ehupfumi kushandiswa.

Vangani Matangi ndege

Tisati tapindura mubvunzo sei uye sei huni zhinji iri akatakura kupinda ndege, zvinokosha kuziva Matangi vangani riwanikwe chikwata. Siyana yemashoko midziyo vari riri anongoda zvakafanana akakwirira ari mapapiro uye pakati. Panguva iyoyo mumwe nomumwe tangi peturu kudyiwa mamwe zvinangwa. Mafuta kubva huru tangi rakagadzirirwa mudanga mudzimu injini. Mune dzimwe ndege, chimwezve vanokwanisa munzvimbo muswe. tangi kwakadaro kunoda kuchinja inogara chairema panzira.

Muitiro rokuzadza

Muitiro refueling ndege - iri kunzwisisa nzira kuti rinoitwa boka revanhu panhandare yendege. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, rinokosha nzira. Kana nzira iri kutongwa gasi chiteshi opareta. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mafuta rakaidzwa kwazvo. How zvikuru akapiwa ndege? Zvose zvinoenderana dzakasiyana-siyana nzira. Nokuti zvinodiwa "Boeing" Zvinotora anenge 15 matani huni, uye nokuda "Airbus" - matani 15-25.