Silkworm. Silkworm cocoons

Zvikuru vanofarira munhoroondo maberekero ose Tupukanana uyu silkworm. Mabikirwo yakazokudziridzwa kare muna China yekare. Kutaurwa okuwana iri Chinese yaMakoronike wokutanga yakatanga kusvika 2600 BC, uye silkworm cocoons, akawana nevanochera ndeyemunguva 2000 BC. e. The Chinese zvakavaka munhu kugadzirwa esiriki ari mamiriro ezvinhu pakavanda, uye kwemazana emakore akawanda kwaiva pachena pokutanga munyika.

Pave paya, muzana remakore rechi13, maberekero nehonye uye anogadzira zvinhu esiriki micheka zvakavharwa aidaro Italy, Spain, North Africa, uye muzana remakore rechi16 - uye Russia. Imhandoi nezvipembenene - silkworm?

Butterfly silkworm nevana vayo

Dzaichengetwa silkworm shavishavi nhasi haiwaniki dzomusango uye akaberekwa muna anokosha miriwo dzinongoitika pemavara. The mukuru - zviri zvikuru yakakura zvipembenene chiedza ruvara, kusvikira 6 masendimita pakureba ine mapapiro anosvika 5-6 masendimita excretion-siyana mhando shavishavi ichi dzinonakidza Breeders tinoita munyika dzakawanda .. Pashure pezvose, optimum kuchinjira kumamiriro hunhu munzvimbo dzakasiyana - hwaro kunobatsira kugadzirwa uye maximize mari. Tinowana yakawanda silkworm dzinoita. Vamwe vanopa chizvarwa chimwe pagore vamwe - vaviri, uye kunongova kuti kupa dzinamatenga shoma pagore.

Pasinei kwayo ukuru, kuti silkworm shavishavi haigoni kubhururuka, saka sei refu vakafirwa kugona ichi. Anogara mazuva 12 chete uye panguva iyoyo kunyange dzinofambiswa, pamwe undeveloped muromo. With Pazvinotanga pamusoro maberekero mwaka iri rakachengetedzwa silkworm peya kupinda munhu pouches. Mushure kuberekesana, hadzi kwemazuva 3-4 rave nokuiswa mazai ari uwandu 300-800 inokwana zviyero muna Greenough, ane denderedzwa chimiro ne yekudyidzana kunosiyana hukuru kuti vari zvakananga pazviri Tupukanana marudzi. Mumarudzi akafanana, uye zvinoenderana nenguva excretion pakati honye - zvive zvegore, asi anogona - neinotevera.

Nomupedzachose - inotevera padariro budiriro

Nomupedzachose Rinobva mazai silkworm ari kudziya 23-25 ° C. Munguva fekitari, zviri incubators pane imwe tembiricha uye mwando. Eggs kuva mazuva 8-10, ipapo nemazai shava shoma sokuti 3 mm dukutu pamusoro silkworm, Downy vhudzi. makonye Small inoiswa chaiyo dzacho uye kune rimwe tsime ventilated inodziya nzvimbo. Matangi aya dzinomirira akafanana marongerwo wemagazini zvinosanganisira echiShinto vakawanda akasungirirwa yepasi uye kuva chinangwa chaicho - inongogara vachidya nehonye. Vakaguta chete yakachena mulberry mashizha, uye achiti, "havi anouya nokudya" ndiko zvachose yakarurama kuona voracity makonye. Nzara iri kuwedzera pavo munhu geometric kunoita, pazuva rechipiri ivo vapera kaviri zvokudya kupfuura kutanga.

moult

By rechishanu zuva upenyu chinomisa dukutu, inombomira uye anotanga kumirira kwavo wokutanga Molt. Iye akavata kwerinenge zuva, vachimbundirana makumbo aro jira, uye ipapo pakarepo kuswatura ganda watsemuka, achisunungura nomupedzachose, uye akamupa mukana kufaranuka uye kuzodzosera kuita kudzivisa kure nzara. Mazuva mana akatevera nayo absorbs mashizha ane enviable kushumba kusvikira zvasvika dzoro inotevera Molt.

nomupedzachose kushandurwa

Over nguva yose kukura (inenge mwedzi) nehonye molts runa. Last Molt kunochinja nawo zvakakwana guru specimens chiedza parera guru ruvara: muviri kureba kusvika 8 cm upamhi - 1 masendimita uye kurema 3-5 d pamuviri wako inomira hombe musoro necheni mbiri zvakanaka dzakabudirira shaya, kunyanya pamusoro, rinonzi "pincers". Asi chinonyanya kukosha quality, zvinokosha kuti kugadzirwa nesirika - kuvapo akura nomupedzachose ano pasi muromo iyo oozes rinokosha fuma anoomesa pamusoro kuonana mhepo uye ichichinja sirika shinda.

Education sirika shinda

Izvi magumo ano shelkootdelitelnye mumasero maviri, izvo refu sepombi pamwe pakati chikamu ikava muviri mumwe makonye kuva mhando Dam, kuunganidza namira aindiumba vakazoroorwa munhu sirika shinda. Kana achida njanji kuburikidza pakuvhurwa pasi rezasi muromo unobereka nechokunze kwaderera mvura iyo solidifies uye ichichinja mutete asi simba zvakakwana shinda. Last ari Tupukanana hwomunhu ane hombe basa uye aiwanzoshandiswa senzira tether, nekuti kuchangotanga ngozi iye yakaturikwa wake, sezvinoita dandemutande, kwete kutya kuwa. The mukuru nomupedzachose shelkootdelitelnye shwanu kugara 2/5 chikamu zvachose muviri uremu.

Zvokukura kuvaka guurwa

Paaizosvika akura mushure 4th Molt, nomupedzachose anotanga kurasikirwa kushumba uye pakupedzisira kudzivirira kudya. Shelkootdelitelnye shwanu panguva ino yazara mura kuti dukutu ari kugara ari refu shinda. Izvi zvinoreva kuti njanji vagadzirira pupation. Anotanga kutsvaka nzvimbo yakakodzera uye ariwana maari-kokonnikah nenguva silkworm wakaiswa megomo madziro inosimbisa "shelving muzvikamu".

Akagara bukira, nomupedzachose anotanga kushanda kuzviita: nayo rave akatendeuka musoro wake, vachikandira ano ine gomba shelkootdelitelnoy mumasero pamusoro kokonnike kunzvimbo dzakasiyana, nokudaro wezvamatongerwe simba chaizvo samambure sirika shinda. Zvakaratidza rudzi yemibvunzo yemberi pakuvaka. nomupedzachose Next zvinokambaira kupinda pakati puranga wako, vakabata kumusoro pedyo filaments, uye anotanga kugadzira imwe nhumbana pacharo.

Nhumbana uye pupate

Munguva pakuvaka nhumbana nomupedzachose nokukurumidza akazunza musoro wake, vachidzikisa mumwe kumativi kusvika 3 masendimita shinda. Kureba kuumba yose nhumbana kubva 0,8 kusvika 1,5 km uye nguva yakawandisa payo, tora mazuva mana kana kupfuura. Kana apedza, nomupedzachose iri nhumbana kurara, akatendeuka kuva pupa.

Weight guurwa ane pupa hakuiti kupfuudza 3-4 d silkworm cocoons ndivo kupfuura siyana pakukura (kubvira 1 kusvika 6 cm), chimiro (rwakapoteredza, denderedzwa, pamwe jumpers) uye ruvara (kubva chena chendarama uye Lilac). Vanachiremba vakaona kuti zvikuru panyaya vanobatanidza nhumbana silkworms varume. Kwavaigara nokuti nezvidhori anosiyana ichitenderera arambe achirema pakati rwebhuruu uye kureba.

zvakare Butterfly

Pashure pevhiki nhatu shavishavi pupae panze, izvo zvakafanira kuti kubva nhumbana. Zvakaoma, nokuti zvachose isina shaya aishongedza nomupedzachose. Asi akachenjera hunhu akagadzirisa dambudziko iri: Butterfly ari vakapakata mumasero anokosha kuti pave alkaline nemate, kushandisa iyo kunoita nhumbana parusvingo uye kunoita kusunungurwa richangobva kuumbwa shavishavi. Saka silkworm rinopedzisa mudenderedzwa warwo kushanduka.

Zvisinei, kuti maindasitiri maberekero pamusoro silkworms anokudimburira ari kubereka vana kungozvifunga. Unorema kubva cocoons anoshandiswa kubereka mbishi sirika. Shure zvose, ichi ndicho rakapedzwa chigadzirwa, mumwe anogona chete usununguke zvako zviri cocoons kunyatsonzwisisa michina, pre-nokubayiwa pupae uye cocoons kupatsanurwa hwemvura uye mvura.

Saka silkworm maberekero iyo iri muindasitiri scale, zvimwe haana rirasikirwe kwayo, - muenzaniso Zvikuru dzaichengetwa Tupukanana, icho chinounza yakawanda chaizvo mari.