SRO: Ndezvipi masangano anozvigadzirisa?

SRO (sangano rekuzvigadzirisa) inofanirwa kushandiswa pasina purogiramu isangano rezvemitemo rine chinangwa chekutonga nyaya dzakasiyana nedzimwe shizha kana basa. Inogona kugadzirisa nyaya, urongwa hwahwo husingatongorwi nemutemo, uyewo kuwedzera mitemo yehurumende. Iko kukwanisa kweSRO yekuita mabasa ekugadzirisa kunowanzobva pamasimba anopiwa nehurumende.

Chinangwa chikuru cheSROs chakasikwa ndechekuderedza hurumende kupinda muhutano mabasa emasangano uye panguva imwechete kusimbisa simba rinodzora kunaka kwebasa ravo. Mutoro wevatori kune vatengi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa kweSRO basa. Ndeipi mitemo yemhando yemiti, uye nei vachifanira kuremekedzwa, musanzwisisi vose vatengesi vemusika. Saka, masangano anozvimiririra anogara achigadzira mitemo yavo yekusimudzira uye chigadzirwa chechigadzirwa chinangwa chekuwedzera kukwikwidzana kwevatambi vose mumhizha yavo.

Historical background

MuUnited States, kune maSRO akawanda. Ndezvipi sangano rekuzvimiririra nenzira yeAmerica, uye kuti rinoshanda sei, rinogona kutsanangurwa nemuenzaniso chaiwo. Sangano guru rehurumende reUnited States, Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), rakasarudza kugovera mamwe masimba aro kuchinja maindasitiri emitemo yeNASDA neAmerican stock exchange . Mushure mekunge vashandura zvido zvinoshandiswa pakuchinja urongwa hwekuita nekuchengetedzwa kwebasa rekutengeserana uye kushandiswa kwemari, NASD ne NYSE - kuburikidza nekubatana - vakachinjwa kuva SRO itsva. FINRA nhasi inoita basa rakakura rokutonga munyaya yezvemari.

Masangano anozvimiririra muRussia

Nhoroondo yemasangano eRussia anotanga muna 1995, apo mutemo wekutanga paSRO wakagamuchirwa. Ndezvipi masangano e-self-regulating, mabasa api aanofanira kugadzirisa, mumamiriro ezvinhu epanguva iyi akanga asina kujeka. Kutanga kwechikoro chekuzviisa pasi kwakafanirwa kurongedza mabasa emakambani emakambani, mari yehupfumi uye mari yepensheni, vatariri vekugadzirisa hurumende, uyewo kugadzirisa basa pamusika wekutengesa.

Nhasi, kune maSRO anopfuura 1 000 ari kushanda mune makumi maviri emasangano muRussia. Ikuvaka uye magetsi emagetsi vatungamiri munhamba yavo. Kune masangano 445 anozvigadzirisa evanhu vavaki uye vanogadzira munyika. SROs mumunda wesimba rekuongorora zvinomiririrwa nemasangano 133.

Kuzvimiririra masangano ekuvaka

Kuzvidzora mukuvaka kwave kuri kuverenga kubvira muna 2009, umo kubvumirwa kwehurumende kwebhizimisi yekuvaka kwakaparadzwa. Nenzira yepamutemo, yakarongerwa kusikwa kwevaki veSRO munzvimbo ye:

• Kugadzirira kwekufungidzirwa kwegadziriro;

• unyanzvi hwokuongorora;

• Kuvaka.

Vavaki vaikoshesa zvitsva uye vakatanga kunyora zvinyorwa zvavo nhengo dzeSRO. Chii chinonzi kushamwaridzana kwevakavaka chichabatsira mhizha kuti ikurumidze kudzoka kubva kune dambudziko, zvakajeka pakarepo. Zvechokwadi, mukati memakore maviri izwi rekuvakwa rakadzokera kune risati rasangana nematambudziko, uye kusikwa kweSRO munzvimbo yakatenderera yeESTP yevaki vakagadzirisa dambudziko rekuparadzirwa kwemashoko panguva yakakodzera.