Stanza - ndiwo misara mangani? Ndechipi stanza ari nhetembo?

Shoko rokuti "Ndima" rinobva mushoko rechiGiriki rinoreva "ungadzoka", "Kukosa". Kubatana uku imwe nhamba zvinhu (ndima mitsetse), rinova kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro, syntactic uye mutinhimira kubatana. "Stanza - ndiwo mitsetse sei vakawanda?" - You kubvunza. Answer. sezvamunoita Its ringave riine kubva 2 kusvika 14 ndima. Mazita stanzas (zvinokosha), tichaita kupa kwamuri ikozvino.

couplet

The nyore wavo couplet (nemamwe mazwi - Remote). Izvi mhando ndima kushandiswa tichishandisa kashoma ari National nhetembo. Rinoshandiswa Somuenzaniso, M. Yu. Lermontov mu nhetembo yake "Gungwa Princess".

tercet

Rinoumbwa mitsara mitatu ndima stanza rinonzi vatatu (zvimwe - Terzetto). Miti iyi chiri kashoma kushandiswa vadetembi Russian. Zvikuru nayo tercets yaisanganisira mune dzimwe, stanzas makuru. Zvakanyorwa, Somuenzaniso, nhetembo "Rwiyo kuGehena" Blok.

quatrain

Inonyanya kufarirwa dzose dzimwe mhando ndima inobva mudzimba vadetembi quatrain (nemamwe mazwi - the quatrain). Inowanika mubatanidzwa ndima ina inopa incredible siyana intonation, mutinhimira. Siyana quatrain tefa nemarongerwo. Zvingaita mune zvimwe zviitiko ubatanidzwe nedzimwe, hombe mhando stanzas. Somuenzaniso Onegin ndima uye Sonnet. In quatrain siyana Zvakarurama nzira senhetembo, asi rakajairika inonzi muchinjikwa-senhetembo (abab zano yakavakwa pamusoro). Somuenzaniso, mashoko nhetembo "Dream" M. Yu Lermontova, uko mutsetse wokutanga Rhymes pamwe wechitatu, uye wechipiri -. Pamusoro wechina. Mienzaniso vakawanda.

Rega kufunga mashoko maviri akafanana - "tambo" uye "ndima". Zvose izvi pfungwa vakabatanidzwa chokwadi kuti ine ndima. Zvisinei, 4 ndima, zvingasanganisira basa akanyorwa quatrain, distihom, etc. A Tercet 4 mitsetse vanoumba ndima -. Ko nguva dzose quatrain.

Stances

Stanzas vari mundima chinokosha, izvo chinayo misara mina. Ngationgororei izvozvo zvizere. In Russian nhetembo rinoumbwa nhetembo mana rakanyorwa iambe tetrameter, ndima, iyo inoshandisa muchinjikwa-senhetembo (abab kuvakwa pamusoro anorimwa). Kuwedzera zvinenge maitiro aya, akasiyana neimwe quatrains uye kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro kukwana. Chinonyanya unoshamisa mabasa zvakanyorwa stanzas mudzimai mabhuku ndezvaJehovha A. S. Pushkinu. In nhetembo ake, ndima iyi rinowanika kanopfuura kamwe. Mienzaniso: "Ini ndokudzungairisa ...", "Stanzas," "In pakadzika Siberian ores".

Zvakakosha kusiyanisa nedzimwe mhando stanzas, asi kashoma kushandiswa Russian nhetembo, sonnet, pasi pasi, uyewo chinokosha vakasikwa Pushkin - Onegin stanza.

sonnet

Sonnet anonzi zvikurukuru somunhu lyric Genres. Zvisinei, kubva chakarongwa nemaonero, stanza ichi. Sonnet zvinosanganisira zvikamu zviviri. Wokutanga ine quatrains mbiri (kureva quatrains), uye yechipiri ine mbiri TERCET (kureva,-mutsetse matatu).

Sonnet sezvo ndima - ndiwo misara mangani? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu, zvinokwanisika kuti nhamba inotaurwa rokuti mativi uye isu muchidimbu zvichiguma nhamba. Unogona kuzviita pachako uye tarisa mugumisiro. Unofanira kuva chaizvo 14 mitsetse. Mune sonnets ose mita ndiro iambe pentameter (kashoma kushandiswa shestistopny). Kunyange chekare nyore pachake senhetembo zano dzinosiyana kana zvinotevera prerequisites: zvinofanira kushandiswa quatrains maviri ravnozvuchnye senhetembo kuti vatatu zvinofanira kushandiswa maviri (kana kupfuura kashoma, matatu), izvo zvakasiyana nevaya kushandiswa quatrains. Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym akasikwa matatu akakurumbira sonnet, "Madonna", "naizvozvo", "Asiri Dante akazvidza sonnet ...".

Onegin stanza

Onegin stanza Aleksandrom Sergeevichem wakatangwa mumabhuku zvakananga kuti yokufungidzira yaiti "Eugene Onegin". Sezvo imi kuti fembera, zita nayo anowana kubva basa iri. It rinoenderana zvinotevera chinogumbura chati: AbAbCCddEffEgg. Kuti tipindure mubvunzo "sei mitsara mazhinji Onegin stanza?" ivepo Anoverenga zvinhu zviri kutenderera. Kune chete 14. zano iri, akasarudzwa racho hadzi chidimbu (magumo), uye lowercase kuratidzwa varume. Munyika chinyorwa, "Evgeniya Onegina", mamiriro ichi anodzokororwa, kuwedzera kune tsamba Tatiana (Chapter Three), Onegin (wechisere) uye "Songs yevakadzi" (Chapter Three).

pasi pasi

Mhinduro dzemibvunzo iyi: "pasi pasi sezvo ndima - ndiko kuti mitsetse zhinji?" Inoitwa nendima sere, sezvo imi kuti fembera kubva zita. "Pasi pasi" muchiLatin rinoreva "wechisere". Lines wenhetembo senhetembo muna zvinotevera nzira: abababcc. A vanofanira ndiwo alternation vechirume clauses. Mune dzimwe yakakurumbira mabasa Russian nhetembo vachidya ndima iyi? Example pasi pasi - ndiye "The House mu Kolomna", detembo kubudikidza Pushkin.

Ndezvipi mhando weboka stanzas?

Weboka stanzas rinowanzoberekera kwakavakirwa remubatanidzwa nekudetemberwa mairi. Zvisinei, zvose kuMadokero uye National nhetembo Akagamuchira yakawanda nzeve ibatanidzo rhymed pamwe unrhymed ndima. Zvinofanira kufungwawo, achipindura mubvunzo "Chii chinonzi stanza ari detembo?". Uyezve, pane zvinogona takagadzirira strophic mhando nokusuma ari elongate uye mupfupi ndima. Kazhinji kwaisanganisira munyika dzinoverengeka ndima yakaenzana urefu, mupfupi mumwe (izvo zvinoitika kazhinji) kana yakareba (izvo zvinoitika kazhinji). Uyezve, kwakapararira nhasi akagamuchira rakatumbuka maererano nemimwe mitemo mundima mitsetse, kazhinji rhymed, kuenzana.

It achaongwa kuti vose akagadzira dzemitemo dzinogona kubatanidzwa nemumwe, mumwe muzvizhinji ndima uyewo achirega doubling Via kuwedzera zvimwe "girazi" (harungashandurwi) iri mairi zvinhu.

Features orwiyo Genres

In murwiyo chaiwo basa stanza rinodzokorora anogona kuridza zvakasiyana kumiririra dzakabatana. Izvi ndizvo zvikurukuru nokuda rwiyo Genre. Zvinofanira kuzivikanwa pano anodzokorora huripo mukati ndima imwe (somuenzaniso, Kudzokorora rokupedzisira ndima yokutanga pakusika munhu annular kuvakwa). In Genres siyana rwiyo kakawanda nokuzvidzora stanza (anonzi "vasingaiti"), iro inodzokororwa pasina kuchinja pashure mumwe ari nhetembo iyi uye akapa mbiri refu kierrätys murwiyo.

By tsanangudzo ndima somunhu fanira chepfungwa kunoonekwa sechinhu chenguva repeatable. Asi pane ndima Genres, apo kudzokorora iri shoma chete nomuenzaniso, zvikuru kana zvishoma zvaioneka, riri zvimwe zviitiko zvikuru akasiyana, ukaramba kuti kunonoka rinoumba nerevane mhando iyi.

Dzimwe mhando hwakasimba siyana stanzas munyika nhetembo

A kuwanda zvakasiyana yakasimba siyana stanzas akawana nyika nhetembo. In kare Somuenzaniso, tinowana kupfuma kwazvakaita dzavo. Vanoramba yakatanga gare gare Lyrics vemamwe marudzi European. Miti iyi ndima dzakadai elegiac distich, goratsieva kana alkeeva, ndima, sapphic zvikuru nezvidiki, asklepiadova akapa mhando dzakawanda, uye vamwe. Kakawanda kuridza vakawanda vavo vari National versification, kazhinji kururama. Mupfungwa iyi, basa duku zvikuru reDare nhetembo kumabvazuva Russian. Pairi kuedza takaitwa ichangopfuura richiswedera dzakawanda (quatrain Persian Mhara). Vafumi nhaka Latins muchiRussia nhetembo hunomiririrwa zvimwe "zvakasimba siyana", akadai Rondo, sonnet, pasi pasi, Sestina, Triolet, terza navashanu, uye vamwe.

Alexandrine mu Russian nhetembo

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa Alexandrine iyo makasimbisa mumabhuku eSoviet. Warinozokwidzwa kubva kuFrance uye vakava muzana remakore rechi18 Russian nhetembo fanira chimiro nokuda umhare nhetembo uye dzekare dambudziko. Inoitwa couplets dzaimirirwa tsezurovannym shestistopnym pentameter, umo mune yegwara rhyming rave munhukadzi, mukono. Zvimwe mhando couplets inowanzoshandiswa Genre kuti "Romance", uyewo zvinyorwa, epigrams, etc. Muenzaniso - .. "The Black Shawl" Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina.

Takurukura mamwe marudzi stanzas. Kutaura zvazviri, pane zvikuru vakawanda. Asi ainyanya kushandiswa kwemabhuku Russian. Tinogona kufunga kuti kakawanda kuongorora nhetembo mashoko iri zvakakwana. Zvino munoziva kuti ndima imwe nhetembo. Tinovimba uchakwanisa kuziva chikuru marudzi izvozvo. Mhinduro yomubvunzo "Stanza - ndiwo mitsetse sei vakawanda?" inogona kuwanika chinyorwa ichi.