Inotungamirwa, Secondary dzidzo uye zvikoro
The nemamiriro lipid. Zvakakurukurwa sechivako lipids
Mafuta - chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha Organic zvinhu zvinodiwa nevanhu zvose zvipenyu zvose. Munyaya ino tichakurukura marongerwo uye mashandiro lipids. Vakauya zvakasiyana zvose marongerwo uye basa.
The nemamiriro lipid (Biology)
Lipid - kunzwisisa Organic namakemikari akakura. Inoitwa anoverengeka zvinoriumba. Ngatimboonai sechivako lipids zvizere.
nyore lipids
Structure lipids veboka iri rinopa zvinoriumba maviri: doro uye mafuta acids. Kazhinji makemikari anoumba kwakadaro zvinhu zvinosanganisira matatu chete zvinhu: Carbon, hydrogen Kwezvokudya Nemiti.
Dzakasiyana-siyana nyore lipids
Ivo vanokamurwa muzvikwata zvitatu:
- Alkilatsilaty (waxes). It esters kuvakuru mafuta acids vane mono- kana dihydric alcohols.
- Triacylglycerols (kwemafuta uye mafuta). Sechivako lipids iyi mhando rinopa kuvapo muna glycerol (trihydric doro) uye residues kuvakuru mafuta acids.
- Ceramides. Esters ose sphingosine uye mafuta acids.
dzakaoma lipids
Zvinhu zviri boka iri regai kuva zvinhu zvitatu. Kunze izvi, ivo vanosanganisira vari nhengo dzaro dzakawanda Sarufa, Nitrogen uye phosphorus.
Kupatsanura pakati lipids dzakaoma
Vanogonawo kukamurwa kuva mapoka matatu:
- Phospholipids. The nemamiriro lipid boka rinosanganisira, kuwedzera residues pakati polyhydric alcohols uye yakakwirira mafuta acids, kuvapo residues ose phosphoric acid, kuti zviri kurerekera mamwe mapoka akasiyana zvinhu.
- Glycolipids. Ava makemikoro zvinoberekwa mubatanidzwa lipids uye makabhohaidhiretsi.
- Sphingolipids. Izvi aliphatic aminoalcohols.
The nezvemarudzi maviri lipids okutanga, akavapindurawo, akakamurwa subgroups.
Saka, marudzi phospholipids vangafungidzira phosphoglycerolipids (ane kwaro sezvamunoita glycerol, residues mbiri mafuta acids, phosphoric asidhi uye alkanol amine), cardiolipins, plasmalogens (ane ari mamiriro unsaturated monohydric yepamusoro doro phosphoric asidhi uye alkanol amine), uye sphingomyelins (zvinhu acho pamusoro sphingosine, mafuta acid, phosphoric asidhi uye choline aminoalcohol).
The Mhando glycolipids vari cerebrosides (kunze sphingosine uye mafuta asidhi rine galactose kana shuga), gangliosides (ine oligosaccharide pamusoro hexose uye sialic acids) uye sulfatides (vasiyana hexose sulfuric acid).
Basa lipids mumuviri
Marongerwo uye basa lipids zvakabatana. Nokuti kuti mamorekuru avo varipo panguva polar uye nonpolar STRUCTURAL zvimedu, izvi zvinhu zvinogona kushanda panguva inowanikwa.
Lipids vane sere zvinhu mabasa:
- Energy. Nokuda oxidation izvi zvinhu muviri anowana zvinopfuura 30 muzana simba hwaidiwa.
- Mamiriro. Features lipid zvivako kuvabvumira kuti chinokosha pakuderedza pamusoro anoshongwa. Ndivo chikamu Kamudzira lining miviri siyana kuti aumbe Kamudzira tsinga dzomuviri.
- Stock kumusoro. Izvi zvinhu zviri mafuta iine acid fomu mari muviri.
- Antiokisdantnaya. lipid mamiriro dzinovabvumira kuita basa rakadaro, uye mumuviri.
- Pamutemo. Vamwe lipids muri nevamiririri venyika mahormone ari mumasero. Uyezve, vamwe lipids vari vakaumba hormone zvinhu inotokonya immunogenez.
- Unodzivirira. Subcutaneous mafuta rukoko rinopa chafariz uye zvokuimba kudzivirira mhuka. Kana mbeu, ipapo wakisi anoumba rwokudzivirira goko pamusoro pemvura mashizha uye michero.
- Information. Lipids gangliosides zvinopa vokukurukura pakati masero.
- Mumatumbu. Lipid remafuta akawandisa kubva nokuumba bile acids zvinobatanidzwa nedanho kugaya.
The kwetunhu lipids mumuviri
Most yeimwe vekirasi ichi vari synthesized muchitokisi zvakafanana pokutangira zvinhu - acetic acid. Chengetedza mafuta muviri mahormone akadai kubaya, adrenaline uye pituitary mahormone.
Panewo lipids kuti muviri haugoni kubereka vayo. Vanofanira kupinda muviri nezvokudya. Dzaiva kunyanya miriwo, michero, miriwo, nzungu, zviyo, sunflower uye yemiorivhi nemafuta uye zvimwe zvibereko chirimwa mavambo.
Lipids, mavhitaminzi
Vamwe mavhitaminzi zvavo makemikari hunhu vari boka lipids. Ava mavhitaminzi A, D, E uye K. Zvinofanira anwa nezvokudya.
| vhitameni | mabasa | Kuratidzwa kusava | matura |
| Vhitamini A (retinol) | PaChikoro kukura epithelial tishu. Vanobatanidzwa rhodopsin - kuona ruvara. | Kuoma uye flaking ganda. Vasanyatsoona muchiedza murombo. | Chiropa, sipinachi, makarotsi, parsley, chili, apricots. |
| Vhitamini K (phylloquinone) | Nechekuita karusiyamu muviri. Zvaanopa simba kuti mapuroteni anokonzera ropa coagulation, rinobatanidzwa paumbwe mapfupa tishu. | Ossificação em kuti shwashwa, kweropa, munyu deposits pamasvingo midziyo ropa, mapfupa deformation. Vhitamini K kushaikwa hariwanikwi chaizvo. | Zvinonzi synthesized nemabhakitiriya yacho ura. Also huri Mashizha lettuce, yorukato, sipinachi, makabheji. |
| Vhitamini D (calciferol) | PaChikoro karusiyamu muviri, mapfupa inotungamirwa uye zino enamel. | kusimba | Cod chiropa mafuta, zai mondo, mukaka, ruomba. Zvinonzi synthesized paganda kubudikidza yokuwana ultraviolet nemwaranzi. |
| Vhitamini E (tocopherol) | Kunomutsa dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri. Zvematongerwo tishu patsva. Inochengetedza sero membranes kubva kukuvara. | Kuwedzera permeability foni membranes, kuderera kuti kutapata. | Vegetables uye muriwo nemafuta. |
Pano takurukura marongerwo uye zvivako zviri lipids. Zvino kuti munoziva muri zvinhu izvi, ndedzipi kusiyana mapoka akasiyana-siyana, basa lipids kuita muvanhu.
mhedziso
Lipids - kunzwisisa Organic zvinhu, ayo akakamurwa nyore uye zvakaoma kunzwisisa. Yavanobata mumuviri Mabasa masere: simba inochengeterwa, STRUCTURAL, antioxidant, rokudzivirira, pamutemo, zvomudumbu uye ruzivo. Uyezve, pane lipids, mavhitaminzi. Ivo vanoita zvakasiyana-siyana zvipenyu mabasa.
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