The the retina, ayo anatomical uye dzichipfekeka zvinhu.

The the retina kana the retina (the retina), rinomiririra yomukati kunyepa mushure choroid ziso. yokunyanyisa kusiyana kwayo iri yokuti pane vatatu peripheral dzouropi, kubva vose mashoko ari kutarisana panoonekwa ziso inoenda kuuropi, iyo anogamuchira yokupedzisira kurapwa uye kushanduka kuva chisingakanganwiki Mifananidzo. Nokuda the retina yose nhengo kuona zvinogona kuenzaniswa kunzwisisa uye kusiyaniswa zvikuru intracerebral hurongwa.

The the retina omei chaizvo uye kujairika chivakwa. It ane Ultra dzakatetepa yakarongeka, asi histologically Zvichiri kusiyanisa akaturikidzana gumi akasiyana mune maumbirwo yavo. Wokutanga wavo, iro bordered ane goko maziso avhareji akapa ruvara epithelium. Rine vakawanda melanocytes kuti vabereke rwe-melanin. Zvichitevera ruvara rukoko ndiyo svetovosprinimayuschaya chikamu yeziso. Ndiwo dzouropi wokutanga. Iye chinomiririrwa chaicho photoreceptors. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane chairo basa. Saka, netsvimbo vane basa paumbwe yorubvunzavaeni, uye chairema cône - nokuti ruvara maonero uye zvakajeka. Kuti zvaitika chiedza ose yechipiri kuita. The akaturikidzana pamusoro Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu rechipiri uye rechitatu akarongwa nedambudziko uye ganglion masero, ukuwo. Kubva anatomical zviri retinal membranes zvinofanira kuzivikanwa kuti fungidziro wake optic tsinga uye macula. Munzvimbo yacho optic etsinga Disc ndiye vanonzi "bofu gwapa". Zvemazvirokwazvo indeferentno kuchiedza dzishande, sezvo hakuna photoreceptor masero. A mufananidzo zvakajeka evanhu ziso chinopa musimboti fossa (macular nharaunda), umo arambe achirema pakati pasikweya chete akakungurutsa pamusoro. Macula anatomists anonzi "gomba"; nekuti panzvimbo ino otsutsvuyut mana akaturikidzana of the retina.

The the retina chaiye ziso, utano kunofanira kukodzera naka kusvika runotikurudzira choroid, ayo wejira layer kunzi rinoonekera ndiro kana bruch and they kuti membrane. Muzviitiko apo ichi anobatwa chibharo, ziso nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare, kana nomuzvarirwo kana vakadhakwa zvimwe kwokunze uye munyika zvinhu, zvinogona kuitika abruption. Uyu ndiye anotyisa ezvinhu yenjodzi uye kuti nhengo nechaanoona, izvo zvinogona kuramba zvachose munhu anokwanisa kuona. Manyoro, asi hapana zvishoma ngozi ezvinhu anoonekwa kuti retinal misodzi mumaziso ake. It ndepana achitandadza rive dete mukurusa. Vamwe varwere angasaona misodzi, nekuti vane diki uye zvinogona iri kure nzvimbo, iyo basa pachena uye unopinza mifananidzo zvinhu pamusoro the retina. Rakajairika mitswe kuitika kana murwere ari ophthalmology kare paine degeneration of the retina. Somuenzaniso, mune dzakakwirira inosiyana myopia, kana sezvazvakanyorwa akadana vanhu, myopia, setchaka murwere nokuda guru kukura yeziso iri zvakasimba rwakatambanudzwa, inova pfava uye dzakaonda chaizvo. In akadaro hwakakanganisika ropa Kusasvika the retina, uye kudya kunovaka. Saka, chero simba kubva kunze (kuridza kune musoro, kunyanya muviri, izvo anowedzera kumanikidza, zvakasimbisa vachidzungudza) kungakonzera ruptures uye dzimwe nguva yokuzviparadzanisa of the retina. Treatment yaifanira pakarepo, sezvo pane mukana kudzorera functionality of the retina. Kana yokuzviparadzanisa murwere zvinoda mubhedha zororo uye norunyararo. A duku yokuzviparadzanisa manyoro anogona vakazvimiririra kuenda paraimbova. Muzviitiko pasina tariro kuzvicheka-kuporesa, kuvhiya kurapwa kunodiwa - Simbiso scleral kana vitreous kuvhiyiwa. The the retina, iyo kuregawo kwakaitika inogona kudzorerwa Laser coagulation gwanza mugove.